Grooved ware (original) (raw)
Grooved Ware (geriefte oder gekerbte Ware) ist eine mittelneolithische Keramiktradition Großbritanniens und Irlands (dort vor allem im Boyne-Tal). Gordon Childe bezeichnete die Kultur ursprünglich als Skara-Brae-Kultur nach dem gleichnamigen Fundort auf den Orkney-Inseln.
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| dbo:abstract | Grooved Ware (geriefte oder gekerbte Ware) ist eine mittelneolithische Keramiktradition Großbritanniens und Irlands (dort vor allem im Boyne-Tal). Gordon Childe bezeichnete die Kultur ursprünglich als Skara-Brae-Kultur nach dem gleichnamigen Fundort auf den Orkney-Inseln. (de) Grooved ware is the name given to a pottery style of the British Neolithic. Its manufacturers are sometimes known as the Grooved ware people. Unlike the later Beaker ware, Grooved culture was not an import from the continent but seems to have developed in Orkney, early in the 3rd millennium BC, and was soon adopted in Britain and Ireland. The diagnostic shape for the style is a flat-bottomed pot with straight sides sloping outwards and grooved decoration around the top. Beyond this the pottery comes in many varieties, some with complex geometric decorations others with applique bands added. The latter has led some archaeologists to argue that the style is a skeuomorph and is derived from wicker basketry. Grooved ware pots excavated at Balfarg in Fife have been chemically analysed to determine their contents. It appears that some of the vessels there may have been used to hold black henbane (Hyoscyamus niger) which is a poison and a powerful hallucinogen. Since many Grooved ware pots have been found at henge sites and in burials, it is possible that they may have had a ritual purpose as well as a functional one. Grooved ware comes in many sizes, some vessels are extremely large, c. 30 gallons, and would be suitable for fermentation. The majority are smaller, ranging from jug- to cup-size, and could be used for serving and drinking. The theory that the first British farmers (c. 4000 BC) had the knowledge and ability to make ale from their crops with their pottery appears to be controversial and not yet widely discussed by the archaeological community. The earliest examples have been found in Orkney and may have evolved from earlier Unstan ware bowls. The recent excavations at nearby Ness of Brodgar have revealed many sherds of finely decorated Grooved ware pottery, some of it representing very large pots. Many drinking vessels have also been identified. The style soon spread and it was used by the builders of the first phase of Stonehenge. Grooved ware pottery has been found in abundance in recent excavations at Durrington Walls and Marden Henge in Wiltshire. Here, the feasting would have involved drinking ale and eating pork. Smaller quantities of Grooved ware have been found at the nearby site of Figsbury Ring. Grooved ware was previously referred to as Rinyo-Clacton ware, first identified by Stuart Piggott in the 1950s and named after sites where it was found. Rinyo is a neolithic settlement on the island of Rousay, Orkney. The site at Clacton now lies under the sea. One way the tradition may have spread is through trade routes up the west coast of Britain. What seems unusual is that although they shared the same style of pottery, different regions still maintained vastly different traditions. Evidence at some early Henges (Mayburgh Henge, Ring of Brodgar, Arbor Low) suggests that there were staging and trading points on a national 'motorway' during the Neolithic and Bronze Age. This evidence perhaps explains how Cumbrian stone axes found their way to Orkney. Unstan ware, a variation on grooved ware, emerged in Orkney. The people who used Unstan ware had totally different burial practices but managed to co-exist with their Grooved ware counterparts. Some hybrid chambered cairns have emerged in this region, containing architectural features of both the Maeshowe subclass and the Orkney-Cromarty stalled subclasses of cairn. Wikimedia Commons has media related to Grooved Ware. (en) La céramique de type Grooved ware, ou céramique rainurée ou encore céramique à cannelures, est un style de poterie du Néolithique moyen britannique. Contrairement à la culture campaniforme du Néolithique final, la culture de la céramique rainurée n'a pas été importée du continent mais semble s'être développée dans les Orcades au début du IIIe millénaire av. J.-C., d'où elle s'est rapidement diffusée en Grande-Bretagne et en Irlande. (fr) Met de term grooved ware wordt neolithisch keramiek aangeduid dat typisch is voor de Britse Eilanden. De vondsten worden gekenmerkt door potten met een platte bodem en rechte zijden met een kenmerkend patroon van parallelle kerven (en: grooves) bij de bovenrand. In tegenstelling tot de latere klokbekercultuur is deze cultuur niet afkomstig van het Europese vasteland, maar lijkt zich op Orkney ontwikkeld te hebben in het 3e millennium v.Chr. en verspreidde zich vandaar over het Verenigd Koninkrijk en Ierland. De cultuur is wellicht een voortzetting van de eerdere . De cultuur verspreidde zich vrij snel en wordt (onder andere) geassocieerd met de eerste bouwfase van Stonehenge. Ook andere henges kunnen met deze cultuur in verband worden gebracht. (nl) 홈무늬토기(Grooved ware)는 브리튼 제도의 신석기 시대에 발견되는 토기 양식이다. 이 토기를 만들어 사용한 사람들을 홈무늬토기민(Grooved ware people)이라고 한다. 홈무늬토기는 오크니 제도에서 개발되어 기원전 제3천년기에 브리튼섬과 아일랜드섬으로 전파되었다. 하지만 대륙에서는 새부리토기만큼 흥하지 않았다. (ko) Желобковая керамика, или керамика с желобковым венчиком, — характерная особенность большинства культур Великобритании эпохи неолита. Желобок вдоль венчика (верхнего края) керамической погребальной урны был характерен для нескольких, по-видимому, неродственных культур, объединённых общим термином «люди желобковой керамики» (grooved ware people). Относится к докельтскому периоду истории Шотландии, фаза Папа-Уэстрей, около 3700-2800 гг. до н. э. Ранее создатели желобковой керамики рассматривались как единая Риньо-Клэктонская археологическая культура. Характерной формой этого стиля является плоскодонный горшок с прямыми, кверху наклоненными наружу и рифлеными сверху сторонами. Вероятны также иные варианты желобковой керамики, например со сложными геометрическими декорациями или аппликациями в виде полос. Последний вариант может являться скевоморфизмом от корзиноплетения. Согласно одной из гипотез, такая традиция могла получить распространение по торговым путям по западному побережью Британии, однако следует отметить, что несмотря на сходство в керамике, в различных регионах сохранялись различные традиции. Находки в нескольких ранних хенджах дают основания предположить, что в течение неолита и бронзового века на данном побережье существовали свои торговые точки. Эти данные, возможно, объясняют, как камбрийские каменные топоры попали на Оркнейские острова. На Оркнейских островах возникла разновидность желобковой керамики — керамика Анстен, образцы которой обнаружены, например, в Анстене и Нэп-оф-Хауар. Люди, использовавшие анстеновскую керамику, имели совершенно иную погребальную практику, однако продолжали сосуществовать со своими соседями, принадлежавшими к культуре (культурам) желобковой керамики. В этом регионе возникло несколько гибридных камерных каирнов, содержащих характеристики как гробниц типа Мейсхау, так и типа . (ru) |
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| rdfs:comment | Grooved Ware (geriefte oder gekerbte Ware) ist eine mittelneolithische Keramiktradition Großbritanniens und Irlands (dort vor allem im Boyne-Tal). Gordon Childe bezeichnete die Kultur ursprünglich als Skara-Brae-Kultur nach dem gleichnamigen Fundort auf den Orkney-Inseln. (de) La céramique de type Grooved ware, ou céramique rainurée ou encore céramique à cannelures, est un style de poterie du Néolithique moyen britannique. Contrairement à la culture campaniforme du Néolithique final, la culture de la céramique rainurée n'a pas été importée du continent mais semble s'être développée dans les Orcades au début du IIIe millénaire av. J.-C., d'où elle s'est rapidement diffusée en Grande-Bretagne et en Irlande. (fr) Met de term grooved ware wordt neolithisch keramiek aangeduid dat typisch is voor de Britse Eilanden. De vondsten worden gekenmerkt door potten met een platte bodem en rechte zijden met een kenmerkend patroon van parallelle kerven (en: grooves) bij de bovenrand. In tegenstelling tot de latere klokbekercultuur is deze cultuur niet afkomstig van het Europese vasteland, maar lijkt zich op Orkney ontwikkeld te hebben in het 3e millennium v.Chr. en verspreidde zich vandaar over het Verenigd Koninkrijk en Ierland. De cultuur is wellicht een voortzetting van de eerdere . De cultuur verspreidde zich vrij snel en wordt (onder andere) geassocieerd met de eerste bouwfase van Stonehenge. Ook andere henges kunnen met deze cultuur in verband worden gebracht. (nl) 홈무늬토기(Grooved ware)는 브리튼 제도의 신석기 시대에 발견되는 토기 양식이다. 이 토기를 만들어 사용한 사람들을 홈무늬토기민(Grooved ware people)이라고 한다. 홈무늬토기는 오크니 제도에서 개발되어 기원전 제3천년기에 브리튼섬과 아일랜드섬으로 전파되었다. 하지만 대륙에서는 새부리토기만큼 흥하지 않았다. (ko) Grooved ware is the name given to a pottery style of the British Neolithic. Its manufacturers are sometimes known as the Grooved ware people. Unlike the later Beaker ware, Grooved culture was not an import from the continent but seems to have developed in Orkney, early in the 3rd millennium BC, and was soon adopted in Britain and Ireland. Grooved ware pots excavated at Balfarg in Fife have been chemically analysed to determine their contents. It appears that some of the vessels there may have been used to hold black henbane (Hyoscyamus niger) which is a poison and a powerful hallucinogen. (en) Желобковая керамика, или керамика с желобковым венчиком, — характерная особенность большинства культур Великобритании эпохи неолита. Желобок вдоль венчика (верхнего края) керамической погребальной урны был характерен для нескольких, по-видимому, неродственных культур, объединённых общим термином «люди желобковой керамики» (grooved ware people). Относится к докельтскому периоду истории Шотландии, фаза Папа-Уэстрей, около 3700-2800 гг. до н. э. Ранее создатели желобковой керамики рассматривались как единая Риньо-Клэктонская археологическая культура. (ru) |
| rdfs:label | Grooved Ware (de) Grooved ware (en) Grooved ware (fr) 홈무늬토기 (ko) Grooved ware (nl) Желобковая керамика (ru) |
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