Disability sport classification (original) (raw)

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Disability sports classification is a system that allows for fair competition between people with different types of disabilities. Historically, the process has been overseen by 2 groups: specific disability type sport organizations that cover multiple sports, and specific sport organizations that cover multiple disability types including amputations, cerebral palsy, deafness, intellectual impairments, les autres and short stature, vision impairments, spinal cord injuries, and other disabilities not covered by these groups. Within specific disability types, some of the major organizations have been: CPISRA for cerebral palsy and head injuries, ISMWSF for spinal cord injuries, ISOD for orthopaedic conditions and amputees, INAS for people with intellectual disabilities, and IBSA for blind and vision impaired athletes. Amputee sports classification is a disability specific sport classification used for disability sports to facilitate fair competition among people with different types of amputations. This classification was set up by International Sports Organization for the Disabled (ISOD), and is currently managed by IWAS who ISOD merged with in 2005. Several sports have sport specific governing bodies managing classification for amputee sportspeople. The classes for ISOD's amputee sports classification system are A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, A8 and A9. The first four are for people with lower limb amputations. A5 through A8 are for people with upper limb amputations. Cerebral palsy sport classification is a classification system used by sports that include people with cerebral palsy (CP) with different degrees of severity to compete fairly against each other and against others with different types of disabilities. In general, Cerebral Palsy-International Sports and Recreation Association (CP-ISRA) serves as the body in charge of classification for cerebral palsy sport, though some sports have their own classification systems which apply to CP sportspeople. The classification system developed by the CP-ISRA includes eight classes: CP1, CP2, CP3, CP4, CP5, CP6, CP7 and CP8. These classes can be generally grouped into upper wheelchair, wheelchair and ambulatory classes. CP1 is the class for upper wheelchair, while CP2, CP3 and CP4 are general wheelchair classes. CP5, CP6, CP7 and CP8 are ambulatory classes. The Les Autres class of disabilities generally covers two classes. These are people with short stature and people with impaired passive range of movement. The latter is sometimes referred to as PROM. There are a number of sports open to people who fit into Les Autres classes, though their eligibility often depends on if they have short stature or PROM. Historically, disability sports classification has not been open specifically to people with transplants, diabetics and epileptics. This is because disabilities need to be permanent in nature. Classification for disability sports generally has three or four steps. The first step is generally a medical assessment. The second is generally a functional assessment. This may involve two parts: first observing sportspeople in training and then involving observing sportspeople in competition. There are a number of people involved in this process beyond the sportsperson including individual classifiers, medical classifiers, technical classifiers, a chief classifier, a head of classification, a classification panel and a classification committee. (en)
La classificazione ufficiale per gli sport per disabili (o Il codice) è un sistema sviluppato dal Comitato Paralimpico Internazionale con lo scopo di creare delle specifiche categorie per gli sport per disabili, basandosi sulla tipologia e il grado di disabilità degli atleti. Tradizionalmente, gli atleti paralimpici vengono classificati secondo sei diverse classi: amputazioni, paresi cerebrali, difficoltà visive, lesioni spinali, disabilità intellettuali e un gruppo che include tutti quelli che non rientrano nelle precedenti categorie (denominato Gli altri, dal francese Les Autres). L'attuale sistema di classificazione è stato approvato durante l'Assemblea generale del CPI svoltasi a Seul, in Corea del Sud, nel novembre 2007. L'appartenenza ad una classe viene determinata attraverso un processo che può includere valutazioni e osservazioni sia fisiche che tecniche, in occasione di una competizione o durante un periodo di riposo dell'atleta. Le classi sono definite per ogni sport e sono parte integrante del regolamento sportivo. La classificazione è un processo continuo. Quando gli atleti cominciano a competere nelle gare sono classificati in una certa categoria, ma questa può venire modificata lungo la carriera sportiva dell'atleta. Per questo scopo, il CPI ha predisposto degli ufficiali sportivi chiamati classificatori; l'organo responsabile di tutte le procedure di classificazione è il Comitato di classificazione, che definisce regole e procedure riguardanti il codice. Responsabile della redazione del codice è il direttore medico scientifico della struttura. (it)
殘疾人體育賽事醫學分級，是對參賽傷健運動員的殘疾程度和運動能力進行的評價，分級標準由各類國際殘疾人體育運動組織的醫學委員會制定，從而保證競賽盡可能以公平、公正和安全的方式進行。殘疾人運動員比賽前，已經進行體育賽事的醫學評級。殘疾運動的分類一般有三到四個步驟。第一步通常是醫學評估。第二個通常是功能評估。這可能包括兩個部分：首先觀察運動員在訓練中，然後包括觀察運動員在比賽中。除了運動員之外，還有許多人參與了這個過程，包括個人分類員、醫學分類員、技術分類員、首席分類員、分類負責人、分類小組和分類委員會。 (zh)

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殘疾人體育賽事醫學分級，是對參賽傷健運動員的殘疾程度和運動能力進行的評價，分級標準由各類國際殘疾人體育運動組織的醫學委員會制定，從而保證競賽盡可能以公平、公正和安全的方式進行。殘疾人運動員比賽前，已經進行體育賽事的醫學評級。殘疾運動的分類一般有三到四個步驟。第一步通常是醫學評估。第二個通常是功能評估。這可能包括兩個部分：首先觀察運動員在訓練中，然後包括觀察運動員在比賽中。除了運動員之外，還有許多人參與了這個過程，包括個人分類員、醫學分類員、技術分類員、首席分類員、分類負責人、分類小組和分類委員會。 (zh)
Disability sports classification is a system that allows for fair competition between people with different types of disabilities. Historically, the process has been overseen by 2 groups: specific disability type sport organizations that cover multiple sports, and specific sport organizations that cover multiple disability types including amputations, cerebral palsy, deafness, intellectual impairments, les autres and short stature, vision impairments, spinal cord injuries, and other disabilities not covered by these groups. Within specific disability types, some of the major organizations have been: CPISRA for cerebral palsy and head injuries, ISMWSF for spinal cord injuries, ISOD for orthopaedic conditions and amputees, INAS for people with intellectual disabilities, and IBSA for blind an (en)
La classificazione ufficiale per gli sport per disabili (o Il codice) è un sistema sviluppato dal Comitato Paralimpico Internazionale con lo scopo di creare delle specifiche categorie per gli sport per disabili, basandosi sulla tipologia e il grado di disabilità degli atleti. L'appartenenza ad una classe viene determinata attraverso un processo che può includere valutazioni e osservazioni sia fisiche che tecniche, in occasione di una competizione o durante un periodo di riposo dell'atleta. Le classi sono definite per ogni sport e sono parte integrante del regolamento sportivo. (it)

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