John Sculley (original) (raw)
جون سكالي (بالإنجليزية: John Sculley) (و. 1939 م) هو شخصية أعمال أمريكي، ولد في نيويورك.
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| dbo:abstract | جون سكالي (بالإنجليزية: John Sculley) (و. 1939 م) هو شخصية أعمال أمريكي، ولد في نيويورك. (ar) John Sculley (* 9. April 1939 in New York City) ist ein US-amerikanischer Manager. Er war Vize-Präsident von Pepsi Cola USA und von 1983 bis 1993 Präsident und CEO von Apple Computer. (de) John Sculley (AEB 1939ko apirilaren 6a) PepsiCo konpainiako lehendakariordea eta ondoren, Apple Computereko lehendakaria eta izan zen. Gaur egun, izeneko inbertsioak egiteko enpresa baten bazkidea da. Sculley Estatu Batuetan jaio zen, baino jaio eta astebetera bere familia etxez aldatu zen Bermudatara. Ondoren, Brasil eta Europan ere biziko da. 14 urterekin koloreko izpi katodikodun tutua asmatu zuen, baina ezin izan zuen patentatu, Dr. Lawrencek antzeko asmakuntza bat patentatu baitzuen aste batzuk lehenago. Patente hau ondoren, Sonyk eskuratu zuen. Sculley diseinugile arkitektoniko bezala graduatu zen Brown Unibertsitatean eta MBA bat lortu zuen . (eu) John Sculley (Nueva York, 6 de abril de 1939), es un empresario estadounidense. Fue vicepresidente (1970–1977) y presidente (1977–1983) de la compañía PepsiCo, hasta que se convirtió en director ejecutivo de Apple Computer el 8 de abril de 1983, posición que mantuvo hasta 1993. Actualmente es socio de una empresa de inversiones llamada . Sus experiencias en PepsiCo y Apple Computer fueron narradas en el libro De Pepsi a Apple, que el propio Sculley escribió en colaboración con John A. Byrne, redactor de la revista "Business Week". (es) John Sculley III (born April 6, 1939) is an American businessman, entrepreneur and investor in high-tech startups. Sculley was vice-president (1970–1977) and president of PepsiCo (1977–1983), until he became chief executive officer (CEO) of Apple Inc. on April 8, 1983, a position he held until leaving in 1993. In May 1987, Sculley was named Silicon Valley's top-paid executive, with an annual salary of US$10.2 million. Sales at Apple increased from 800millionto800 million to 800millionto8 billion under Sculley's management, although many attribute his success to Sculley joining the company just when Steve Jobs' visions and Steve Wozniak's creations had become highly lucrative. His stint at Apple remains controversial due to his departure from co-founder Steve Jobs's sales structure, particularly regarding Sculley's decision to compete with IBM in selling computers to the same types of customers. Others say that the "two clashed over management styles and priorities, Jobs focusing on future innovation and Sculley more on current product lines and profitability". But Sculley ultimately was forced to step down as Apple CEO because he was opposed to licensing Macintosh software and was talking to Goldman Sachs about splitting Apple into two companies. When Sculley left in May 1993, Apple had 2billionincashand2 billion in cash and 2billionincashand200 million in debt. Sculley is recognized as an expert in marketing, in part because of his early successes at PepsiCo, notably his introduction of the Pepsi Challenge, which allowed the company to gain market share from primary rival Coca-Cola. He used similar marketing strategies throughout the 1980s and 1990s at Apple to mass-market Macintosh personal computers, and today he continues to speak and write about disruptive marketing strategies. Sculley is currently invested in and involved with a number of high-tech start-up companies, including 3CInteractive, Zeta Global, Inflexion Point, Mobeam, OpenPeak, x10 Credit, Pivot Acquisition Corp., nextSource and WorldMate. He is currently Chairman of the PeopleTicker and SkillsVillage. Jeff Daniels portrayed Sculley in the film Steve Jobs, Matthew Modine portrayed him in the 2013 film Jobs, and Allan Royal portrayed him in the 1999 TNT film Pirates of Silicon Valley. (en) John Sculley (né le 5 avril 1939 à New York) fut le PDG d'Apple de 1983 à 1993, engagé par Steve Jobs, où il succéda à Michael Scott et Mike Markkula. Il provoqua en 1985 le départ de Jobs de l'entreprise qu'il a cofondée, puis fut remplacé par Michael Spindler en 1994, puis Gil Amelio avant le retour de Steve Jobs en 1997. (fr) John Sculley (lahir 6 April 1939) adalah seorang pebisnis Amerika Serikat. Sculley menjabat sebagai wakil presiden (1970–1977) dan presiden PepsiCo (1977–1983) sampai ia menjadi CEO Apple pada tanggal 8 April 1983 sampai 1993. Sculley saat ini menjadi rekanan di Sculley Brothers, sebuah firma investasi swasta yang dibentuk tahun 1995. Ia dikenal karena kemampuan , terutama dalam pengenalan 'the ' di PepsiCo yang memungkinkan perusahaan memperoleh pangsa pasar pesaing utamanya, Coca Cola. Sculley memakai strategi pemasaran yang sama di Apple pada 1980-an dan 1990-an untuk memasarkan massal komputer pribadi Macintosh. Selama masa jabatannya, penjualan Apple meningkat dari 800jutamenjadi800 juta menjadi 800jutamenjadi8 miliar. Namun, kariernya di Apple masih kontroversial karena menolak struktur penjualan Steve Jobs, terutama mengenai keputusan Sculley bersaing dengan IBM dalam menjual komputer kepada jenis pelanggan yang sama. Ia akhirnya dipaksa keluar Apple tahun 1993 setelah margin perusahaan memburuk, penjualan menurun dan stok berkurang. Bulan Mei 1987, Sculley dinamai sebagai eksekutif bergaji tertinggi di Silicon Valley, dengan gaji tahunan US$2,2 juta. (in) 존 스컬리(영어: John Sculley, 1939년 4월 6일 ~ )는 미국의 실업가이다. 미국 애플(Apple)의 CEO로 근무하면서, 오늘날 스마트폰의 원형이 된 뉴턴 PDA를 개발했다. (ko) John Sculley (New York, 6 aprile 1939) è un dirigente d'azienda statunitense.È stato presidente della Pepsi Cola e, subito dopo, amministratore delegato di Apple Computer, a partire dall'8 aprile 1983. (it) ジョン・スカリー（John Sculley 、1939年4月6日 - ）はアメリカ合衆国の実業家。ペプシコ社長とApple Computerの社長、CEO、会長を歴任した。PDAという造語もつくった。 (ja) John Sculley (New York, 6 april 1939) is een Amerikaans zakenman. Hij was vicepresident van Pepsi en president-directeur van het computerbedrijf Apple. (nl) John Sculley, född 6 april 1939 i New York i New York, är en amerikansk företagsledare, VD för Pepsi-Cola 1977–1983 och för Apple Computer 1983–1993. John Sculley lät sig övertalas av Steve Jobs att börja arbeta för Apple Computer 1983. Det dröjde inte länge förrän John Sculley och Steve Jobs fick svårigheter att samarbeta vilket ledde till att Steve Jobs tvingades lämna Apple Computer 1985. På grund av en stadigt sjunkande lönsamhet tvingades även John Sculley med tiden lämna Apple Computer för att ersättas av Michael Spindler. (sv) John Sculley (6 de abril de 1939) é um executivo americano. Foi vice-presidente (1970–1977) e presidente (1977–1983) da PepsiCo, antes de se tornar CEO da Apple Inc. em 6 de abril de 1983, posição que ocupou até deixar o cargo em 1993. Sculley é atualmente parceiro da Sculley Brothers, uma firma de investimentos fundada em 1995. Ficou famoso pelas intrigas com Steve Jobs na década de 1980 que culminou com o seu afastamento da empresa, em 1985. Durante sua gestão, as vendas da Apple subiram de 800 milhões para 8 bilhões de dólares. No entanto, sua passagem pela Apple foi marcada por algumas controvérsias, primeiramente devido à saída do fundador Steve Jobs durante sua gestão e depois pela decisão de investir numa competição de mercado com a IBM na venda de computadores para uma linha especifica de clientes. Ele foi finalmente forçado a sair da Apple em 1993, deixando a empresa com problemas nas vendas e as ações declinadas. Conhecido por suas habilidades com marketing, especialmente em sua introdução do “” a Pepsico, que permitiu com que a empresa ganhasse parte do mercado da principal rival, a Coca Cola. Usou estratégias de marketing semelhantes ao longo dos anos 1980 e 1990 na Apple para o mercado de computadores Macintosh. Actualmente mora em Palm Beach, Flórida. (pt) Джон Скалли (англ. John Sculley, род. 6 апреля 1939) — американский бизнесмен. Скалли был вице-президентом (1970—1977) и президентом (1977—1983) компании PepsiCo. C 8 апреля 1983 года и до 1993 года был генеральным директором корпорации Apple. В мае 1987 года Скалли входил в Toп высокооплачиваемых руководителей, с годовой зарплатой в 2,2 млн долларов США. (ru) 约翰·斯卡利（John Sculley，1939年4月6日－），美国企业家。他曾任百事公司副总裁（1970年至1977年）、总裁（1977年至1983年），此后出任苹果公司首席执行官（1983年至1993年）。1987年5月，他以220万美元的年薪成为硅谷年薪最高的经理人。 1983年，喬布斯親自出馬，請來了百事可樂的約翰·斯卡利，那句著名的「你是想賣一輩子糖水，還是想要改變世界」就出自這裡。1983年4月，斯卡利上任蘋果CEO，随后双方产生矛盾，于1985年把乔布斯排挤出局。在他执掌苹果公司期间，公司的销售额从8亿美元上升至80亿美元。不过他也因为背离了公司创始人史蒂夫·乔布斯所定的销售结构，特别是他决定与IBM竞争相同的客户群体，从而受到争议。微軟於1990年推出Windows 3.0並取得巨大成功，相反，因史考利管理不力，從90年代開始，蘋果的市場份額快速下降。最终他于1993年因公司的利润、销量以及股票的下滑而被迫离开苹果公司。 目前，斯卡利是一家成立于1995年的私人投资公司——斯卡利兄弟（Sculley Brothers）的合伙人。他以其营销策略而知名，尤其是他在百事公司推出的“”（the Pepsi Challenge）活动，使公司得以从竞争对手可口可乐处获得市场份额。而他于1980年代与1990年代在苹果时也使用了类似的营销手段为麦金塔电脑扩大市场。 (zh) |
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| rdfs:comment | جون سكالي (بالإنجليزية: John Sculley) (و. 1939 م) هو شخصية أعمال أمريكي، ولد في نيويورك. (ar) John Sculley (* 9. April 1939 in New York City) ist ein US-amerikanischer Manager. Er war Vize-Präsident von Pepsi Cola USA und von 1983 bis 1993 Präsident und CEO von Apple Computer. (de) John Sculley (Nueva York, 6 de abril de 1939), es un empresario estadounidense. Fue vicepresidente (1970–1977) y presidente (1977–1983) de la compañía PepsiCo, hasta que se convirtió en director ejecutivo de Apple Computer el 8 de abril de 1983, posición que mantuvo hasta 1993. Actualmente es socio de una empresa de inversiones llamada . Sus experiencias en PepsiCo y Apple Computer fueron narradas en el libro De Pepsi a Apple, que el propio Sculley escribió en colaboración con John A. Byrne, redactor de la revista "Business Week". (es) John Sculley (né le 5 avril 1939 à New York) fut le PDG d'Apple de 1983 à 1993, engagé par Steve Jobs, où il succéda à Michael Scott et Mike Markkula. Il provoqua en 1985 le départ de Jobs de l'entreprise qu'il a cofondée, puis fut remplacé par Michael Spindler en 1994, puis Gil Amelio avant le retour de Steve Jobs en 1997. (fr) 존 스컬리(영어: John Sculley, 1939년 4월 6일 ~ )는 미국의 실업가이다. 미국 애플(Apple)의 CEO로 근무하면서, 오늘날 스마트폰의 원형이 된 뉴턴 PDA를 개발했다. (ko) John Sculley (New York, 6 aprile 1939) è un dirigente d'azienda statunitense.È stato presidente della Pepsi Cola e, subito dopo, amministratore delegato di Apple Computer, a partire dall'8 aprile 1983. (it) ジョン・スカリー（John Sculley 、1939年4月6日 - ）はアメリカ合衆国の実業家。ペプシコ社長とApple Computerの社長、CEO、会長を歴任した。PDAという造語もつくった。 (ja) John Sculley (New York, 6 april 1939) is een Amerikaans zakenman. Hij was vicepresident van Pepsi en president-directeur van het computerbedrijf Apple. (nl) John Sculley, född 6 april 1939 i New York i New York, är en amerikansk företagsledare, VD för Pepsi-Cola 1977–1983 och för Apple Computer 1983–1993. John Sculley lät sig övertalas av Steve Jobs att börja arbeta för Apple Computer 1983. Det dröjde inte länge förrän John Sculley och Steve Jobs fick svårigheter att samarbeta vilket ledde till att Steve Jobs tvingades lämna Apple Computer 1985. På grund av en stadigt sjunkande lönsamhet tvingades även John Sculley med tiden lämna Apple Computer för att ersättas av Michael Spindler. (sv) Джон Скалли (англ. John Sculley, род. 6 апреля 1939) — американский бизнесмен. Скалли был вице-президентом (1970—1977) и президентом (1977—1983) компании PepsiCo. C 8 апреля 1983 года и до 1993 года был генеральным директором корпорации Apple. В мае 1987 года Скалли входил в Toп высокооплачиваемых руководителей, с годовой зарплатой в 2,2 млн долларов США. (ru) 约翰·斯卡利（John Sculley，1939年4月6日－），美国企业家。他曾任百事公司副总裁（1970年至1977年）、总裁（1977年至1983年），此后出任苹果公司首席执行官（1983年至1993年）。1987年5月，他以220万美元的年薪成为硅谷年薪最高的经理人。 1983年，喬布斯親自出馬，請來了百事可樂的約翰·斯卡利，那句著名的「你是想賣一輩子糖水，還是想要改變世界」就出自這裡。1983年4月，斯卡利上任蘋果CEO，随后双方产生矛盾，于1985年把乔布斯排挤出局。在他执掌苹果公司期间，公司的销售额从8亿美元上升至80亿美元。不过他也因为背离了公司创始人史蒂夫·乔布斯所定的销售结构，特别是他决定与IBM竞争相同的客户群体，从而受到争议。微軟於1990年推出Windows 3.0並取得巨大成功，相反，因史考利管理不力，從90年代開始，蘋果的市場份額快速下降。最终他于1993年因公司的利润、销量以及股票的下滑而被迫离开苹果公司。 目前，斯卡利是一家成立于1995年的私人投资公司——斯卡利兄弟（Sculley Brothers）的合伙人。他以其营销策略而知名，尤其是他在百事公司推出的“”（the Pepsi Challenge）活动，使公司得以从竞争对手可口可乐处获得市场份额。而他于1980年代与1990年代在苹果时也使用了类似的营销手段为麦金塔电脑扩大市场。 (zh) John Sculley III (born April 6, 1939) is an American businessman, entrepreneur and investor in high-tech startups. Sculley was vice-president (1970–1977) and president of PepsiCo (1977–1983), until he became chief executive officer (CEO) of Apple Inc. on April 8, 1983, a position he held until leaving in 1993. In May 1987, Sculley was named Silicon Valley's top-paid executive, with an annual salary of US$10.2 million. (en) John Sculley (AEB 1939ko apirilaren 6a) PepsiCo konpainiako lehendakariordea eta ondoren, Apple Computereko lehendakaria eta izan zen. Gaur egun, izeneko inbertsioak egiteko enpresa baten bazkidea da. (eu) John Sculley (lahir 6 April 1939) adalah seorang pebisnis Amerika Serikat. Sculley menjabat sebagai wakil presiden (1970–1977) dan presiden PepsiCo (1977–1983) sampai ia menjadi CEO Apple pada tanggal 8 April 1983 sampai 1993. Sculley saat ini menjadi rekanan di Sculley Brothers, sebuah firma investasi swasta yang dibentuk tahun 1995. Ia dikenal karena kemampuan , terutama dalam pengenalan 'the ' di PepsiCo yang memungkinkan perusahaan memperoleh pangsa pasar pesaing utamanya, Coca Cola. Sculley memakai strategi pemasaran yang sama di Apple pada 1980-an dan 1990-an untuk memasarkan massal komputer pribadi Macintosh. Selama masa jabatannya, penjualan Apple meningkat dari 800jutamenjadi800 juta menjadi 800jutamenjadi8 miliar. Namun, kariernya di Apple masih kontroversial karena menolak struktur penjualan Steve Jobs, (in) John Sculley (6 de abril de 1939) é um executivo americano. Foi vice-presidente (1970–1977) e presidente (1977–1983) da PepsiCo, antes de se tornar CEO da Apple Inc. em 6 de abril de 1983, posição que ocupou até deixar o cargo em 1993. Sculley é atualmente parceiro da Sculley Brothers, uma firma de investimentos fundada em 1995. Ficou famoso pelas intrigas com Steve Jobs na década de 1980 que culminou com o seu afastamento da empresa, em 1985. Actualmente mora em Palm Beach, Flórida. (pt) |
| rdfs:label | جون سكالي (ar) John Sculley (de) John Sculley (es) John Sculley (eu) John Sculley (fr) John Sculley (in) John Sculley (it) John Sculley (en) 존 스컬리 (ko) ジョン・スカリー (ja) John Sculley (nl) John Sculley (pt) John Sculley (sv) Скалли, Джон (ru) 约翰·斯卡利 (zh) |
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