Hussein al-Musawi (original) (raw)
Husayn Al-Musawi (also Hussein Musawi) is a Lebanese who founded the now-dissolved pro-Iranian Islamist militia Islamic Amal in 1982. He was a Shia from Baalbek. Musawi was a "chemistry teacher turned militia commander" who became the deputy head and official spokesman of the Amal movement/party/militia, Lebanon's largest Shi'ite movement. Under his leadership, Islamic Amal captured the Lebanese Gendarmerie barracks in Baalbeck on November 21, 1982. The barracks were later used by the Iranian Islamic Revolutionary Guards Corps.
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| dbo:abstract | Husayn Al-Musawi (also Hussein Musawi) is a Lebanese who founded the now-dissolved pro-Iranian Islamist militia Islamic Amal in 1982. He was a Shia from Baalbek. Musawi was a "chemistry teacher turned militia commander" who became the deputy head and official spokesman of the Amal movement/party/militia, Lebanon's largest Shi'ite movement. On June 21, 1982, he defected from Amal to start the Islamic Amal splinter group, operating out of Baalbek, Lebanon. Musawi disapproved of Amal leader Nabih Berri's participation in the first session of the six-man Lebanese National Salvation Committee, his acceptance of "U.S. diplomatic efforts to end the Israeli siege of West Beirut, which was also Amal's strong hold," and his opposition to the pledging of pan-Islamic allegiance by Amal to Iranian Revolutionary Islamist leader Ayatollah Khomeini. Under his leadership, Islamic Amal captured the Lebanese Gendarmerie barracks in Baalbeck on November 21, 1982. The barracks were later used by the Iranian Islamic Revolutionary Guards Corps. Musawi was a strong supporter of Iran. Musawi's pro-Iranian position was in part a reflection of having been trained in Iran and having been one of the elite protégés of Mostafa Chamran, the Iranian Defense Minister who had worked in Lebanon with Amal before the Shah's overthrow. We are her [Iran's] children. We are seeking to formulate an Islamic society which in the final analysis will produce an Islamic state. ... The Islamic revolution will march to liberate Palestine and Jerusalem, and the Islamic state will then spread its authority over the region of which Lebanon is only a part.` Musawi was also a prominent member of Hezbollah (where he served on the consultative council.) When then French and American MNF peacekeeping force was attacked by suicide bombers killing over 300 he denied responsibility but expressed his admiration "I salute this good act, and I consider it a good deed and a legitimate right, and I bow to the spirits of the martyrs who carried out this operation" He is also reported to have been involved in the kidnapping of foreigners in Lebanon during the Lebanon Hostage Crisis, holding the victims in the village of Ras al-Ein, in the Beqaa Valley of East Lebanon. In 1986 Iranian officials pressured Husayn Al-Musawi to dissolve Islamic Amal. He refused. Others date Islamic Amal being subsumed by Hezbollah much earlier. Robin Wright says the two groups were "effectively becoming one under the Hizbollah label," by August 1983 when they infiltrate West Beirut's poor Shi'ite suburbs, while "by late 1984" Hezbollah "had absorbed" Islamic Amal along with "all the known major extremist groups." (en) Husayn Al-Musawi(en arabe : حسين الموسوي) est un homme politique libanais chiite, fondateur de la milice islamiste pro-iranienne Amal islamique, aujourd'hui dissoute. Musawi était un «professeur de chimie devenu commandant de milice» ; il est devenu le chef adjoint et le porte-parole officiel du mouvement / parti / milice Amal, le plus grand mouvement chiite du Liban . Le 21 juin 1982, il quitte le mouvement Amal pour fonder son propre groupe dissident, l'Amal islamique, opérant à Baalbek, au Liban. Musawi désapprouvait la participation du leader d'Amal Nabih Berri à la première session du Comité national libanais de salut, alors composé de six membres, son acceptation des «efforts diplomatiques américains pour mettre fin au siège israélien de Beyrouth-Ouest, qui était également sous forte emprise d'Amal» et son opposition au serment d'allégeance panislamique d'Amal au leader islamiste révolutionnaire iranien, l'ayatollah Khomeini. Le 21 novembre 1982, en pleine guerre civile libanaise, et sur ordre de Musawi, l'Amal Islamique envahit une caserne de la gendarmerie libanaise. Dominant la gendarmerie, il la soumet au Corps des Gardiens de la révolution islamique d'Iran. Musawi était un fervent partisan du régime iranien. La position pro-iranienne de Musawi reflétait en partie le fait d'avoir été formé en Iran et d'avoir été l'un des protégés d'élite de Mostafa Chamran, ministre iranien de la Défense qui avait collaboré au Liban avec Amal avant le renversement du Shah. Musawi était également un membre éminent du Hezbollah (où il siégeait au conseil consultatif). Lorsque les forces de maintien de la paix françaises et américaines de la FMN ont été attaquées par des kamikazes tuant plus de 300 personnes, il a nié toute responsabilité mais a cependant exprimé son admiration. Il fut également impliqué dans l'enlèvement d'étrangers au Liban pendant l'Affaire des otages du Liban, détenant les victimes dans le village de Ras al-Ein, dans la vallée de la Bekaa à l'est du Liban. En 1986, des responsables iraniens font pression sur Musawi pour qu'il dissolve l'Amal islamique, il refuse. D'autres indiquent que l'Amal islamique fut incorporé au Hezbollah beaucoup plus tôt. Selon la spécialiste américaine Robin Wright, les deux groupes "devenaient effectivement un sous l'étiquette du Hezbollah", en août 1983 lorsqu'ils infiltrèrent les banlieues chiites de Beyrouth Ouest. Tandis qu'"à la fin de l'année 1984" le Hezbollah "avait absorbé "Amal islamique avec tous les grands groupes extrémistes connus" (while "by late 1984" Hezbollah "had absorbed" Islamic Amal along with "all the known major extremist groups." ). (fr) |
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| rdfs:comment | Husayn Al-Musawi (also Hussein Musawi) is a Lebanese who founded the now-dissolved pro-Iranian Islamist militia Islamic Amal in 1982. He was a Shia from Baalbek. Musawi was a "chemistry teacher turned militia commander" who became the deputy head and official spokesman of the Amal movement/party/militia, Lebanon's largest Shi'ite movement. Under his leadership, Islamic Amal captured the Lebanese Gendarmerie barracks in Baalbeck on November 21, 1982. The barracks were later used by the Iranian Islamic Revolutionary Guards Corps. (en) Husayn Al-Musawi(en arabe : حسين الموسوي) est un homme politique libanais chiite, fondateur de la milice islamiste pro-iranienne Amal islamique, aujourd'hui dissoute. Musawi était un «professeur de chimie devenu commandant de milice» ; il est devenu le chef adjoint et le porte-parole officiel du mouvement / parti / milice Amal, le plus grand mouvement chiite du Liban . Il fut également impliqué dans l'enlèvement d'étrangers au Liban pendant l'Affaire des otages du Liban, détenant les victimes dans le village de Ras al-Ein, dans la vallée de la Bekaa à l'est du Liban. (fr) |
| rdfs:label | Hussein al-Musawi (en) Hussein al-Musawi (fr) |
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