Medicine Lodge Treaty (original) (raw)
Der Vertrag von Medicine Lodge ist ein im Jahre 1867 verhandelter Vertrag zwischen den Vereinigten Staaten und den Indianerstämmen der Crow, Blackfoot, Piegan, Gros Ventres, Sioux, Ponca, Cheyenne, Arapaho, Apachen, Kiowa und Comanche. Obgleich von dem Vertrag meistens im Singular gesprochen wird, bestand er eigentlich aus drei separaten Verträgen, die alle drei im Oktober 1867 unterzeichnet wurden. Der Vertrag teilte den Stämmen bestimmte Reservate zur landwirtschaftlichen Nutzung zu und gestattete ihnen auch, diese zur Jagd zu verlassen. Letztere Klausel wurde bereits 1868 von der US-Regierung außer Kraft gesetzt. Der Vertrag wurde am Ufer am namensgebenden Medicine Lodge River in der Nähe der heutigen Stadt Medicine Lodge im US-Bundesstaat Kansas unterzeichnet.
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| dbo:abstract | Der Vertrag von Medicine Lodge ist ein im Jahre 1867 verhandelter Vertrag zwischen den Vereinigten Staaten und den Indianerstämmen der Crow, Blackfoot, Piegan, Gros Ventres, Sioux, Ponca, Cheyenne, Arapaho, Apachen, Kiowa und Comanche. Obgleich von dem Vertrag meistens im Singular gesprochen wird, bestand er eigentlich aus drei separaten Verträgen, die alle drei im Oktober 1867 unterzeichnet wurden. Der Vertrag teilte den Stämmen bestimmte Reservate zur landwirtschaftlichen Nutzung zu und gestattete ihnen auch, diese zur Jagd zu verlassen. Letztere Klausel wurde bereits 1868 von der US-Regierung außer Kraft gesetzt. Der Vertrag wurde am Ufer am namensgebenden Medicine Lodge River in der Nähe der heutigen Stadt Medicine Lodge im US-Bundesstaat Kansas unterzeichnet. (de) Le traité de Medicine Lodge regroupe sous son appellation trois traités signés en octobre 1867 entre les États-Unis et plusieurs peuples amérindiens du Sud des Grandes Plaines. Le but de ces traités était d'assurer la paix dans la région en déplaçant les tribus concernées dans des réserves en Territoire indien (actuel Oklahoma). Le premier traité fut signé le 21 octobre 1867 avec les Kiowas et les Comanches. Le second, avec les Kiowa-Apaches, fut signé le même jour et le troisième, avec les Cheyennes et les Arapahos fut signé une semaine plus tard. (fr) The Medicine Lodge Treaty is the overall name for three treaties signed near Medicine Lodge, Kansas, between the Federal government of the United States and southern Plains Indian tribes in October 1867, intended to bring peace to the area by relocating the Native Americans to reservations in Indian Territory and away from European-American settlement. The treaty was negotiated after investigation by the Indian Peace Commission, which in its final report in 1868 concluded that the wars had been preventable. They determined that the United States government and its representatives, including the United States Congress, had contributed to the warfare on the Great Plains by failing to fulfill their legal obligations and to treat the Native Americans with honesty. The U.S. government and tribal chiefs met at a place traditional for Native American ceremonies, at their request. The first treaty was signed October 21, 1867, with the Kiowa and Comanche tribes. The second, with the Kiowa-Apache, was signed the same day. The third treaty was signed with the Southern Cheyenne and Arapaho on October 28. Under the Medicine Lodge Treaty, the tribes were assigned reservations of diminished size compared to territories defined in an 1865 treaty. The treaty tribes never ratified the treaty by vote of adult males, as it required. In addition, by changing allotment policy under the Dawes Act and authorizing sales under the and the signed with the Cherokee Commission, the Congress effectively further reduced their reservation territory. The Kiowa chief Lone Wolf filed suit against the government for fraud on behalf of the tribes in Lone Wolf v. Hitchcock. In 1903 the U.S. Supreme Court ruled against the tribes, determining that the Congress had "plenary power" and the political right to make such decisions. In the aftermath of that case, Congress acted unilaterally on land decisions related to other reservations as well. Because of the outstanding issues with the treaty and subsequent government actions, in the mid-20th century, the Kiowa, Arapaho and Comanche filed several suits for claims against the U.S. government. Over decades, they won substantial settlements of monetary compensation in the amount of tens of millions of dollars, although it took years for the cases to be resolved. (en) Trattato di Medicine Lodge (in inglese Medicine Lodge Treaty) è il nome globale dato a tre trattati firmati vicino a Medicine Lodge, in Kansas, tra il governo federale degli Stati Uniti e le tribù indiane delle pianure meridionali, nell'ottobre 1867, intesi a portare la pace nell'area trasferendo i nativi americani nelle riserve del Territorio indiano e lontano dagli insediamenti europei-americani. Il trattato fu negoziato dopo un'indagine da parte della Commissione per la pace indiana, che nel suo rapporto finale, nel 1868, concluse che le guerre erano state prevenibili. Venne stabilito che il governo degli Stati Uniti e i suoi rappresentanti, incluso il Congresso degli Stati Uniti, avevano contribuito alla guerra nelle Grandi Pianure non adempiendo ai loro obblighi legali e non trattando i nativi americani con onestà. Il governo degli Stati Uniti e i capi tribù si incontrarono in un luogo tradizionale per le cerimonie dei nativi americani, su loro richiesta. Il primo trattato fu firmato il 21 ottobre 1867 con le tribù Kiowa e Comanche. Il secondo, con i Kiowa-Apache, venne firmato lo stesso giorno. Il terzo con i Cheyenne meridionali e gli Arapaho il 28 ottobre. In base al Trattato d Medicine Lodge, alle tribù furono assegnate riserve di dimensioni ridotte rispetto ai territori definiti nel Trattato del Little Arkansas del 1865 che le tribù non avevano mai ratificato con il voto dei maschi adulti, come richiesto. Inoltre, veniva modificata la politica di assegnazione ai sensi del Dawes Act e autorizzate le vendite ai sensi dell'Accordo con Cheyenne e Arapaho (1890) e con Comanche, Kiowa e Apache (1892) firmato con la Commissione Cherokee. Il Congresso ridusse ulteriormente il loro territorio di riserva. Il capo Kiowa, Lupo Solitario, intentò una causa contro il governo per frode a nome delle tribù in Lone Wolf v. Hitchcock. Nel 1903 la Corte Suprema degli Stati Uniti si pronunciò contro le tribù, stabilendo che il Congresso aveva "potere plenario" e il diritto politico di prendere tali decisioni. All'indomani di quel caso, il Congresso agì unilateralmente anche sulle decisioni sulla terra relative ad altre riserve. A causa delle questioni in sospeso con il trattato e le successive azioni del governo, a metà del XX secolo, Kiowa, Arapaho e Comanche intentarono diverse cause contro il governo degli Stati Uniti. Nel corso dei decenni, ottennero sostanziali risarcimenti monetari per un importo di decine di milioni di dollari, sebbene ci siano voluti anni prima che i casi venissero risolti. (it) |
| dbo:thumbnail | wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Council_at_Medicine_Lodge_Creek.png?width=300 |
| dbo:wikiPageExternalLink | https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=esuewT_lSwwC&dq=%22the+battle+of+the+washita%22+hoig&printsec=frontcover&source=web&ots=avQxt-3IkB&sig=8mxP1c5ZAyeLy82ltH6obQISgqU https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=ftb3spzLngkC&pg=PP1&ots=t-Ef7-iVMf&dq=ISBN0811700194&sig=f472coHiyy70p1pdsdcEgnidaZU https://web.archive.org/web/20090629043849/http:/digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/che0984.htm https://web.archive.org/web/20101230015507/http:/digital.library.okstate.edu/Chronicles/v002/v002p098.html https://web.archive.org/web/20111126182821/http:/digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/kio0977.htm http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/kio0982.htm http://facweb.furman.edu/~benson/docs/peace.htm |
| dbo:wikiPageID | 395328 (xsd:integer) |
| dbo:wikiPageLength | 28807 (xsd:nonNegativeInteger) |
| dbo:wikiPageRevisionID | 1118525739 (xsd:integer) |
| dbo:wikiPageWikiLink | dbr:Canadian_River dbr:7th_Cavalry_Regiment_(United_States) dbr:Rosebud_Indian_Reservation dbr:Sand_Creek_massacre dbr:National_Historic_Landmark dbr:Barney_Phillips dbr:Black_Kettle dbr:Brigadier_general_(United_States) dbr:Dawes_Act dbr:Death_Valley_Days dbr:Anthology_series dbc:Apache dbc:Native_American_history_of_Kansas dbr:Rio_Grande dbr:United_States_Congress dbr:United_States_Secretary_of_the_Interior dbr:United_States_Senate dbr:United_States_v._Kagama dbr:Indian_Claims_Commission dbr:Indian_reservation dbr:Indian_treaties dbr:Satank dbr:Satanta_(White_Bear) dbc:Comanche_campaign dbr:Colonel_(United_States) dbr:Court_martial dbr:Medicine_Lodge,_Kansas dbr:Medicine_Lodge_Peace_Treaty_Site dbr:Cherokee_Commission dbr:William_T._Sherman dbr:Christopher_C._Augur dbr:Gatling_guns dbr:George_Armstrong_Custer dbr:Great_Plains dbr:Plains_indians dbc:1867_in_the_United_States dbc:United_States_and_Native_American_treaties dbr:Arapaho dbc:Indigenous_peoples_of_the_Great_Plains dbr:Lieutenant_general_(United_States) dbr:Lone_Wolf_v._Hitchcock dbr:Major_general_(United_States) dbr:Stanley_Andrews dbr:Comanche dbr:Fraud dbr:Horseback_(Comanche) dbr:Plenary_power dbr:Samuel_F._Tappan dbr:Washington,_D.C. dbr:Wild_Bill_Hickok dbr:William_S._Harney dbr:Winfield_Scott_Hancock dbr:Dog_Soldiers dbr:Cimarron_River_(Arkansas_River) dbr:Lawsuit dbr:Lone_Wolf_the_Younger dbr:Great_Father dbr:Oglala_Lakota dbr:Alfred_A._Taylor dbc:Arapaho dbc:Cheyenne_tribe dbr:Federal_government_of_the_United_States dbr:Fort_Harker_(Kansas) dbr:Fort_Leavenworth dbr:Historian dbr:Guy_Madison dbr:Harper's_Weekly dbc:Kiowa dbr:Ten_Bears dbr:Texas dbr:Arkansas_River dbc:1867_treaties dbr:John_B._Henderson dbr:John_B._Sanborn dbr:Kicking_Bird dbr:Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States dbr:Platte_River dbr:Indian_Peace_Commission dbr:Indian_Territory dbr:Kiowa dbr:Nathaniel_Green_Taylor dbr:Native_Americans_in_the_United_States dbr:Oklahoma dbr:Ratification dbr:Red_Cloud dbr:Sioux dbr:Little_Arkansas_Treaty dbr:Little_Rock_(Cheyenne_chief) dbr:Nathaniel_G._Taylor dbr:Television_syndication dbr:Commissioner_of_Indian_Affairs dbr:Northern_Cheyenne dbr:St._Louis,_Missouri dbr:Southern_Cheyenne dbr:Kiowa-Apache dbr:Alfred_H._Terry dbr:US_Supreme_Court dbr:Fort_Larned dbr:Reporters dbr:Peace_Commission dbr:Ute_tribe dbr:Chief_Little_Raven dbr:Agreement_with_the_Cheyenne_and_Arapaho_(1890) dbr:Hancock_expedition dbr:Joel_H._Elliott dbr:Agreement_with_the_Comanche,_Kiowa_and_Apache_(1892) dbr:Bull_Bear dbr:Stumbling_Bear |
| dbp:caption | Council at Medicine Lodge Creek, drawing from Harper's Weekly (en) |
| dbp:dateSigned | 1867-10-21 (xsd:date) 1867-10-28 (xsd:date) |
| dbp:footnotes | 0001-06-06 (xsd:gMonthDay) |
| dbp:locationSigned | dbr:Medicine_Lodge_Peace_Treaty_Site |
| dbp:signatories | * * Kiowa * Comanche * * Kiowa-Apache * * Southern Cheyenne * Arapaho (en) |
| dbp:wikiPageUsesTemplate | dbt:Cn dbt:Convert dbt:Div_col dbt:Div_col_end dbt:Flag dbt:Flagicon_image dbt:ISBN dbt:Main dbt:Quote dbt:Reflist dbt:Short_description dbt:Start_date dbt:USStat dbt:Use_mdy_dates dbt:Infobox_treaty dbt:Wikisource_inline |
| dcterms:subject | dbc:Apache dbc:Native_American_history_of_Kansas dbc:Comanche_campaign dbc:1867_in_the_United_States dbc:United_States_and_Native_American_treaties dbc:Indigenous_peoples_of_the_Great_Plains dbc:Arapaho dbc:Cheyenne_tribe dbc:Kiowa dbc:1867_treaties |
| gold:hypernym | dbr:Name |
| rdf:type | yago:WikicatNationalHistoricLandmarksInKansas yago:WikicatUnitedStatesAndNativeAmericanTreaties yago:AdministrativeDistrict108491826 yago:District108552138 yago:Landmark108624891 yago:Location100027167 yago:Object100002684 yago:PhysicalEntity100001930 yago:Point108620061 yago:Position108621598 yago:Region108630985 yago:YagoGeoEntity yago:YagoLegalActorGeo yago:YagoPermanentlyLocatedEntity |
| rdfs:comment | Der Vertrag von Medicine Lodge ist ein im Jahre 1867 verhandelter Vertrag zwischen den Vereinigten Staaten und den Indianerstämmen der Crow, Blackfoot, Piegan, Gros Ventres, Sioux, Ponca, Cheyenne, Arapaho, Apachen, Kiowa und Comanche. Obgleich von dem Vertrag meistens im Singular gesprochen wird, bestand er eigentlich aus drei separaten Verträgen, die alle drei im Oktober 1867 unterzeichnet wurden. Der Vertrag teilte den Stämmen bestimmte Reservate zur landwirtschaftlichen Nutzung zu und gestattete ihnen auch, diese zur Jagd zu verlassen. Letztere Klausel wurde bereits 1868 von der US-Regierung außer Kraft gesetzt. Der Vertrag wurde am Ufer am namensgebenden Medicine Lodge River in der Nähe der heutigen Stadt Medicine Lodge im US-Bundesstaat Kansas unterzeichnet. (de) Le traité de Medicine Lodge regroupe sous son appellation trois traités signés en octobre 1867 entre les États-Unis et plusieurs peuples amérindiens du Sud des Grandes Plaines. Le but de ces traités était d'assurer la paix dans la région en déplaçant les tribus concernées dans des réserves en Territoire indien (actuel Oklahoma). Le premier traité fut signé le 21 octobre 1867 avec les Kiowas et les Comanches. Le second, avec les Kiowa-Apaches, fut signé le même jour et le troisième, avec les Cheyennes et les Arapahos fut signé une semaine plus tard. (fr) The Medicine Lodge Treaty is the overall name for three treaties signed near Medicine Lodge, Kansas, between the Federal government of the United States and southern Plains Indian tribes in October 1867, intended to bring peace to the area by relocating the Native Americans to reservations in Indian Territory and away from European-American settlement. The treaty was negotiated after investigation by the Indian Peace Commission, which in its final report in 1868 concluded that the wars had been preventable. They determined that the United States government and its representatives, including the United States Congress, had contributed to the warfare on the Great Plains by failing to fulfill their legal obligations and to treat the Native Americans with honesty. (en) Trattato di Medicine Lodge (in inglese Medicine Lodge Treaty) è il nome globale dato a tre trattati firmati vicino a Medicine Lodge, in Kansas, tra il governo federale degli Stati Uniti e le tribù indiane delle pianure meridionali, nell'ottobre 1867, intesi a portare la pace nell'area trasferendo i nativi americani nelle riserve del Territorio indiano e lontano dagli insediamenti europei-americani. Il trattato fu negoziato dopo un'indagine da parte della Commissione per la pace indiana, che nel suo rapporto finale, nel 1868, concluse che le guerre erano state prevenibili. Venne stabilito che il governo degli Stati Uniti e i suoi rappresentanti, incluso il Congresso degli Stati Uniti, avevano contribuito alla guerra nelle Grandi Pianure non adempiendo ai loro obblighi legali e non trattando (it) |
| rdfs:label | Vertrag von Medicine Lodge (de) Trattato di Medicine Lodge (it) Traité de Medicine Lodge (fr) Medicine Lodge Treaty (en) |
| owl:sameAs | freebase:Medicine Lodge Treaty yago-res:Medicine Lodge Treaty wikidata:Medicine Lodge Treaty dbpedia-de:Medicine Lodge Treaty dbpedia-fr:Medicine Lodge Treaty dbpedia-fy:Medicine Lodge Treaty dbpedia-it:Medicine Lodge Treaty https://global.dbpedia.org/id/ZDda |
| prov:wasDerivedFrom | wikipedia-en:Medicine_Lodge_Treaty?oldid=1118525739&ns=0 |
| foaf:depiction | wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Blank_flag.svg wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Council_at_Medicine_Lodge_Creek.png wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Flag_of_Arapaho_Nation.svg wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Flag_of_Northern_Cheyenne.svg wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Flag_of_the_Comanche_Nation.svg |
| foaf:isPrimaryTopicOf | wikipedia-en:Medicine_Lodge_Treaty |
| is dbo:wikiPageDisambiguates of | dbr:Medicine_Lodge |
| is dbo:wikiPageRedirects of | dbr:Treaty_of_Medicine_Lodge dbr:Treaty_of_Medicine_Lodge_Creek dbr:Medicine_Lodge_Peace_Treaty |
| is dbo:wikiPageWikiLink of | dbr:Sand_Creek_massacre dbr:Satanta_(Kiowa_leader) dbr:List_of_United_States_treaties dbr:Barney_Phillips dbr:Battle_of_Washita_River dbr:Battle_of_Yellow_House_Canyon dbr:Battle_of_the_Saline_River dbr:Black_Kettle dbr:Blockhouse_on_Signal_Mountain_(Oklahoma) dbr:Denver dbr:Little_Raven_(Arapaho_leader) dbr:Verden,_Oklahoma dbr:Indian_Appropriations_Act dbr:October_21 dbr:Outline_of_United_States_federal_Indian_law_and_policy dbr:Timeline_of_the_American_Old_West dbr:Comanche_Wars dbr:Comanche_campaign dbr:Medicine_Lodge,_Kansas dbr:Medicine_Lodge_Peace_Treaty_Site dbr:Cheyenne_and_Arapaho_Indian_Reservation dbr:Cheyenne_and_Arapaho_Tribes dbr:Chief_Niwot dbr:1867 dbr:1867_in_the_United_States dbr:George_Bent dbr:Grandfield,_Oklahoma dbr:Moses_K._Armstrong dbr:Mow-way dbr:Arapaho dbr:Lone_Wolf_v._Hitchcock dbr:Comanche_County,_Oklahoma dbr:Samuel_F._Tappan dbr:Treaty_of_Bosque_Redondo dbr:Treaty_of_Fort_Laramie_(1868) dbr:Walters,_Oklahoma dbr:William_S._Harney dbr:William_Tecumseh_Sherman dbr:June_1900 dbr:List_of_American_Indian_Wars dbr:Alberta_Gallatin dbr:Alfred_A._Taylor dbr:Ed_Kemmer dbr:Ex_parte_Crow_Dog dbr:Fort_Larned_National_Historic_Site dbr:Fort_Sill dbr:Edmund_Guerrier dbr:History_of_Lawton,_Oklahoma dbr:Guipago dbr:Ten_Bears dbr:Jefferson_County,_Oklahoma dbr:Yellow_Hawk dbr:Charles_Larpenteur dbr:John_B._Sanborn dbr:Kicking_Bird dbr:Lawton,_Oklahoma dbr:Tillman_County,_Oklahoma dbr:White_Horse_(Kiowa_leader) dbr:Margaret_Poisal dbr:Grey_Beard dbr:I-See-O dbr:Indian_Territory dbr:Nathaniel_Green_Taylor dbr:Red_River_War dbr:Second_Battle_of_Adobe_Walls dbr:Yocemento,_Kansas dbr:Medicine_Lodge dbr:List_of_treaties dbr:Little_Arkansas_Treaty dbr:Little_Rock_(Cheyenne_chief) dbr:The_Way_to_Rainy_Mountain dbr:Sitting_Bear dbr:Treaty_of_Medicine_Lodge dbr:Treaty_of_Medicine_Lodge_Creek dbr:Medicine_Lodge_Peace_Treaty |
| is foaf:primaryTopic of | wikipedia-en:Medicine_Lodge_Treaty |
