Victorian dress reform (original) (raw)

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Dräktreformrörelsen, eller rationella dräktreformrörelsen, var en rörelse under 1800-talet som syftade till att reformera den dåtida kvinnliga klädedräkten för att göra den mer hälsosam och bekväm. En rad föreningar grundades mellan cirka 1850 och 1900 för att informera om hälsoriskerna med det dåtida kvinnomodets korsetter, långa kjolar och många lager underkläder, och föreslå alternativa "reformdräkter", i vissa fall med byxor, eller enbart en reformering och förenkling av underkläderna, såsom att snöra korsetterna mindre hårt, korta kjolarna och bära färre underkläder. Rörelsen fick mest uppmärksamhet i USA och Storbritannien, men förekom även i övriga Västeuropa, däribland Sverige.

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dbo:abstract Reformkleidung ist der zusammenfassende Oberbegriff für Varianten der üblichen weiblichen oder männlichen Kleidung, die ab Mitte des 19. Jahrhunderts im Zuge der sogenannten Lebensreform aus gesundheitlichen oder emanzipatorischen Gründen propagiert wurden. Die reformierte Kleidung für Frauen sollte es Frauen ermöglichen, sich freier zu bewegen und aktiv am Arbeitsleben teilzunehmen, indem sie hinderliche und einengende Elemente beseitigte. Unterstützt wurde die Reformbewegung durch einige Mediziner, die schon im späten 18. Jahrhundert das Korsett als äußerst gesundheitsschädlich gebrandmarkt hatten und z. B. eine Aufhängung der Kleidung an den für belastbarer gehaltenen Schultern bzw. am ganzen Torso (anstatt wie bisher an der Taille) forderten. Einer der ersten Vorläufer der Reformkleidung war um 1850 das in den USA aufgekommene Bloomer-Kostüm, das ein starkes Presseecho hervorrief und von etlichen Frauenrechtlerinnen getragen wurde, sich aber wegen des öffentlichen Widerstands nicht durchsetzte. In den USA wurden in den folgenden Jahrzehnten weitere Reformversuche unternommen, und auch in europäischen Ländern entstanden Reformbewegungen. (de) Victorian dress reform was an objective of the Victorian dress reform movement (also known as the rational dress movement) of the middle and late Victorian era, led by various reformers who proposed, designed, and wore clothing considered more practical and comfortable than the fashions of the time. Dress reformists were largely middle-class women involved in the first wave of feminism in the Western World, from the 1850s through the 1890s. The movement emerged in the Progressive Era along with calls for temperance, women's education, suffrage and moral purity. Dress reform called for emancipation from the "dictates of fashion", expressed a desire to "cover the limbs as well as the torso adequately," and promoted "rational dress". The movement had its greatest success in the reform of women's undergarments, which could be modified without exposing the wearer to social ridicule. Dress reformers were also influential in persuading women to adopt simplified garments for athletic activities such as bicycling or swimming. The movement was much less concerned with men's clothing, although it initiated the widespread adoption of knitted wool union suits or long johns. Some proponents of the movement established dress reform parlors, or storefronts, where women could buy sewing patterns for the garments, or buy them directly. (en) Dräktreformrörelsen, eller rationella dräktreformrörelsen, var en rörelse under 1800-talet som syftade till att reformera den dåtida kvinnliga klädedräkten för att göra den mer hälsosam och bekväm. En rad föreningar grundades mellan cirka 1850 och 1900 för att informera om hälsoriskerna med det dåtida kvinnomodets korsetter, långa kjolar och många lager underkläder, och föreslå alternativa "reformdräkter", i vissa fall med byxor, eller enbart en reformering och förenkling av underkläderna, såsom att snöra korsetterna mindre hårt, korta kjolarna och bära färre underkläder. Rörelsen fick mest uppmärksamhet i USA och Storbritannien, men förekom även i övriga Västeuropa, däribland Sverige. (sv)
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rdfs:comment Dräktreformrörelsen, eller rationella dräktreformrörelsen, var en rörelse under 1800-talet som syftade till att reformera den dåtida kvinnliga klädedräkten för att göra den mer hälsosam och bekväm. En rad föreningar grundades mellan cirka 1850 och 1900 för att informera om hälsoriskerna med det dåtida kvinnomodets korsetter, långa kjolar och många lager underkläder, och föreslå alternativa "reformdräkter", i vissa fall med byxor, eller enbart en reformering och förenkling av underkläderna, såsom att snöra korsetterna mindre hårt, korta kjolarna och bära färre underkläder. Rörelsen fick mest uppmärksamhet i USA och Storbritannien, men förekom även i övriga Västeuropa, däribland Sverige. (sv) Reformkleidung ist der zusammenfassende Oberbegriff für Varianten der üblichen weiblichen oder männlichen Kleidung, die ab Mitte des 19. Jahrhunderts im Zuge der sogenannten Lebensreform aus gesundheitlichen oder emanzipatorischen Gründen propagiert wurden. (de) Victorian dress reform was an objective of the Victorian dress reform movement (also known as the rational dress movement) of the middle and late Victorian era, led by various reformers who proposed, designed, and wore clothing considered more practical and comfortable than the fashions of the time. Some proponents of the movement established dress reform parlors, or storefronts, where women could buy sewing patterns for the garments, or buy them directly. (en)
rdfs:label Reformkleidung (de) Victorian dress reform (en) Dräktreformrörelsen (sv)
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