Sisak concentration camp (original) (raw)
Het Sisak kinderconcentratiekamp was een afdeling van het concentratiekamp van Sisak, die speciaal voor kinderen was bestemd. Het werd opgericht door de Ustašabeweging en werd geopend in juli 1942 in Sisak in de Onafhankelijke Staat Kroatië, ongeveer 50 km ten zuidoosten van Zagreb. Het kamp lag aan de oever van de Kupa-rivier. De afdeling voor kinderen werd genoemd “Schuilplaats voor kinderen van vluchtelingen”. Ook in Gornja Rijeka en in Jastrebarsko kwamen speciale kampen voor kinderen, maar dat in Sisak was het grootst en de langste tijd operationeel, tot januari 1943.
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| dbo:abstract | Das Konzentrationslager Sisak (kroatisch Sabirni logor Sisak; serbisch Koncentracioni logor Sisak, Концентрациони логор Сисак) war während des Zweiten Weltkriegs ein für Kinder konzipiertes Konzentrationslager im damaligen Unabhängigen Staat Kroatien (NDH), einem Vasallenstaat der faschistischen Achsenmächte. Es befand sich in Sisak, einer kroatischen Kleinstadt, etwa 100 Kilometer südöstlich der Hauptstadt Zagreb. Der Hauptkomplex dieses Lagers befand sich westlich des Güterbahnhofes von Sisak am Flussufer der Kupa, nicht weit vom städtlichen Friedhof. Das Lager war von einem Stacheldrahtzaun umgeben, so dass für die Kinder eine Flucht nicht möglich war. Die Internierten waren hauptsächlich serbische Kinder, aber auch jüdische sowie Kinder von Roma und Sinti. Im Gegensatz zum KZ Stara Gradiška, in dem neben Kindern auch Frauen interniert waren, waren das Lager in Sisak sowie das KZ Gornja Rijeka und KZ Jastrebarsko die einzigen reinen Kinderkonzentrationslager in Europa. Sisak war von ihnen das größte. (de) Sisak was a World War II concentration and transit camp located in the town of the same name in the Axis puppet state known as the Independent State of Croatia (NDH). It was operational between 1941 and 1945. The camp consisted of two sub-camps, Sisak I and Sisak II. The former was used to intern adults destined for forced labour in the Reich and was established in 1941, while the latter was used to detain unaccompanied Serb—and to a lesser extent, Jewish and Roma—children who had been separated from their parents over the course of the conflict. Sisak I was operated by the Germans, whereas Sisak II was administered by the Ustaše, with some German gendarmes guarding its perimeter. The latter became operational in July–August 1942, receiving a group of children who had previously been detained at Mlaka. Living conditions at the children's camp were poor, leading to a high mortality rate. According to survivors, some children were killed by being given poisoned milk or gruel laced with caustic soda. On other occasions, camp commander Antun Najžer administered children with lethal injections. Thousands of children were saved from the camp as a result of rescue efforts spearheaded by the humanitarian Diana Budisavljević and the local communist underground. Sisak II was dissolved in January 1943. The exact number of children who perished there is unknown, but estimates range from 1,160 to 1,600, largely as a result of starvation, thirst, typhus and neglect. In April 1944, the Germans ceded control of Sisak I to the Ustaše. It was shut down in January 1945 and its remaining inmates were dispatched to Jasenovac. In September 1946, Najžer was convicted for his involvement in the atrocities that took place at the children's camp and sentenced to death by firing squad. Memorials commemorating the camp victims were demolished in the early 1990s, during the Croatian War of Independence. Camp survivor Gabrijela Kolar's sculpture was spared, but has since fallen into a state of disrepair. In post-independence Croatia, the camp's main building was transformed into a movie theatre and renamed the Crystal Cube of Cheerfulness. (en) Le camp de concentration de Sisak (Koncentracioni logor Sisak, Концентрациони логор Сисак) était un camp de concentration dirigé par les croates pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale à Sisak, une ville à environ 100 kilomètres au sud-est de la capitale Zagreb. Les internés étaient principalement des enfants serbes, Juifs, Roms et Sinti âgés entre 3 et 16 ans. Ils sont logés dans des étables abandonnées et souffrent de la malnutrition et de la dysenterie ce qui compromet leur état de santé. Ils sont nourris quotidiennement avec une mince portion de gruau et traités horriblement par les gardes oustachis. Le camp est ouvert le 12 juillet 1942. Il est un camp satellite du camp de concentration de Jasenovac, l'un des 40 camps de l'État indépendant de Croatie (NDH) dirigé par les fascistes croates oustachi. Officiellement, la détention de ces enfants a pour objectif leur "ré-éducation" en captivité, mais le camp servit dans une large mesure au génocide des Serbes, Juifs et tsiganes. Le taux de mortalité dans le camp était extrêmement élevé. Souvent, les enfants ne reçoivent aucune nourriture pendant des jours et parfois les Oustachis empoisonnent la nourriture avec de l’hydroxyde de sodium. Chaque jour, entre 30 et 40 enfants meurent. Les parents des enfants sont internés dans le camp de concentration de Jasenovac ou mis au travail forcé en Allemagne. La structure principale de l'ancien camp de concentration, un bâtiment de quatre étages, est maintenant une discothèque. (fr) Il campo di concentramento di Sisak fu operativo dal 1941 al 1945, durante la seconda guerra mondiale, situato nella città omonima nello stato fantoccio noto come Stato Indipendente di Croazia. Il campo fu composto da due sottocampi, il Sisak I e il Sisak II. Il primo fu istituito nel 1941 e fu utilizzato per internare gli adulti destinati ai lavori forzati nel Reich, mentre il secondo fu utilizzato per trattenere i bambini serbi, e in misura minore ebrei e rom, che furono separati dai genitori a causa del corso del conflitto. Sisak I fu amministrato dai tedeschi, mentre Sisak II fu amministrato dagli Ustaše, con alcune guardie tedesche a guardia del perimetro: quest'ultimo divenne operativo nel luglio-agosto 1942, ricevendo un gruppo di bambini che erano stati precedentemente detenuti a Mlaka. Le condizioni di vita nel campo per i bambini furono precarie, causando così un alto tasso di mortalità. Secondo i sopravvissuti, alcuni bambini furono uccisi ricevendo del latte avvelenato o della pappa con aggiunta soda caustica. In altre occasioni, il comandante del campo Antun Najžer ha somministrato ai bambini delle iniezioni letali. Migliaia di bambini sono stati salvati dal campo a seguito dei soccorsi guidati dall'operatrice umanitaria Diana Budisavljević e dalla resistenza locale comunista. Sisak II fu sciolto nel gennaio 1943: il numero esatto di bambini che vi morirono è sconosciuto, ma le stime vanno da 1.160 a 1.600, in gran parte a causa della fame, della sete, del tifo e dell'abbandono. Nell'aprile 1944 i tedeschi cedettero il controllo di Sisak I agli Ustaše. Fu chiuso nel gennaio 1945 e i restanti detenuti furono inviati a Jasenovac. Nel settembre 1946, Najžer fu processato per il suo coinvolgimento nelle atrocità avvenute nel campo contro i bambini e condannato a morte per fucilazione. I memoriali che commemorano le vittime del campo furono demoliti all'inizio degli anni '90, durante la guerra d'indipendenza croata. La scultura della sopravvissuta al campo Gabrijela Kolar è stata risparmiata, ma da allora si trova in stato di abbandono. Nella Croazia post-indipendenza, l'edificio principale del campo è stato trasformato in un cinema e ribattezzato Cubo di cristallo dell'allegria. (it) Het Sisak kinderconcentratiekamp was een afdeling van het concentratiekamp van Sisak, die speciaal voor kinderen was bestemd. Het werd opgericht door de Ustašabeweging en werd geopend in juli 1942 in Sisak in de Onafhankelijke Staat Kroatië, ongeveer 50 km ten zuidoosten van Zagreb. Het kamp lag aan de oever van de Kupa-rivier. De afdeling voor kinderen werd genoemd “Schuilplaats voor kinderen van vluchtelingen”. Ook in Gornja Rijeka en in Jastrebarsko kwamen speciale kampen voor kinderen, maar dat in Sisak was het grootst en de langste tijd operationeel, tot januari 1943. (nl) |
| dbo:activeYears | 1941–1945 |
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| dbo:mapCaption | Location of Sisak in theIndependent State of Croatia |
| dbo:numberOfDeaths | 1,160–1,600 (Sisak II) |
| dbo:originallyUsedFor | Recreation centre, saltworks andprimary school |
| dbo:populationTotal | 6693 (xsd:nonNegativeInteger) |
| dbo:thumbnail | wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Map_of_the_Axis_occupation_of_Yugoslavia.svg?width=300 |
| dbo:type | dbr:Concentration_camp |
| dbo:victim | dbr:Romani_people dbr:Jews dbr:Kozarčanka dbr:Bosniak dbr:Serb |
| dbo:victims | *Serb,Jewishand Roma children (Sisak II) Milja Toroman *Able-bodiedSerb,Bosniak, andRomaprisoners bound for the Reich (Sisak I) |
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| dbp:date | 2018-01-31 (xsd:date) |
| dbp:inOperation | 1941 (xsd:integer) |
| dbp:inmates | 6693 (xsd:integer) |
| dbp:killed | 1160 (xsd:integer) |
| dbp:location | dbr:Sisak dbr:Independent_State_of_Croatia |
| dbp:locationMap | NDH (en) |
| dbp:mapCaption | Location of Sisak in the Independent State of Croatia (en) |
| dbp:mapLabel | dbr:Sisak |
| dbp:name | Sisak (en) |
| dbp:notableInmates | dbr:Kozarčanka |
| dbp:originalUse | Recreation centre, saltworks and primary school (en) |
| dbp:prisonerType | *Able-bodied Serb, Bosniak, and Roma prisoners bound for the Reich *Serb, Jewish and Roma children (en) |
| dbp:type | Concentration and transit camp (en) |
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| rdfs:comment | Het Sisak kinderconcentratiekamp was een afdeling van het concentratiekamp van Sisak, die speciaal voor kinderen was bestemd. Het werd opgericht door de Ustašabeweging en werd geopend in juli 1942 in Sisak in de Onafhankelijke Staat Kroatië, ongeveer 50 km ten zuidoosten van Zagreb. Het kamp lag aan de oever van de Kupa-rivier. De afdeling voor kinderen werd genoemd “Schuilplaats voor kinderen van vluchtelingen”. Ook in Gornja Rijeka en in Jastrebarsko kwamen speciale kampen voor kinderen, maar dat in Sisak was het grootst en de langste tijd operationeel, tot januari 1943. (nl) Das Konzentrationslager Sisak (kroatisch Sabirni logor Sisak; serbisch Koncentracioni logor Sisak, Концентрациони логор Сисак) war während des Zweiten Weltkriegs ein für Kinder konzipiertes Konzentrationslager im damaligen Unabhängigen Staat Kroatien (NDH), einem Vasallenstaat der faschistischen Achsenmächte. Es befand sich in Sisak, einer kroatischen Kleinstadt, etwa 100 Kilometer südöstlich der Hauptstadt Zagreb. (de) Le camp de concentration de Sisak (Koncentracioni logor Sisak, Концентрациони логор Сисак) était un camp de concentration dirigé par les croates pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale à Sisak, une ville à environ 100 kilomètres au sud-est de la capitale Zagreb. Le camp est ouvert le 12 juillet 1942. Il est un camp satellite du camp de concentration de Jasenovac, l'un des 40 camps de l'État indépendant de Croatie (NDH) dirigé par les fascistes croates oustachi. Chaque jour, entre 30 et 40 enfants meurent. (fr) Sisak was a World War II concentration and transit camp located in the town of the same name in the Axis puppet state known as the Independent State of Croatia (NDH). It was operational between 1941 and 1945. (en) Il campo di concentramento di Sisak fu operativo dal 1941 al 1945, durante la seconda guerra mondiale, situato nella città omonima nello stato fantoccio noto come Stato Indipendente di Croazia. Il campo fu composto da due sottocampi, il Sisak I e il Sisak II. Il primo fu istituito nel 1941 e fu utilizzato per internare gli adulti destinati ai lavori forzati nel Reich, mentre il secondo fu utilizzato per trattenere i bambini serbi, e in misura minore ebrei e rom, che furono separati dai genitori a causa del corso del conflitto. (it) |
| rdfs:label | KZ Sisak (de) Camp de concentration de Sisak (fr) Campo di concentramento di Sisak (it) Sisak kinderconcentratiekamp (nl) Sisak concentration camp (en) |
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