| dbo:abstract |
Chinese records of comets are the most extensive and accurate in existence from the ancient and medieval periods, and stretch back across three millennia. Records exist at least as far back as 613 BC, and records may have been kept for many centuries before this. There are continuous records all the way through to the nineteenth century, using substantially consistent methods throughout. Chinese data accuracy is unsurpassed in the ancient world and was not overtaken by Western accuracy until the fifteenth century or, in some respects, not until the twentieth century. Comets were observed in great detail because of their astrological significance. However, these observations are now of great use to modern astronomers. Their accuracy is sufficient to allow the calculation of orbital elements, and modern astronomers have done this for many comets. Most notably, ancient orbits of Halley's Comet have been determined using Chinese records, a feat not possible solely from modern data due to a close approach of the comet to Earth in the ninth century. Such close approaches cause comet orbits to change abruptly, and ancient changes of this sort cannot be accurately modelled from the comet's present-day orbital data. (en) 中国的彗星观测记录是古代文明中乃至中世纪之前世界上对于彗星最为完备与精确的观测记录，其记述的历史甚至可以追溯到三千年以前。留存下来的记录文档则至少可以追溯到公元前613年，甚至其可能在此之前已经保存了数个世纪。这些记录的撰写者几乎一直使用同样的观测方法与记述手法，并将这个习惯保持到了19世纪。中国的彗星观测记录在数据的准确性上一直到15世纪才被西方超越，甚至在别的一些方面直到20世纪才被取代。 早期，彗星是由于其在占星术中的重要地位而被古代中国的天文学者详细观测，但时至今日，这些观测数据在现代天文学中依然发挥了至关重要的作用。观测记录中的数据精确到足以计算出彗星的轨道参数。值得注意的是，古代哈雷彗星的轨道便是通过中国的观测数据计算得出，由于其在9世纪接近过地球而使得其轨道突然发生改变，这些变化是现代天文学无法通过当今的数据建模推算得出的。 (zh) |
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http://mnras.oxfordjournals.org/content/197/3/633.short https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=_P6C4JO4JCUC&pg=PA151 http://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/abs/2002/20/aaeb073/aaeb073.html |
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medic (en) |
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May 2021 (en) |
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| rdfs:comment |
中国的彗星观测记录是古代文明中乃至中世纪之前世界上对于彗星最为完备与精确的观测记录，其记述的历史甚至可以追溯到三千年以前。留存下来的记录文档则至少可以追溯到公元前613年，甚至其可能在此之前已经保存了数个世纪。这些记录的撰写者几乎一直使用同样的观测方法与记述手法，并将这个习惯保持到了19世纪。中国的彗星观测记录在数据的准确性上一直到15世纪才被西方超越，甚至在别的一些方面直到20世纪才被取代。 早期，彗星是由于其在占星术中的重要地位而被古代中国的天文学者详细观测，但时至今日，这些观测数据在现代天文学中依然发挥了至关重要的作用。观测记录中的数据精确到足以计算出彗星的轨道参数。值得注意的是，古代哈雷彗星的轨道便是通过中国的观测数据计算得出，由于其在9世纪接近过地球而使得其轨道突然发生改变，这些变化是现代天文学无法通过当今的数据建模推算得出的。 (zh) Chinese records of comets are the most extensive and accurate in existence from the ancient and medieval periods, and stretch back across three millennia. Records exist at least as far back as 613 BC, and records may have been kept for many centuries before this. There are continuous records all the way through to the nineteenth century, using substantially consistent methods throughout. Chinese data accuracy is unsurpassed in the ancient world and was not overtaken by Western accuracy until the fifteenth century or, in some respects, not until the twentieth century. (en) |
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Historical comet observations in China (en) 中国的彗星观测记录 (zh) |
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