Public-order crime (original) (raw)

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In criminology, public-order crime is defined by Siegel (2004) as "crime which involves acts that interfere with the operations of society and the ability of people to function efficiently", i.e., it is behaviour that has been labelled criminal because it is contrary to shared norms, social values, and customs. Robertson (1989:123) maintains a crime is nothing more than "an act that contravenes a law". Generally speaking, deviancy is criminalized when it is too disruptive and has proved uncontrollable through informal sanctions. Public order crime should be distinguished from political crime. In the former, although the identity of the "victim" may be indirect and sometimes diffuse, it is cumulatively the community that suffers, whereas in a political crime, the state perceives itself to be the victim and criminalizes the behaviour it considers threatening. Thus, public order crime includes consensual crime and victimless crime. It asserts the need to use the law to maintain order both in the legal and moral sense. Public order crime is now the preferred term by proponents as against the use of the word "victimless" based on the idea that there are secondary victims (family, friends, acquaintances, and society at large) that can be identified. For example, in cases where a criminal act subverts or undermines the commercial effectiveness of normative business practices, the negative consequences extend beyond those at whom the specific immediate harm was intended. Similarly, in environmental law, there are offences that do not have a direct, immediate, and tangible victim, so crimes go largely unreported and unprosecuted because of the problem of lack of victim awareness. In short, there are no clear, unequivocal definitions of "consensus", "harm", "injury", "offender", and "victim". Such judgments are always informed by contestable, epistemological, moral, and political assumptions (de Haan, 1990: 154). A vice squad is a police division whose focus is stopping public-order crimes like gambling, narcotics, prostitution, and illegal sales of alcohol. (en)
Sedlighetsbrott är en äldre benämning på brott mot lagstiftning som syftar till att befrämja personlig moral och dygd och begränsa laster, främst kring sexuella relationer och spel. Vad som betraktas som sedlighetsbrott har varierat under historien och mellan länder och kulturer, men idag finns lagstiftning i många västländer kring aktiviteter såsom spel om pengar (hasardspel, vadslagningsspel, , kasino, Internetpoker) samt sexualbrott som sexköp, prostitution och barnpornografi. Ibland innefattas även innehav eller olaglig försäljning av alkoholdrycker och innehav av eller handel med narkotika i begreppet. En sedlighetsrotel eller sedlighetspolis är en polisenhet vars fokus är att begränsa eller undertrycka sedlighetsbrott. Sedlighetsroteln koncentrerar sig inte på brott som bedrägeri och mord. Begreppet sedlighetsbrott har avskaffats i svensk lag, och sedlighetsenheter har ersatts av särskilda sexualbrottsenheter, men motsvarande begrepp förekommer fortfarande i vissa andra länder, exempelvis vice squad ("lastpatrull") i USA. (sv)
在犯罪學中，公共秩序罪被Siegel（2004）定义为 "涉及做出干扰社会正常运行和人们工作的行為導致的犯罪"，即它是由于违反社會規範、社会价值观和习俗而被贴上犯罪标签的行为。一般来说，当出現擾亂行为，并被证明无法通过其他手段加以控制时，此類行為就会被定为犯罪行为。 (zh)

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在犯罪學中，公共秩序罪被Siegel（2004）定义为 "涉及做出干扰社会正常运行和人们工作的行為導致的犯罪"，即它是由于违反社會規範、社会价值观和习俗而被贴上犯罪标签的行为。一般来说，当出現擾亂行为，并被证明无法通过其他手段加以控制时，此類行為就会被定为犯罪行为。 (zh)
In criminology, public-order crime is defined by Siegel (2004) as "crime which involves acts that interfere with the operations of society and the ability of people to function efficiently", i.e., it is behaviour that has been labelled criminal because it is contrary to shared norms, social values, and customs. Robertson (1989:123) maintains a crime is nothing more than "an act that contravenes a law". Generally speaking, deviancy is criminalized when it is too disruptive and has proved uncontrollable through informal sanctions. (en)
Sedlighetsbrott är en äldre benämning på brott mot lagstiftning som syftar till att befrämja personlig moral och dygd och begränsa laster, främst kring sexuella relationer och spel. Vad som betraktas som sedlighetsbrott har varierat under historien och mellan länder och kulturer, men idag finns lagstiftning i många västländer kring aktiviteter såsom spel om pengar (hasardspel, vadslagningsspel, , kasino, Internetpoker) samt sexualbrott som sexköp, prostitution och barnpornografi. Ibland innefattas även innehav eller olaglig försäljning av alkoholdrycker och innehav av eller handel med narkotika i begreppet. (sv)

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