Joseph Weber (original) (raw)
جوزيف يبر (بالإنجليزية: Joseph Weber) (و. 1919 – 2000 م) هو فيزيائي، وأستاذ جامعي من الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية . ولد في باترسون . ويحمل رتبة عسكرية lieutenant commander .توفي في بيتسبرغ (بنسيلفانيا)، عن عمر يناهز 81 عاماً.
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| dbo:abstract | جوزيف يبر (بالإنجليزية: Joseph Weber) (و. 1919 – 2000 م) هو فيزيائي، وأستاذ جامعي من الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية . ولد في باترسون . ويحمل رتبة عسكرية lieutenant commander .توفي في بيتسبرغ (بنسيلفانيا)، عن عمر يناهز 81 عاماً. (ar) Joseph Weber (17. května 1919 Paterson, New Jersey – 30. září 2000 Pittsburgh, Pensylvánie) byl americký fyzik; první, který začal přednášet o principu laseru a maseru. Byl průkopníkem při hledání gravitačních vln a vyvinul k tomuto výzkumu jejich první detektor. (cs) Joseph Weber (27 maig 1919, Paterson, Nova Jersey, EUA - 30 setembre 2000, Pittsburgh, Pennsilvània, EUA) fou un destacat físic estatunidenc que treballà en el camp dels raigs làser i dissenyà el primer detector d'ones gravitacionals. Fill d'una família d'immigrant de l'est d'Europa el 1940 es graduà a l'Acadèmia Naval dels Estats Units i fou assignat al portaavions USS Lexington (CV-2). Sobrevisqué a l'atac d'avions japonesos que l'enfonsaren el 8 de maig de 1942, en la Batalla del Mar del Corall. Després comandà un submarí caçador i desembarcà a Sicília en la invasió d'Itàlia el 1943. S'encarregà del programa de l'Armada en contramesures electròniques i adquirí una gran experiència en comunicacions per ràdio i amb l'ús del radar. Acabada la guerra acceptà un lloc de professor a la Universitat de Maryland el 1948 i, mentre ensenyava allà, obtingué el doctorat en física a la Universitat Catòlica d'Amèrica el 1951. Gairebé al mateix temps, s'adonà que les molècules en un estat energètic excitat podrien amplificar la llum coherent, que és l'element crucial d'un làser. El 1972 es casà amb Virginia Trimble, astrònoma de la Universitat de Califòrnia a Irvine, i escriptora. Weber s'interessà per les ones gravitacionals predites per Albert Einstein el 1916 a partir del desenvolupament de la seva teoria de la relativitat. Els cataclismes còsmics, com ara el col·lapse d'una estrella o el xoc de dues estrelles, haurien d'emetre ones gravitacionals, que farien estirar i encongir l'espai, i tota la matèria, per allà on passessin. Per detectar-les dissenyà un experiment amb una barra d'alumini de més d'una tona. La barra fou suspesa per cables i aïllada de les vibracions. Els sensors a la barra detectarien una mena de ping induït per les ones gravitacionals a mesura que passassin. Tanmateix el seu detector no aconseguí detectar cap ona gravitacional. (ca) Joseph Weber (* 17. Mai 1919 in Paterson, New Jersey; † 30. September 2000 in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania) war ein US-amerikanischer Physiker, bekannt als Pionier von Gravitationswellenexperimenten und als einer der Pioniere des Lasers. (de) Joseph Weber (né le 17 mai 1919 à Paterson et mort le 30 septembre 2000 à Pittsburgh) est un physicien américain, célèbre en particulier pour avoir fabriqué le premier détecteur d'ondes gravitationnelles, aujourd'hui connu sous le nom de « barre de Weber. » Il est considéré comme le précurseur de la recherche des ondes gravitationnelles, bien que son expérience n'ait mené à aucune détection de son vivant. La première detection a eu lieu le 14 septembre 2015. On lui doit également l'idée d'utiliser l'interférométrie laser dans ce domaine : interféromètres Virgo, LIGO, LISA. (fr) Joseph Weber (May 17, 1919 – September 30, 2000) was an American physicist. He gave the earliest public lecture on the principles behind the laser and the maser and developed the first gravitational wave detectors (Weber bars). (en) Joseph Weber (Paterson, 17 de mayo de 1919 - 30 de septiembre de 2000) fue un físico estadounidense. Desarrolló el primer detector de ondas gravitacionales. (es) ジョセフ・ウェーバー（Joseph Weber、1919年5月17日 - 2000年9月30日）は、アメリカメリーランド大学カレッジパーク校の物理学名誉教授である。彼は、メーザーやレーザーの実用開発へと導いた量子エレクトロニクスの先駆者として知られる。 (ja) Joseph Weber (Paterson, 17 de maio de 1919 – Pittsburgh, 30 de setembro de 2000) foi um físico estadunidense. Apresentou a primeira palestra pública sobre os princípios por trás do laser e do maser, e desenvolveu os primeiros detectores de ondas gravitacionais. (pt) Джо́зеф Ве́бер (англ. Joseph Weber; 17 мая 1919 — 30 сентября 2000) — американский физик. Он дал первую известную публичную лекцию о принципах работы мазеров и лазеров, а также является пионером в попытках детектирования гравитационных волн. (ru) |
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| dbp:source | "Interview of Charles Misner by Christopher Smee," (en) 122019.0 (dbd:second) "Geons, Black Holes, and Quantum Foam: A Life in Physics," pp. 257-258. (en) |
| dbp:spouses | Anita Straus (en) Virginia Trimble (en) |
| dbp:text | Joe Weber was the first ... Following our work together in Leiden, he embraced gravitational waves with religious fervor and has pursued them for the rest of his professional career. I sometimes ask myself whether I imbued in Weber too great an enthusiasm for such a monumentally difficult task. Whether, in the end, he is the first to detect gravitational waves or whether someone else, or some other group does it, hardly matters. In fact, he will deserve the credit for leading the way. No one else had the courage to look for gravitational waves until Weber showed that it was within the realm of the possible. (en) 3.155766E8 (dbd:second) The whole gravitational wave community realizes that he's really the father of gravitational wave research. And I think the general feeling is that they regret that they didn't give him more honors towards the end of his life, because he was so convinced that he had already seen gravitational waves that every opportunity to honor him would be turned into some kind of springboard from which he would preach this gospel of "we've already seen it," which was widely rejected. Even the people who knew that they couldn't produce LIGO and other things if he were given too big a platform to say "it's not necessary because it's already been done" recognize that the whole effort would never have been started if he hadn't shown the world that you could take gravitational waves seriously. Before him nobody did. Einstein looked at them and dismissed them. So did other people. Said yes, they should be there but they can't be measured, so stop thinking about it. (en) |
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| rdfs:comment | جوزيف يبر (بالإنجليزية: Joseph Weber) (و. 1919 – 2000 م) هو فيزيائي، وأستاذ جامعي من الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية . ولد في باترسون . ويحمل رتبة عسكرية lieutenant commander .توفي في بيتسبرغ (بنسيلفانيا)، عن عمر يناهز 81 عاماً. (ar) Joseph Weber (17. května 1919 Paterson, New Jersey – 30. září 2000 Pittsburgh, Pensylvánie) byl americký fyzik; první, který začal přednášet o principu laseru a maseru. Byl průkopníkem při hledání gravitačních vln a vyvinul k tomuto výzkumu jejich první detektor. (cs) Joseph Weber (* 17. Mai 1919 in Paterson, New Jersey; † 30. September 2000 in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania) war ein US-amerikanischer Physiker, bekannt als Pionier von Gravitationswellenexperimenten und als einer der Pioniere des Lasers. (de) Joseph Weber (né le 17 mai 1919 à Paterson et mort le 30 septembre 2000 à Pittsburgh) est un physicien américain, célèbre en particulier pour avoir fabriqué le premier détecteur d'ondes gravitationnelles, aujourd'hui connu sous le nom de « barre de Weber. » Il est considéré comme le précurseur de la recherche des ondes gravitationnelles, bien que son expérience n'ait mené à aucune détection de son vivant. La première detection a eu lieu le 14 septembre 2015. On lui doit également l'idée d'utiliser l'interférométrie laser dans ce domaine : interféromètres Virgo, LIGO, LISA. (fr) Joseph Weber (May 17, 1919 – September 30, 2000) was an American physicist. He gave the earliest public lecture on the principles behind the laser and the maser and developed the first gravitational wave detectors (Weber bars). (en) Joseph Weber (Paterson, 17 de mayo de 1919 - 30 de septiembre de 2000) fue un físico estadounidense. Desarrolló el primer detector de ondas gravitacionales. (es) ジョセフ・ウェーバー（Joseph Weber、1919年5月17日 - 2000年9月30日）は、アメリカメリーランド大学カレッジパーク校の物理学名誉教授である。彼は、メーザーやレーザーの実用開発へと導いた量子エレクトロニクスの先駆者として知られる。 (ja) Joseph Weber (Paterson, 17 de maio de 1919 – Pittsburgh, 30 de setembro de 2000) foi um físico estadunidense. Apresentou a primeira palestra pública sobre os princípios por trás do laser e do maser, e desenvolveu os primeiros detectores de ondas gravitacionais. (pt) Джо́зеф Ве́бер (англ. Joseph Weber; 17 мая 1919 — 30 сентября 2000) — американский физик. Он дал первую известную публичную лекцию о принципах работы мазеров и лазеров, а также является пионером в попытках детектирования гравитационных волн. (ru) Joseph Weber (27 maig 1919, Paterson, Nova Jersey, EUA - 30 setembre 2000, Pittsburgh, Pennsilvània, EUA) fou un destacat físic estatunidenc que treballà en el camp dels raigs làser i dissenyà el primer detector d'ones gravitacionals. (ca) |
| rdfs:label | جوزيف يبر (ar) Joseph Weber (ca) Joseph Weber (cs) Joseph Weber (Physiker) (de) Joseph Weber (es) Joseph Weber (fr) Joseph Weber (en) ジョセフ・ウェーバー (ja) Вебер, Джозеф (ru) Joseph Weber (pt) |
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