Public security bureau (China) (original) (raw)

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Di Tiongkok, biro keamanan masyarakat (BKM) (Hanzi: 公安局; Pinyin: gōng'ānjú) merujuk kepada jabatan pemerintahan yang bertindak sebagai kantor polisi atau kepolisian lokal atau provinsial; kantor polisi terkecil disebut pos polisi (Hanzi: 派出所; Pinyin: pàichūsuǒ). Sistem BKM mirip dengan konsep sistem Kōban Jepang, dan hadir di setiap provinsi dan munisipalitas. Biasanya, BKM menangani kepolisian, keamanan masyarakat, dan tatanan sosial, tugas-tugas dari jabatan semacam itu meliputi pendaftaran pemukiman (""), serta materi-materi migrasi internal dan eksternal, seperti pendaftaran pemukim sementara (termasuk pendatang domestik dan asing).

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dbo:abstract Una oficina de seguridad pública (PSB; en chino, 公安局; pinyin, gōng'ānjú) en China se refiere a una oficina gubernamental que actúa esencialmente como una estación de policía o de una policía local o provincial; Las estaciones de policía más pequeñas se llaman puestos de policía (en chino, 派出所; pinyin, pàichūsuǒ). El sistema PSB es similar en concepto al sistema japonés Kōban, y está presente en cada provincia y municipio. Por lo general, un PSB maneja la vigilancia, la seguridad pública y el orden social. Otras tareas incluyen el registro de residencia ("hukou") y asuntos de migración interna y externa, como el registro de residentes temporales (incluidos los visitantes extranjeros y nacionales). El sistema de oficinas de seguridad pública es administrado por el , que coordina el trabajo de las oficinas de seguridad pública provinciales que también son responsables ante los gobiernos locales y las ramas del Partido Comunista de China. Las oficinas provinciales de seguridad pública a su vez administran las oficinas secundarias y sucursales de seguridad pública a nivel de condado o distrito, que desempeñan una función similar a las estaciones de policía más grandes.​ Los puestos avanzados de nivel más bajo son puestos de policía, que desempeñan un papel similar al de las pequeñas estaciones de policía locales. La red de oficinas de seguridad pública y el Ministerio de Seguridad Pública no deben confundirse con la red separada pero paralela de oficinas de seguridad estatal, administrada a nivel nacional por el Ministerio de Seguridad del Estado, que es responsable de la inteligencia externa e interna, y realiza un papel de "policía secreta". Los dos sistemas están separados administrativamente, aunque a nivel local cooperan en gran medida y a menudo comparten recursos. La mayoría de las principales ciudades chinas tendrán un PSB asignado para atender las necesidades de seguridad locales. Cada provincia, municipio y región autónoma (excluyendo las regiones administrativas especiales de Macao y Hong Kong, que tienen sus propias fuerzas policiales, la Policía de Hong Kong y la Policía de Seguridad Pública de Macao) tiene un Departamento de Seguridad Pública a nivel provincial (en chino simplificado, 公安厅; pinyin, Gōng'āntīng) o PSB municipal para tratar los problemas de seguridad provinciales. En 2016, el PSB de Xinjiang firmó un acuerdo de asociación con Huawei.​ En 2019, el mismo PSB y sus PSB municipales subordinados fueron sancionados por el gobierno de los EE. UU. Por su papel en los abusos de los derechos humanos contra los uigures.​ (es) Di Tiongkok, biro keamanan masyarakat (BKM) (Hanzi: 公安局; Pinyin: gōng'ānjú) merujuk kepada jabatan pemerintahan yang bertindak sebagai kantor polisi atau kepolisian lokal atau provinsial; kantor polisi terkecil disebut pos polisi (Hanzi: 派出所; Pinyin: pàichūsuǒ). Sistem BKM mirip dengan konsep sistem Kōban Jepang, dan hadir di setiap provinsi dan munisipalitas. Biasanya, BKM menangani kepolisian, keamanan masyarakat, dan tatanan sosial, tugas-tugas dari jabatan semacam itu meliputi pendaftaran pemukiman (""), serta materi-materi migrasi internal dan eksternal, seperti pendaftaran pemukim sementara (termasuk pendatang domestik dan asing). (in) A Public Security Bureau (PSB) (Chinese: 公安局; pinyin: gōng'ānjú) of a city or county, or Public Security Department (PSD) (Chinese: 公安厅; pinyin: Gōng'āntīng) of a province or autonomous region, in the People's Republic of China refers to a government office essentially acting as a police station or a local or provincial police/sheriff; the smallest police stations are called police posts (Chinese: 派出所; pinyin: pàichūsuǒ). The PSB/PSD system is similar in concept to the Japanese Kōban system, and is present in each province and municipality. Typically, a PSB/PSD handles policing, public security, and social order. Other duties include residence registration ("hukou") and internal and external migration matters, such as the registration of temporary residents (including both foreign and domestic visitors). The system of public security bureaus is administered by the Ministry of Public Security (MPS), which co-ordinates the work of provincial public security departments that are also answerable to the local governments and provincial party secretaries. PSB's located in each province are jointly supervised by the central government as well as provincial governments, an arrangement that is supposedly supposed to prevent corruption and unchecked influence by provincial (The equivalent of state) general secretaries (The equivalent of state governors). Provincial public security bureaus in turn administer county or district level public security sub-bureaus and branch bureaus, which perform a role similar to larger police stations. The lowest level outposts are police posts, which perform a role similar to small local police stations. The network of public security bureaus and the Ministry of Public Security should not be confused with the separate but parallel network of state security bureaus/state security departments, administered at the national level by the Ministry of State Security (MSS), which is responsible for external and internal intelligence, and performing a "secret police" or security police role responsible for pre-remptive response to 'mass incidents' (Chinese terminology for protests or social disturbances) and internal security. The two systems are administratively separate, although at local levels they co-operate to a large extent and often share resources and internal security bureaus are structured as units or departments within public security bureau's (PSB's) to allow for closer and more effective integrated operations and cooperation as needed. Most major Chinese cities will have a PSB assigned to deal with local security needs. Each province, municipality and autonomous region (excluding the special administrative regions of Macau and Hong Kong, which have their own police forces, the Hong Kong Police Force and the Public Security Police Force of Macau) has a provincial-level Public Security Department or municipal PSB to deal with provincial security issues. In 2016, the Xinjiang PSD signed a partnership agreement with Huawei. In 2019, the same PSD and its subordinate municipal PSBs were sanctioned by the U.S. State Department for their role in human rights abuses against the Uyghurs. In October 2022, various news outlets reported that the MPS had opened clandestine police stations overseas. (en) Dans la République populaire de Chine, le bureau de sécurité public (PSB) (chinois : 公安局 ; pinyin : Gōng'ānjú) se réfère aux bureaux gouvernementaux qui contrôlent la police, la sécurité publique et l'ordre social, mais aussi les problèmes comme l'enregistrement de résidence, de même que l'immigration et les voyages des étrangers. Chaque province et chaque municipalité en Chine (excluant Hong Kong et Macao) a une branche de PSB. (fr) {{namespace detect | category = main=
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dbp:c 公安局 (en) 派出所 (en)
dbp:p Gōng'āntīng (en) gōng'ānjú (en) pàichūsuǒ (en)
dbp:s 公安厅 (en)
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rdfs:comment Di Tiongkok, biro keamanan masyarakat (BKM) (Hanzi: 公安局; Pinyin: gōng'ānjú) merujuk kepada jabatan pemerintahan yang bertindak sebagai kantor polisi atau kepolisian lokal atau provinsial; kantor polisi terkecil disebut pos polisi (Hanzi: 派出所; Pinyin: pàichūsuǒ). Sistem BKM mirip dengan konsep sistem Kōban Jepang, dan hadir di setiap provinsi dan munisipalitas. Biasanya, BKM menangani kepolisian, keamanan masyarakat, dan tatanan sosial, tugas-tugas dari jabatan semacam itu meliputi pendaftaran pemukiman (""), serta materi-materi migrasi internal dan eksternal, seperti pendaftaran pemukim sementara (termasuk pendatang domestik dan asing). (in) Dans la République populaire de Chine, le bureau de sécurité public (PSB) (chinois : 公安局 ; pinyin : Gōng'ānjú) se réfère aux bureaux gouvernementaux qui contrôlent la police, la sécurité publique et l'ordre social, mais aussi les problèmes comme l'enregistrement de résidence, de même que l'immigration et les voyages des étrangers. Chaque province et chaque municipalité en Chine (excluant Hong Kong et Macao) a une branche de PSB. (fr) {{namespace detect | category = main=
rdfs:label Oficina de seguridad pública (China) (es) Bureau de sécurité publique (fr) Biro keamanan masyarakat Tiongkok (in) Public security bureau (China) (en) 公安机关 (zh)
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