Hashid (original) (raw)
حاشد (خط المسند: )قبيلة يمنية قديمة من قبائل همدان وأقدم ذكر يشير إليها يعود للقرن الرابع قبل الميلاد. هي أكثر القبائل نفوذاً سياسيا في الجمهورية اليمنية منذ سقوط الملكية عام 1962 وبعد الوحدة اليمنية تشكل هي وقبائل بكيل قسمي قبائل همدان اليمنية من عصور قديمة.
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| dbo:abstract | حاشد (خط المسند: )قبيلة يمنية قديمة من قبائل همدان وأقدم ذكر يشير إليها يعود للقرن الرابع قبل الميلاد. هي أكثر القبائل نفوذاً سياسيا في الجمهورية اليمنية منذ سقوط الملكية عام 1962 وبعد الوحدة اليمنية تشكل هي وقبائل بكيل قسمي قبائل همدان اليمنية من عصور قديمة. (ar) Els Haixid són una federació tribal, la més gran i important del Iemen. Viuen a les muntanyes del nord i nord-oest. El seu cap, xeic Abdullah ibn Husayn al-Ahmar, que va morir el 29 de desembre del 2007, fou una personalitat política molt important del Iemen. El seu ancestre tradicional fou Haixid, germà de Bakil, fills de Jashim ibn Jubran ibn Nawf Bin Tuba'a ibn Zayd ibn Amro ibn Hamdan. Els Banu Hamdan, dels que van sorgir, eren ja una tribu destacada al segle I i són esmentats a les inscripcions sabees, però els haixid i bakil ja existien abans del segle I. Al segle iii part de les tribus hamdan van emigrar i Síria i els haixid i bakil es van aliar llavors als himyarites. Quan Mahoma va enviar al Iemen a Khalid ibn al-Walid i va començar la islamització el 622, les tribus d'origen hamdan no hi van ser favorables; mentre les tibus de la Tihama i Nadjran acceptaven la nova religió, les tribus de les muntanyes es van mantenir contraris. Mahoma va enviar llavors al seu cosí Alí ibn Abi Tàlib, que fou més afortunat i va convertits a les tribus hamdanites. A la mort del Profeta aquestes trribus van restar musulmanes i no van participar en la Rida. Sota el califa Alí ibn Abi Tàlib, les tribus li van fer costat; després de la seva derrota i més tard la dels seus fills, no es van oposar als omeies ni van buscar l'aliança amb altres tribus alides. Posteriorment es va produir l'emigració cap al nord d'Àfrica i Hispània, però gran part de les tribus hamdanites va restar al Iemen i els haixid i els bakil van esdevenir els dos grups més importants aprofitant la sortida de les tribus nòmades més poderoses. Al començament del segle X les tribus hamdanites va convidar a l'imam al-Hadi Yahya ibn al-Hussain ibn al-Kasim (un membre dels alides hasànides) que es va establir a les muntanyes i va introduir el zaydisme, una forma moderada del xiïsme. La gran tribu hashim es va mostrar sempre hostil a qualsevol poder exterior, i mai es va deixar dominar completament pels otomans. L'Imam Yahya va voler sotmetre a les tribus i va fer diverses campanyes que van eliminar el poder de la major part d'aquestes, però no el dels haixid i bakil confederades (Haixid wa-Bakil). Aquestes van donar suport a la república però es van oposar a la limitació del seu poder, que encara conserven. (ca) Die Haschid-Stammeskonföderation (arabisch حاشد, DMG Ḥāšid) ist nach die zweitgrößte Stammeskonföderation im Jemen. Sie wurde von Abdallah ibn Husain al-Ahmar bis zu seinem Tod am 29. Dezember 2007 angeführt und wird derzeit (März 2011) von seinem Sohn Sadik al-Ahmar geleitet. Angehörige der Haschid-Stammeskonföderation leben hauptsächlich in den Bergen im Norden und im Nordwesten des Jemen. Der jemenitische Präsident Ali Abdullah Salih gehört dem Stamm an. Im Zuge der Proteste im Jemen 2011, forderte ihn Sadik al-Ahmar, in seiner Funktion als Stammesführer, am 21. März 2011 zum Rücktritt auf. Am 23. Mai kam es nahe dem Haus von Sadik al-Ahmar in , einem Stadtteil von Sanaa, zu heftigen Gefechten zwischen Angehörigen der Haschid und den Sicherheitskräften. (de) The Hashid (Arabic: حاشد; Musnad: 𐩢𐩦𐩵𐩣) is a tribal confederation in Yemen. It is the second or third largest – after Bakil and, depending on sources, Madh'hij – yet generally recognized as the strongest and most influential. According to medieval Yemeni genealogies, Hashid and Bakil were the sons of Jashim bin Jubran bin Nawf Bin Tuba'a bin Zayd bin Amr bin Hamdan. Member tribes of the Hashid Confederation are found primarily in the mountains in the North and Northwest of the country. In recent times, Hashid confederation had for decades been led by the powerful Abushawareb clan. The clan's influence was built on an alliance with the former President Ali Abdullah Saleh, who relied on a coalition with the most prominent leader of the Hashid tribal confederation, Sheikh Abdullah ibn Husayn al-Ahmar, to take power in 1978. Until his death on 29 December 2007, Sheikh Abdullah served as the Speaker of Parliament and was considered Yemen's second most powerful person after President Saleh (who, along with many others in the government, also is a member of a Hashid tribe). After Sheikh Abdullah's death, his son Sadiq inherited the leadership of the confederation, with other sons Hamid al-Ahmar, a prominent businessman and Yemeni opposition leader in the Muslim Brotherhood, and Himyar Al Ahmar, the former deputy speaker of parliament – becoming influential members. With the beginning of the Arab Spring, this new tribal leadership sided with the protesters and launched a Hashid insurgency, which played an essential role in the revolution against President Ali Abdullah Saleh in May 2011, culminating in the Battle of Sana'a and mass protests that eventually forced President Saleh to step down in February 2012 after 33 years in power. However, the resulting rift between the al-Ahmar clan and Saleh - who retained loyalty of some Hashid tribes - led to the divisions within the Hashid confederation. This, along with the suspension of financial support by Saudi Arabia over al-Ahmar's continued alliance with the Muslim Brotherhood, had contributed to their defeat in the ensuing conflict with the Houthis and led to the subsequent loss of Hashid leadership as many tribes (Bani Suraim, Usaimat, Uzer, etc.) reached a peace agreement or sided with the rebels. (en) Haxid Yemengo bigarren tribu konfederazio handiena da. Ali Abdullah Salehen aurkako matxinada egin zuen 2011n. (eu) Os Hashid são a segunda maior (e mais forte) federação tribal no Iêmen. Os membros da Confederação Hashid são encontrados principalmente nas montanhas do norte e noroeste do país. Foram liderados pelo Xeque até sua morte em 29 de dezembro de 2007 e são dirigidos desde então por seu filho Sadiq al-Ahmar. Sadiq lançou uma campanha de insurgência dos Hashid como parte da revolta de 2011 contra o presidente iemenita Ali Abdullah Saleh em maio de 2011, culminando na . (pt) |
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| dbp:branches | *Banu Suraim *Banu Kharif *Banu al-Asimat *Banu Eudhr *Banu Ghithan *Banu Qasim *Banu Arajila *Banu Yam **Banu Murra **Banu Ajam (en) |
| dbp:caption | Sadiq al-Aḥmar, Sheikh of all sheikhs of Hashid (en) |
| dbp:descended | Jashim ibn Jubran ibn Nawf ibn Tuba'a ibn Zayd ibn Amr ibn Hamdan (en) |
| dbp:ethnicity | dbr:Arab |
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| dbp:language | dbr:Arabic |
| dbp:location | dbr:Yemen |
| dbp:name | Hashid (en) |
| dbp:nisba | Al-Hāshidi (en) |
| dbp:parentTribe | dbr:Banu_Hamdan |
| dbp:religion | dbr:Islam |
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| rdfs:comment | حاشد (خط المسند: )قبيلة يمنية قديمة من قبائل همدان وأقدم ذكر يشير إليها يعود للقرن الرابع قبل الميلاد. هي أكثر القبائل نفوذاً سياسيا في الجمهورية اليمنية منذ سقوط الملكية عام 1962 وبعد الوحدة اليمنية تشكل هي وقبائل بكيل قسمي قبائل همدان اليمنية من عصور قديمة. (ar) Haxid Yemengo bigarren tribu konfederazio handiena da. Ali Abdullah Salehen aurkako matxinada egin zuen 2011n. (eu) Os Hashid são a segunda maior (e mais forte) federação tribal no Iêmen. Os membros da Confederação Hashid são encontrados principalmente nas montanhas do norte e noroeste do país. Foram liderados pelo Xeque até sua morte em 29 de dezembro de 2007 e são dirigidos desde então por seu filho Sadiq al-Ahmar. Sadiq lançou uma campanha de insurgência dos Hashid como parte da revolta de 2011 contra o presidente iemenita Ali Abdullah Saleh em maio de 2011, culminando na . (pt) Els Haixid són una federació tribal, la més gran i important del Iemen. Viuen a les muntanyes del nord i nord-oest. El seu cap, xeic Abdullah ibn Husayn al-Ahmar, que va morir el 29 de desembre del 2007, fou una personalitat política molt important del Iemen. L'Imam Yahya va voler sotmetre a les tribus i va fer diverses campanyes que van eliminar el poder de la major part d'aquestes, però no el dels haixid i bakil confederades (Haixid wa-Bakil). Aquestes van donar suport a la república però es van oposar a la limitació del seu poder, que encara conserven. (ca) Die Haschid-Stammeskonföderation (arabisch حاشد, DMG Ḥāšid) ist nach die zweitgrößte Stammeskonföderation im Jemen. Sie wurde von Abdallah ibn Husain al-Ahmar bis zu seinem Tod am 29. Dezember 2007 angeführt und wird derzeit (März 2011) von seinem Sohn Sadik al-Ahmar geleitet. Angehörige der Haschid-Stammeskonföderation leben hauptsächlich in den Bergen im Norden und im Nordwesten des Jemen. (de) The Hashid (Arabic: حاشد; Musnad: 𐩢𐩦𐩵𐩣) is a tribal confederation in Yemen. It is the second or third largest – after Bakil and, depending on sources, Madh'hij – yet generally recognized as the strongest and most influential. According to medieval Yemeni genealogies, Hashid and Bakil were the sons of Jashim bin Jubran bin Nawf Bin Tuba'a bin Zayd bin Amr bin Hamdan. Member tribes of the Hashid Confederation are found primarily in the mountains in the North and Northwest of the country. (en) |
| rdfs:label | حاشد (ar) Haixid (ca) Haschid-Stammeskonföderation (de) Hashid (en) Haxid (eu) Hashid (pt) |
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