Son Byong-hi (original) (raw)
Son Pjŏng-hŭi, korejsky 손병희 (8. dubna 1861 – 19. května 1922) byl vůdcem korejské náboženské sekty . Označen za , nakonec našel útočiště v Japonsku. Byl vůdčím elementem národního hnutí za nezávislost Koreje v roce 1919.
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| dbo:abstract | Son Pjŏng-hŭi, korejsky 손병희 (8. dubna 1861 – 19. května 1922) byl vůdcem korejské náboženské sekty . Označen za , nakonec našel útočiště v Japonsku. Byl vůdčím elementem národního hnutí za nezávislost Koreje v roce 1919. (cs) Son Byong-hi (April 8, 1861 – May 19, 1922) was a Korean religious leader and independence activist. He was born in Cheongju, in Chungcheong province. He became the third leader of Donghak (Eastern learning), an indigenous religious movement founded from 1860 to 1864. His honorary religions name was Uiam and he is referred to hereafter by that name. The founder of Donghak, Choe Je-u (religious name Su-un), and the second leader, Choe Sihyeong (religious name Haewol), had both been executed. Haewol, Uiam’s mentor and predecessor, was involved in a peasant revolt in 1894 (referred to as the Donghak Peasant Revolution) and he was executed in connection with that in 1898. Thereafter, Uiam assumed leadership of Donghak but was forced to flee to Japan in March 1901. He was accompanied with his brother and chief lieutenant Yi Yong-gu. In Japan, he studied modern western ways which had been adopted by the Japanese after the Meiji Restoration. Up to that point Donghak was highly traditional, opposed to modernization and foreign intervention in Korea. Uiam pivoted from that world view by embracing modernization and accepting help from Japan to achieve that goal. He sent Yi back to Korea in 1902 to act as his liaison. At Uiam’s direction, Yi founded a political organization known as Jungniphoe (Chungniphoe “neutrality society”) which was later reorganized as the (Chinbohoe "progressive society"). One of the most notable of Jinbohoe activities was the organization of mass hair cutting ceremonies in which Korean men cut off their traditional topknots. Modernization through education was its top priority. It also had a pan-Asian outlook which encouraged Jinbohoe volunteers to aid the Japanese in the Russo-Japanese War particularly in construction of a railroad to aid troop deployment. Yi eventually went so far as to call for Japan to take over Korea’s affairs ostensibly because he thought the arrangement would be temporary and beneficial to Korea. In any event, after Japan forced Korea to become its protectorate, Uiam began to distance Donghak from Japanese affiliation. Uiam renamed Donghak as Cheondogyo (Ch'ŏndogyo, Religion of the Heavenly Way) on December 1, 1905. He took concrete steps to modernize it and to extend its doctrinal concepts of Heaven's/God’s eminence in humankind. In September1906, he excommunicated Yi, who went on to form another branch of Donghak known as Sijeongyo (Sich'ŏn'gyo, Religion of Serving Heaven). In 1910 Japan annexed Korea. As Japanese rule became more harsh Koreans began to feel that the situation was intolerable. Finally in 1919, a mass demonstration was organized calling for Korean independence, with Cheondogyo, Christian and Buddhist religious leaders at the forefront of the movement. A Declaration of Independence was drafted and Uiam was the first to sign it. After reading the declaration at the protest, he was voluntarily arrested. Although the first phase of the protest was peaceful, it became violent and was brutally suppressed by the Japanese. Uiam became ill in prison and was released. He died at home in 1922. (en) 孫 秉熙（ソン・ビョンヒ、そん へいき、1861年4月8日 - 1922年5月19日）は、天道教（東学）の第3代教主、朝鮮の独立運動家である。本貫は。幼名は孫應九（ソン・ウング、손응구）。亡命中の仮名は李祥憲（イ・サンホン、이상헌）。号は義菴（イアム、의암）。 (ja) 손병희(孫秉熙, 1861년 4월 8일 ~ 1922년 5월 19일)는 천도교(동학) 지도자이자 대한제국의 독립운동가이다. 본관은 밀양이다. 자(字)는 응구(應九)이며, 망명 중 사용한 가명은 이상헌(李祥憲), 최시형에게 받은 도호(道號)는 의암(義菴)이다. (ko) 孙秉熙（1861年4月8日－1922年5月19日），字应九，道号義菴，本贯密阳孙氏，出生在忠清北道的清原郡，为天道教（东学党）第三代教主、朝鲜独立运动人物。 (zh) |
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| dbp:bot | medic (en) |
| dbp:date | July 2022 (en) |
| dbp:hangul | 손병희 (en) 의암 (en) |
| dbp:hanja | 孫秉熙 (en) 義菴 (en) |
| dbp:mr | Son Pyŏng-hŭi (en) Ŭiam (en) |
| dbp:othername | Religious name (en) |
| dbp:rr | Son Byeong-hui (en) Uiam (en) |
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| rdfs:comment | Son Pjŏng-hŭi, korejsky 손병희 (8. dubna 1861 – 19. května 1922) byl vůdcem korejské náboženské sekty . Označen za , nakonec našel útočiště v Japonsku. Byl vůdčím elementem národního hnutí za nezávislost Koreje v roce 1919. (cs) 孫 秉熙（ソン・ビョンヒ、そん へいき、1861年4月8日 - 1922年5月19日）は、天道教（東学）の第3代教主、朝鮮の独立運動家である。本貫は。幼名は孫應九（ソン・ウング、손응구）。亡命中の仮名は李祥憲（イ・サンホン、이상헌）。号は義菴（イアム、의암）。 (ja) 손병희(孫秉熙, 1861년 4월 8일 ~ 1922년 5월 19일)는 천도교(동학) 지도자이자 대한제국의 독립운동가이다. 본관은 밀양이다. 자(字)는 응구(應九)이며, 망명 중 사용한 가명은 이상헌(李祥憲), 최시형에게 받은 도호(道號)는 의암(義菴)이다. (ko) 孙秉熙（1861年4月8日－1922年5月19日），字应九，道号義菴，本贯密阳孙氏，出生在忠清北道的清原郡，为天道教（东学党）第三代教主、朝鲜独立运动人物。 (zh) Son Byong-hi (April 8, 1861 – May 19, 1922) was a Korean religious leader and independence activist. He was born in Cheongju, in Chungcheong province. He became the third leader of Donghak (Eastern learning), an indigenous religious movement founded from 1860 to 1864. His honorary religions name was Uiam and he is referred to hereafter by that name. The founder of Donghak, Choe Je-u (religious name Su-un), and the second leader, Choe Sihyeong (religious name Haewol), had both been executed. Haewol, Uiam’s mentor and predecessor, was involved in a peasant revolt in 1894 (referred to as the Donghak Peasant Revolution) and he was executed in connection with that in 1898. Thereafter, Uiam assumed leadership of Donghak but was forced to flee to Japan in March 1901. He was accompanied with his b (en) |
| rdfs:label | Son Byong-hi (en) Son Pjong-hui (cs) 孫秉煕 (ja) 손병희 (ko) Son Byong-hi (pt) 孫秉熙 (zh) |
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