Intragenomic conflict (original) (raw)
La distorsión de la segregación (SD), conducción meiótica o impulso meiótico es un fenómeno que sucede en organismos heterocigotos cuando en su producción gamética no cumple las frecuencias alélicas esperadas de una segregación mendeliana típica. Ha sido detectado en multitud de seres vivos: especies del género Drosophila, maíz, tabaco, ratón y posiblemente en humanos.
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| dbo:abstract | Intragenomic conflict refers to the evolutionary phenomenon where genes have phenotypic effects that promote their own transmission in detriment of the transmission of other genes that reside in the same genome. The selfish gene theory postulates that natural selection will increase the frequency of those genes whose phenotypic effects cause their transmission to new organisms, and most genes achieve this by cooperating with other genes in the same genome to build an organism capable of reproducing and/or helping kin to reproduce. The assumption of the prevalence of intragenomic cooperation underlies the organism-centered concept of inclusive fitness. However, conflict among genes in the same genome may arise both in events related to reproduction (a selfish gene may "cheat" and increase its own presence in gametes or offspring above the expected according to fair Mendelian segregation and fair gametogenesis) and altruism (genes in the same genome may disagree on how to value other organisms in the context of helping kin because coefficients of relatedness diverge between genes in the same genome). (en) La distorsión de la segregación (SD), conducción meiótica o impulso meiótico es un fenómeno que sucede en organismos heterocigotos cuando en su producción gamética no cumple las frecuencias alélicas esperadas de una segregación mendeliana típica. Ha sido detectado en multitud de seres vivos: especies del género Drosophila, maíz, tabaco, ratón y posiblemente en humanos. (es) A teoria do gene egoísta postula que a seleção natural vai aumentar a frequência daqueles genes cujos efeitos fenotípicos certificam a sua replicação bem sucedida. Em geral, um gene alcança este objectivo através da construção de, em cooperação com outros genes, um organismo capaz de transmitir o gene para os descendentes. Conflito intragenômico surge quando genes dentro de um genoma não são transmitidas pelas mesmas regras, ou quando um gene faz com que sua própria transmissão em detrimento do resto do genoma (este último tipo de gene é geralmente chamado elemento genético egoísta, ou gene ultraselfish ou ). (pt) Genomkonflikt uppstår när genetiskt material har olika spridningsegenskaper och förutsätter selektion på minst två nivåer i den biologiska hierarkin. Exempelvis kan en genomkonflikt uppstå mellan cellkärnans och mitokondriens DNA, eller mellan olika delar av arvsmassan. Genomkonflikt har störst möjlighet att uppstå i svagt reglerade gener med snabb reproduktion, exempelvis mitokondrier. Genomkonflikt är vanligare hos organismer med sexuell fortplantning än hos organismer med asexuell fortplantning, detta eftersom arvsmassa från de båda föräldrarna kombineras i avkomman. Detta kan potentiellt orsaka konflikt inom avkommans genom. Genomkonflikt hos sexuellt förökande organismer kan undgås genom genetisk prägling, eller att visst genetiskt material endast ärvs från endera föräldern.Hos asexuellt förökande organismer kan genomkonflikt uppstå genom konjugering mellan bakterier, själviska gener och mutationer. (sv) 根據自私基因理論，若一基因的表現型能確保其較為成功的複製及傳遞，該基因的頻率即會上升。一般情況下，能提升個體存活率及繁殖成功率（適存度）的基因，較易達成此一目標；然而，在某些情況下，如果利於各基因（或染色體片段）傳遞的條件有所不同，甚至互相抵觸，或是利於部分基因傳遞的條件會對整個基因組或是個體造成危害（自私DNA），此時所引起的現象稱為基因組內部衝突。 (zh) |
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| rdfs:comment | La distorsión de la segregación (SD), conducción meiótica o impulso meiótico es un fenómeno que sucede en organismos heterocigotos cuando en su producción gamética no cumple las frecuencias alélicas esperadas de una segregación mendeliana típica. Ha sido detectado en multitud de seres vivos: especies del género Drosophila, maíz, tabaco, ratón y posiblemente en humanos. (es) A teoria do gene egoísta postula que a seleção natural vai aumentar a frequência daqueles genes cujos efeitos fenotípicos certificam a sua replicação bem sucedida. Em geral, um gene alcança este objectivo através da construção de, em cooperação com outros genes, um organismo capaz de transmitir o gene para os descendentes. Conflito intragenômico surge quando genes dentro de um genoma não são transmitidas pelas mesmas regras, ou quando um gene faz com que sua própria transmissão em detrimento do resto do genoma (este último tipo de gene é geralmente chamado elemento genético egoísta, ou gene ultraselfish ou ). (pt) 根據自私基因理論，若一基因的表現型能確保其較為成功的複製及傳遞，該基因的頻率即會上升。一般情況下，能提升個體存活率及繁殖成功率（適存度）的基因，較易達成此一目標；然而，在某些情況下，如果利於各基因（或染色體片段）傳遞的條件有所不同，甚至互相抵觸，或是利於部分基因傳遞的條件會對整個基因組或是個體造成危害（自私DNA），此時所引起的現象稱為基因組內部衝突。 (zh) Intragenomic conflict refers to the evolutionary phenomenon where genes have phenotypic effects that promote their own transmission in detriment of the transmission of other genes that reside in the same genome. The selfish gene theory postulates that natural selection will increase the frequency of those genes whose phenotypic effects cause their transmission to new organisms, and most genes achieve this by cooperating with other genes in the same genome to build an organism capable of reproducing and/or helping kin to reproduce. The assumption of the prevalence of intragenomic cooperation underlies the organism-centered concept of inclusive fitness. However, conflict among genes in the same genome may arise both in events related to reproduction (a selfish gene may "cheat" and increase i (en) Genomkonflikt uppstår när genetiskt material har olika spridningsegenskaper och förutsätter selektion på minst två nivåer i den biologiska hierarkin. Exempelvis kan en genomkonflikt uppstå mellan cellkärnans och mitokondriens DNA, eller mellan olika delar av arvsmassan. Genomkonflikt har störst möjlighet att uppstå i svagt reglerade gener med snabb reproduktion, exempelvis mitokondrier. (sv) |
| rdfs:label | Distorsión en la Segregación (es) Intragenomic conflict (en) Conflito intragenómico (pt) Genomkonflikt (sv) 基因組內部衝突 (zh) |
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