Labouchere Amendment (original) (raw)
Поправка Лабушера (англ. Labouchere Amendment) — распространённое название раздела 11 английского Акта 1885 года о поправках к уголовному законодательству, который расширял возможности судов по привлечению к ответственности гомосексуалов. Названа по имени предложившего её Генри Лабушера. Поправка была отменена после принятия Акта о половых преступлениях 1967 года, который частично декриминализовал гомосексуальность.
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| dbo:abstract | Section 11 of the Criminal Law Amendment Act 1885, commonly known as the Labouchere Amendment, made "gross indecency" a crime in the United Kingdom. In practice, the law was used broadly to prosecute male homosexuals where actual sodomy (meaning, in this context, anal intercourse) could not be proven. The penalty of life imprisonment for sodomy (until 1861 it had been death) was also so harsh that successful prosecutions were rare. The new law was much more enforceable. It was also meant to raise the age of consent for heterosexual intercourse. Section 11 was repealed and re-enacted by section 13 of the Sexual Offences Act 1956, which in turn was repealed by the Sexual Offences Act 1967, which partially decriminalised male homosexual behaviour. Most famously, Oscar Wilde was convicted under section 11 and sentenced to two years' hard labour, and Alan Turing was convicted under it and sentenced to oestrogen injections (chemical castration) as an alternative to prison. (en) L'article 11 du Criminal Law Amendment Act 1885, communément connu sous le nom d'Amendement Labouchere, a fait de la « grossière indécence » un (en). Dans la pratique, la loi a été largement utilisée pour poursuivre les homosexuels masculins lorsque la sodomie réelle (c'est-à-dire, dans ce contexte, les rapports sexuels anaux) ne pouvait être prouvée. La peine d'emprisonnement à perpétuité pour sodomie (jusqu'en 1861, c'était la mort) était également si sévère que les poursuites réussies étaient rares. La nouvelle loi était beaucoup plus applicable. Il visait également à relever l'âge du consentement aux rapports hétérosexuels. L'article 11 a été (en) par l'article 13 de la loi de 1956 sur les infractions sexuelles ( (en)), qui à son tour a été abrogée par la loi de 1967 sur les infractions sexuelles, qui a partiellement décriminalisé les relations homosexuelles masculines. Oscar Wilde a été reconnu coupable en vertu de l'article 11 et condamné à deux ans de travaux forcés, et Alan Turing a été reconnu coupable en vertu de cet article et condamné à des injections d' œstrogènes (castration chimique) comme alternative à la prison. Il s'est suicidé pour échapper à la sentence. (fr) Поправка Лабушера (англ. Labouchere Amendment) — распространённое название раздела 11 английского Акта 1885 года о поправках к уголовному законодательству, который расширял возможности судов по привлечению к ответственности гомосексуалов. Названа по имени предложившего её Генри Лабушера. Поправка была отменена после принятия Акта о половых преступлениях 1967 года, который частично декриминализовал гомосексуальность. (ru) 拉布謝爾修正案（英語：Labouchere Amendment），即英國《》第11條，該修正案將“”在英國定為。在司法實踐中，該條款被廣泛應用於起訴那些無法證明實際雞姦（即“肛交”）的男同性戀者。針對雞姦的刑罰為終身監禁，而在1861年之前甚至可以判處死刑。因為雞姦罪的處罰相當嚴厲，這導致成功起訴的案例非常少。相對比，新條款的執行力度要強得多。同時，該條款還旨在提高異性性行為的同意年齡。拉布謝爾修正案被《1956年性犯罪法》中的第13條；而該法隨後又被《》廢止，而新法部分將男同性戀性行為給無罪化。 依據拉布謝爾修正案而被判刑的人士當中，最知名的就是奧斯卡·王爾德和艾倫·圖靈。王爾德依據被條款被判處兩年；而圖靈則選擇服用雌激素（化學閹割）來替代監禁。 (zh) |
| dbo:wikiPageExternalLink | https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Ari_Adut/publication/7525127_A_Theory_of_Scandal_Victorians_Homosexuality_and_the_Fall_of_Oscar_Wilde/links/5899e4a3aca2721f0db11941/A-Theory-of-Scandal-Victorians-Homosexuality-and-the-Fall-of-Oscar-Wilde.pdf http://www.glbtq.com/social-sciences/labouchere_amendment.html%7Curl-status=dead%7Carchive-url=https:/web.archive.org/web/20120413054502/http:/www.glbtq.com/social-sciences/labouchere_amendment.html%7Carchive-date=2012-04-13 |
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| rdfs:comment | Поправка Лабушера (англ. Labouchere Amendment) — распространённое название раздела 11 английского Акта 1885 года о поправках к уголовному законодательству, который расширял возможности судов по привлечению к ответственности гомосексуалов. Названа по имени предложившего её Генри Лабушера. Поправка была отменена после принятия Акта о половых преступлениях 1967 года, который частично декриминализовал гомосексуальность. (ru) 拉布謝爾修正案（英語：Labouchere Amendment），即英國《》第11條，該修正案將“”在英國定為。在司法實踐中，該條款被廣泛應用於起訴那些無法證明實際雞姦（即“肛交”）的男同性戀者。針對雞姦的刑罰為終身監禁，而在1861年之前甚至可以判處死刑。因為雞姦罪的處罰相當嚴厲，這導致成功起訴的案例非常少。相對比，新條款的執行力度要強得多。同時，該條款還旨在提高異性性行為的同意年齡。拉布謝爾修正案被《1956年性犯罪法》中的第13條；而該法隨後又被《》廢止，而新法部分將男同性戀性行為給無罪化。 依據拉布謝爾修正案而被判刑的人士當中，最知名的就是奧斯卡·王爾德和艾倫·圖靈。王爾德依據被條款被判處兩年；而圖靈則選擇服用雌激素（化學閹割）來替代監禁。 (zh) Section 11 of the Criminal Law Amendment Act 1885, commonly known as the Labouchere Amendment, made "gross indecency" a crime in the United Kingdom. In practice, the law was used broadly to prosecute male homosexuals where actual sodomy (meaning, in this context, anal intercourse) could not be proven. The penalty of life imprisonment for sodomy (until 1861 it had been death) was also so harsh that successful prosecutions were rare. The new law was much more enforceable. It was also meant to raise the age of consent for heterosexual intercourse. Section 11 was repealed and re-enacted by section 13 of the Sexual Offences Act 1956, which in turn was repealed by the Sexual Offences Act 1967, which partially decriminalised male homosexual behaviour. (en) L'article 11 du Criminal Law Amendment Act 1885, communément connu sous le nom d'Amendement Labouchere, a fait de la « grossière indécence » un (en). Dans la pratique, la loi a été largement utilisée pour poursuivre les homosexuels masculins lorsque la sodomie réelle (c'est-à-dire, dans ce contexte, les rapports sexuels anaux) ne pouvait être prouvée. La peine d'emprisonnement à perpétuité pour sodomie (jusqu'en 1861, c'était la mort) était également si sévère que les poursuites réussies étaient rares. La nouvelle loi était beaucoup plus applicable. Il visait également à relever l'âge du consentement aux rapports hétérosexuels. L'article 11 a été (en) par l'article 13 de la loi de 1956 sur les infractions sexuelles ( (en)), qui à son tour a été abrogée par la loi de 1967 sur les infracti (fr) |
| rdfs:label | Amendement Labouchere (fr) Labouchere Amendment (en) Поправка Лабушера (ru) 拉布谢尔修正案 (zh) |
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