| dbo:abstract |
The President's Science Advisory Committee (PSAC) was created on November 21, 1957, by President of the United States Dwight D. Eisenhower, as a direct response to the Soviet launching of the Sputnik 1 and Sputnik 2 satellites. PSAC was an upgrade and move to the White House of the Science Advisory Committee (SAC) established in 1951 by President Harry S. Truman, as part of the Office of Defense Mobilization (ODM). Its purpose was to advise the president on scientific matters in general, and those related to defense issues in particular. Eisenhower appointed James R. Killian as PSAC's first director. In 1961, President John F. Kennedy renamed the agency the Office of Science and Technology (OST). This lasted until Richard Nixon's administration in 1973. In 1976 the Office of Science and Technology Policy was established. (en) Pada 1951, Presiden Amerika Serikat Harry S. Truman mendirikan Science Advisory Committee (SAC, bahasa Indonesia: Komite Penasehat Sains) sebagai bagian dari Office of Defense Mobilization (ODM). Tujuannya adalah untuk menasehati presiden tentang materi-materi saintifik pada umumnya, dan hal-hal terkait masalah pertahanan pada khususnya. Sebagai tanggapan langsung terhadap peluncuran Sputnik 1 dan Sputnik 2 yang dilakukan oleh Uni Soviet pada akhir 1957, Presiden Dwight D. Eisenhower meningkatkan SAC menjadi President's Science Advisory Committee (PSAC, bahasa Indonesia: Komite Penasehat Sains Presiden) dan memindahkannya ke Gedung Putih pada 21 November 1957. dilantik menjadi direkturnya pada waktu itu. (in) Науково-консультативний комітет президента (США) (англ. President's Science Advisory Committee (PSAC)) був створений 21 листопада 1957 р. президентом США Дуайтом Д. Ейзенхауером як реакція на радянські запуски перших двох супутників Землі. PSAC був вдосконаленням та переходом у підпорядкування Білого дому Науково-консультативного комітету (SAC), створеного в 1951 році президентом Гаррі С. Труменом, як частини Оборонного управління мобілізації (англ. Office of Defense Mobilization). Його метою було консультування президента з наукових питань загалом, і, зокрема, також з питань оборони. Першим директором PSAC президент Ейзенхауер призначив Джеймса Р. Кілліана. (uk) |
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Науково-консультативний комітет президента (США) (англ. President's Science Advisory Committee (PSAC)) був створений 21 листопада 1957 р. президентом США Дуайтом Д. Ейзенхауером як реакція на радянські запуски перших двох супутників Землі. PSAC був вдосконаленням та переходом у підпорядкування Білого дому Науково-консультативного комітету (SAC), створеного в 1951 році президентом Гаррі С. Труменом, як частини Оборонного управління мобілізації (англ. Office of Defense Mobilization). Його метою було консультування президента з наукових питань загалом, і, зокрема, також з питань оборони. Першим директором PSAC президент Ейзенхауер призначив Джеймса Р. Кілліана. (uk) The President's Science Advisory Committee (PSAC) was created on November 21, 1957, by President of the United States Dwight D. Eisenhower, as a direct response to the Soviet launching of the Sputnik 1 and Sputnik 2 satellites. PSAC was an upgrade and move to the White House of the Science Advisory Committee (SAC) established in 1951 by President Harry S. Truman, as part of the Office of Defense Mobilization (ODM). Its purpose was to advise the president on scientific matters in general, and those related to defense issues in particular. Eisenhower appointed James R. Killian as PSAC's first director. (en) Pada 1951, Presiden Amerika Serikat Harry S. Truman mendirikan Science Advisory Committee (SAC, bahasa Indonesia: Komite Penasehat Sains) sebagai bagian dari Office of Defense Mobilization (ODM). Tujuannya adalah untuk menasehati presiden tentang materi-materi saintifik pada umumnya, dan hal-hal terkait masalah pertahanan pada khususnya. (in) |
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