Northern Ireland civil rights movement (original) (raw)
Tháinig Gluaiseacht na gCeart Sibhialta i dTuaisceart Éireann ar an bhfód sna 1960idí. Ba ghluaiseacht í seo a tháinig ar an saol le deireadh a chur leis an éagóir a bhí á himirt ar an phobal náisiúnach i dTuaisceart Éireann i dtaca le cúrsaí fostaíochta, a agus vótála de.
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| dbo:abstract | El moviment per als drets civils a Irlanda del Nord va néixer a la dècada de 1960 per denunciar la segregació dels catòlics a Irlanda del Nord. Les protestes populars van cristal·litzar en la creació de la Northern Ireland Civil Rights Association (NICRA). Un dels nuclis del moviment va ser Derry, on es va denunciar la manca d'habitatge digne i la marxa de 1968 va ser reprimida per la policia. Aquest fet donaria encendria els ànims catòlics, un ambient que posteriorment donaria lloc a la Batalla del Bogside. També va ajudar a fer arrelar el moviment a Belfast, on es van convocar diverses manifestacions per denunciar el tracta de la policia i reclamar el dret a vot igualitari, així com millores de les condicions socials. La pressió dels seus integrants va aconseguir canvis en la representació política sota el mandat de . Tanmateix, el govern britànic va autoritzar la creació de la Ulster Special Constabulary, una unitat de protestants voluntaris que en la dècada següent es va caracteritzar per la duresa en els enfrontaments amb els catòlics. (ca) The Northern Ireland civil rights movement dates to the early 1960s, when a number of initiatives emerged in Northern Ireland which challenged the inequality and discrimination against ethnic Irish Catholics that was perpetrated by the Ulster Protestant establishment (composed largely of Protestant Ulster loyalists and unionists). The Campaign for Social Justice (CSJ) was founded by Conn McCluskey and his wife, Patricia. Conn was a doctor, and Patricia was a social worker who had worked in Glasgow for a period, and who had a background in housing activism. Both were involved in the Homeless Citizens League, an organisation founded after Catholic women occupied disused social housing. The HCL evolved into the CSJ, focusing on lobbying, research and publicising discrimination. The campaign for Derry University was another mid-1960s campaign. The most important organisation established during this period was the Northern Ireland Civil Rights Association (NICRA), established in 1967 to protest discrimination. NICRA's objectives were: 1. * To defend the basic freedoms of all citizens 2. * To protect the rights of the individual 3. * To highlight abuses of power 4. * To demand guarantees for freedom of speech, assembly and association 5. * To inform the public of its lawful rights (en) Tháinig Gluaiseacht na gCeart Sibhialta i dTuaisceart Éireann ar an bhfód sna 1960idí. Ba ghluaiseacht í seo a tháinig ar an saol le deireadh a chur leis an éagóir a bhí á himirt ar an phobal náisiúnach i dTuaisceart Éireann i dtaca le cúrsaí fostaíochta, a agus vótála de. (ga) Le mouvement pour les droits civiques en Irlande du Nord apparaît au début des années 1960 pour lutter contre les discriminations dont sont victimes les catholiques. Au début des années 1960 apparaissent les premières associations luttant pour l'égalité civique, menées par des libéraux et des travaillistes principalement catholiques mais aussi protestants. Lorsque Terence O'Neill devient Premier ministre d'Irlande du Nord en 1963, un certain espoir de changement naît, contrarié par les unionistes et les loyalistes. La est fondée en 1964. En 1965, le Parti travailliste crée au Parlement du Royaume-Uni un groupe de pression, la . En novembre 1966 est fondée la Northern Ireland Civil Rights Association, soutenue par des nationalistes et des républicains. Inspirée du mouvement des droits civiques aux États-Unis, elle organise plusieurs marches à partir de 1968, violemment réprimées par la Royal Ulster Constabulary et attaquées par des contre-manifestants loyalistes. En réaction est fondé le 9 octobre 1968 People's Democracy, au programme plus socialiste que celui de la Northern Ireland Civil Rights Association. Bloqué par l'opposition unioniste, Terence O'Neill ne réalise pas ses promesses de réformes sociales. Malgré la violence du conflit nord-irlandais, les différents groupes de pression pour les droits civiques continuent leurs actions. En 1972, la Northern Ireland Civil Rights Association organise une manifestation pacifiste, le Bloody Sunday, sur laquelle tirent des parachutistes britanniques. (fr) Il Movimento per i diritti civili dell'Irlanda del Nord (in lingua gaelica irlandese: Gluaiseacht na gCeart Sibhialta i dTuaisceart Éireann; in lingua inglese: Northern Ireland civil rights movement) è emerso all'inizio degli anni '60 per combattere la discriminazione contro i cattolici in Irlanda del Nord. All'inizio degli anni '60 compaiono le prime associazioni che lottano per l'uguaglianza civica, guidate da liberali e laburisti principalmente cattolici ma anche protestanti. Quando Terence O'Neill divenne Primo Ministro dell'Irlanda del Nord nel 1963, nacque qualche speranza di cambiamento, sventata da Unionisti e Lealisti. Nel 1964 fu fondata la Campaign for Social Justice. Nel 1965, il Partito Laburista creò un gruppo di pressione nel Parlamento britannico, la . Nel novembre 1966 fu fondata la (Associazione per i diritti civili dell'Irlanda del Nord), sostenuta da nazionalisti e repubblicani. Ispirata al Movimento per i diritti civili, organizzò diverse marce dal 1968, represse violentemente dal Royal Ulster Constabulary ed attaccata dai contro-dimostranti lealisti. In reazione nasce il 9 ottobre 1968 la Democrazia Popolare, un programma più socialista di quello della Northern Ireland Civil Association. Bloccato dall'opposizione unionista, Terence O'Neill non realizza le sue promesse di riforme sociali. Nonostante la violenza del conflitto in Irlanda del Nord, i vari gruppi di pressione sui diritti civili continuano le loro azioni. Il 30 gennaio 1972, l'Associazione per i diritti civili dell'Irlanda del Nord organizzò una manifestazione pacifista; soldati del 1º battaglione del reggimento paracadutisti dell'esercito britannico spararono contro i manifestanti, colpendone 26 e causando la morte di 14 persone: fu denominata Bloody Sunday («domenica di sangue»). (it) |
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| dbp:caption | Battle of the Bogside part of the 1969 Northern Ireland riots (en) |
| dbp:date | 1967 (xsd:integer) |
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| dbp:partof | the civil rights movements (en) |
| dbp:place | dbr:Northern_Ireland |
| dbp:title | Northern Ireland civil rights movement (en) |
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| rdfs:comment | Tháinig Gluaiseacht na gCeart Sibhialta i dTuaisceart Éireann ar an bhfód sna 1960idí. Ba ghluaiseacht í seo a tháinig ar an saol le deireadh a chur leis an éagóir a bhí á himirt ar an phobal náisiúnach i dTuaisceart Éireann i dtaca le cúrsaí fostaíochta, a agus vótála de. (ga) El moviment per als drets civils a Irlanda del Nord va néixer a la dècada de 1960 per denunciar la segregació dels catòlics a Irlanda del Nord. Les protestes populars van cristal·litzar en la creació de la Northern Ireland Civil Rights Association (NICRA). Un dels nuclis del moviment va ser Derry, on es va denunciar la manca d'habitatge digne i la marxa de 1968 va ser reprimida per la policia. Aquest fet donaria encendria els ànims catòlics, un ambient que posteriorment donaria lloc a la Batalla del Bogside. També va ajudar a fer arrelar el moviment a Belfast, on es van convocar diverses manifestacions per denunciar el tracta de la policia i reclamar el dret a vot igualitari, així com millores de les condicions socials. La pressió dels seus integrants va aconseguir canvis en la representac (ca) The Northern Ireland civil rights movement dates to the early 1960s, when a number of initiatives emerged in Northern Ireland which challenged the inequality and discrimination against ethnic Irish Catholics that was perpetrated by the Ulster Protestant establishment (composed largely of Protestant Ulster loyalists and unionists). The Campaign for Social Justice (CSJ) was founded by Conn McCluskey and his wife, Patricia. Conn was a doctor, and Patricia was a social worker who had worked in Glasgow for a period, and who had a background in housing activism. Both were involved in the Homeless Citizens League, an organisation founded after Catholic women occupied disused social housing. The HCL evolved into the CSJ, focusing on lobbying, research and publicising discrimination. The campaign f (en) Il Movimento per i diritti civili dell'Irlanda del Nord (in lingua gaelica irlandese: Gluaiseacht na gCeart Sibhialta i dTuaisceart Éireann; in lingua inglese: Northern Ireland civil rights movement) è emerso all'inizio degli anni '60 per combattere la discriminazione contro i cattolici in Irlanda del Nord. All'inizio degli anni '60 compaiono le prime associazioni che lottano per l'uguaglianza civica, guidate da liberali e laburisti principalmente cattolici ma anche protestanti. Bloccato dall'opposizione unionista, Terence O'Neill non realizza le sue promesse di riforme sociali. (it) Le mouvement pour les droits civiques en Irlande du Nord apparaît au début des années 1960 pour lutter contre les discriminations dont sont victimes les catholiques. Au début des années 1960 apparaissent les premières associations luttant pour l'égalité civique, menées par des libéraux et des travaillistes principalement catholiques mais aussi protestants. Lorsque Terence O'Neill devient Premier ministre d'Irlande du Nord en 1963, un certain espoir de changement naît, contrarié par les unionistes et les loyalistes. (fr) |
| rdfs:label | Moviment per als drets civils a Irlanda del Nord (ca) Gluaiseacht na gCeart Sibhialta i dTuaisceart Éireann (ga) Mouvement pour les droits civiques en Irlande du Nord (fr) Movimento per i diritti civili dell'Irlanda del Nord (it) Northern Ireland civil rights movement (en) |
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