Statute of Anne (original) (raw)
Lo Statuto di Anna, titolo breve Copyright Act 1709 8 Anne c.19 (titolo completo An Act for the Encouragement of Learning, by vesting the Copies of Printed Books in the Authors or purchasers of such Copies, during the Times therein mentioned), è stata la prima legge sul copyright nel Regno di Gran Bretagna (oggi Regno Unito). È stato promulgato nel 1709 ed è entrato in vigore il 10 aprile 1710. Esso è generalmente considerato il primo statuto completo sul copyright. Prende nome dalla regina Anna di Gran Bretagna, durante il cui regno fu promulgato; oggi è considerato l'origine della legge sul copyright.
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| dbo:abstract | L'Estatut de la Reina Anna, promulgat el 10 d'abril de 1710, constitueix un antecedent històric de gran importància en l'àmbit dels drets de propietat intel·lectual. Va ser la primera norma legal que va reconèixer el que es coneix en el dret anglosaxó com a copyright. Aquesta normativa va ser enfocada a corregir els problemes existents en aquest moment entorn de la reproducció i venda d'obres literàries. La mateixa li reconeix a l'autor el seu dret de propietat. El que es pretenia era eliminar els monopolis que s'havien creat i brindar-li a l'autor el reconeixement com a titular de la seva obra i per tant dels drets que d'ella deriven, entre aquests, el d'autoritzar la reproducció de la seva obra i poder escollir l'editor que les realitze. Es buscava d'igual forma el fomentar les arts literàries i artístiques però sempre buscant que fóra l'autor el que tingués la llibertat de reproducció i difusió de les seves obres. (ca) Das englische Statute of Anne (vollständiger Titel: An Act for the Encouragement of Learning, by Vesting the Copies of Printed Books in the Authors or Purchasers of such Copies, during the Times therein mentioned) gilt als das erste moderne Urheberschutzgesetz. Es trat am 10. April 1710 in Kraft. Namensgeberin für die Kurzform ist Königin Anne, die zu dieser Zeit regierte. Erstmals wurde darin das Recht des Autors an seinem Werk formuliert, das zuvor bei der Buchhändlergilde (Stationers’ Company) gelegen hatte. Nach der Präambel war der Zweck »the Encouragement of Learning«, also die Förderung der Bildung. Dieser Zweck sollte verwirklicht werden, indem das exklusive Druckrecht (right to copy) den jeweiligen Autoren oder den Erwerbern dieses Rechts für die im Gesetz bestimmte Zeit eingeräumt wurde. Durch das Statute of Anne wurde die Stationers’ Company geschwächt, da das ausschließliche Recht zum Druck der Gilde endgültig aufgehoben blieb und Druckrechte auch außerhalb der Gilde gehandelt werden konnten. In dem Gesetz wurde festgestellt, dass in jüngster Zeit Drucker, Buchhändler und andere sich die Freiheit genommen hatten, Bücher zu veröffentlichen, ohne die Zustimmung der Autoren oder sonstigen Eigentümer der Schriften erhalten zu haben, die dadurch bis hin zum Ruin geschädigt worden seien. Um diesen Vorgängen vorzubeugen und um Gelehrte anzuregen, nützliche Bücher zu schreiben, sei das Gesetz erlassen worden. Es werden drei Aspekte genannt, namentlich * die Förderung der Bildung (»Encouragement of Learning«); * die Anregung der Gelehrten, nützliche Bücher zu verfassen (»Encouragement of Learned Men to Compose and Write useful Books«); * die Verhinderung finanzieller Nachteile für Autoren oder Rechteverwerter durch den Nachdruck, indem diesen ein befristetes Ausschlussrecht eingeräumt wird (»by Vesting the Copies of Printed Books in the Authors or Purchasers of such Copies, during the Times therein mentioned«). Für neue Werke begrenzte das Gesetz die Schutzfrist auf 14 Jahre. Nach deren Ablauf stand dem lebenden Autor eine Verlängerung um weitere 14 Jahre zu. Die Frist begann mit der ersten Veröffentlichung, nicht mit Schaffung des jeweiligen Werks zu laufen. Es heißt ausdrücklich, dass der Schutz mit Ablauf der Frist enden solle (»and no longer«). Der Charakter des Ausschlussrechts nach dem Statute of Anne entsprach dem von der Gilde geschaffenen right to copy einschließlich des Erfordernisses der Registrierung. Der wichtigste Unterschied im Hinblick auf den Charakter des Rechts ergibt sich aus der Tatsache, dass ab Veröffentlichung der Fristenlauf einsetzte. Das Recht konnte dementsprechend weiterhin in ideelle Anteile geteilt und vollständig übertragen werden. Im Hinblick auf möglicherweise bereits vor Inkrafttreten bestehende Rechte blieb das Gesetz unklar. Die Regelung räumte dem Autor von bei Inkrafttreten bereits gedruckten Werken einen Schutz von 21 Jahren ein, sofern er nicht darüber verfügt hatte. Andere Personen, die »the Copy or Copies of any Book or Books« zum Druck erworben hatten, erhielten den gleichen Schutz. Nach dem Wortlaut sollte aber kein bereits bestehendes Recht gesichert, sondern dieses erst geschaffen werden. Jedoch wurden der frühere Erwerb von Druckrechten (»[...] Printer or other Person, who hath already Purchased or Acquired [...] the Copy or Copies of any Book or Books, Share or Shares thereof [...]«) für wirksam erklärt (wenn auch der Schutz 21 Jahre nach Inkrafttreten des Gesetzes enden sollte). (de) El Estatuto de la Reina Ana (en idioma inglés "An Act for the Encouragement of Learning, by vesting the Copies of Printed Books in the Authors or purchasers of such Copies, during the Times therein mentioned"), promulgado el 10 de abril de 1710, constituye un antecedente histórico de gran importancia en el ámbito de los derechos de propiedad intelectual. Fue la primera norma legal que reconoció lo que se conoce en el derecho anglosajón como copyright. Esta normativa fue enfocada a corregir los problemas existentes en ese momento en torno a la reproducción y venta de obras literarias. La misma le reconoce al autor su derecho de propiedad. Lo que se pretendía era eliminar los monopolios que se habían creado y brindarle al autor el reconocimiento como titular de su obra y por consiguiente de los derechos que de ella derivan, entre estos, el de autorizar la reproducción de su obra y poder escoger el editor que las realice. Se buscaba de igual forma el fomentar las artes literarias y artísticas pero siempre buscando que sea el autor el que tenga la libertad de reproducción y difusión de sus obras. (es) The Statute of Anne, also known as the Copyright Act 1710 (cited either as 8 Ann. c. 21 or as 8 Ann. c. 19), was an act of the Parliament of Great Britain passed in 1710, which was the first statute to provide for copyright regulated by the government and courts, rather than by private parties. Prior to the statute's enactment in 1710, copying restrictions were authorized by the Licensing of the Press Act 1662. These restrictions were enforced by the Stationers' Company, a guild of printers given the exclusive power to print—and the responsibility to censor—literary works. The censorship administered under the Licensing Act led to public protest; as the act had to be renewed at two-year intervals, authors and others sought to prevent its reauthorisation. In 1694, Parliament refused to renew the Licensing Act, ending the Stationers' monopoly and press restrictions. Over the next 10 years the Stationers repeatedly advocated bills to re-authorize the old licensing system, but Parliament declined to enact them. Faced with this failure, the Stationers decided to emphasise the benefits of licensing to authors rather than publishers, and the Stationers succeeded in getting Parliament to consider a new bill. This bill, which after substantial amendments was granted Royal Assent on 5 April 1710, became known as the Statute of Anne owing to its passage during the reign of Queen Anne. The new law prescribed a copyright term of 14 years, with a provision for renewal for a similar term, during which only the author and the printers to whom they chose to license their works could publish the author's creations. Following this, the work's copyright would expire, with the material falling into the public domain. Despite a period of instability known as the Battle of the Booksellers when the initial copyright terms under the Statute began to expire, the Statute of Anne remained in force until the Copyright Act 1842 replaced it. The statute is considered a "watershed event in Anglo-American copyright history ... transforming what had been the publishers' private law copyright into a public law grant". Under the statute, copyright was for the first time vested in authors rather than publishers; it also included provisions for the public interest, such as a legal deposit scheme. The Statute was an influence on copyright law in several other nations, including the United States, and even in the 21st century is "frequently invoked by modern judges and academics as embodying the utilitarian underpinnings of copyright law". (en) Le Copyright Act de 1710, également connu comme le Statute of Anne, du nom de la reine de l'époque, est une loi du Parlement qui est la première à permettre une régulation du copyright par le gouvernement et les tribunaux au lieu d'accords entre personnes privées. Cette loi permet à l'auteur d'obtenir le droit exclusif d'impression de son œuvre et introduit le premier élément de droit patrimonial sur les œuvres artistiques. Avant cette loi, le Licensing Act de 1662 permettait des restrictions au droit de copie et seule une corporation (appelée Stationers' Company) avait le droit d'imprimer en Grande-Bretagne et la responsabilité de censurer les écrits. En 1694, le Parlement refuse de renouveler le Licensing Act mettant ainsi fin au monopole de la Stationers' Company. Après 10 ans de négociations la Stationers' Company propose un système de licence par auteur et non plus par imprimeur, idée qui cette fois sera considérée favorablement par le Parlement et aboutira au Statute of Anne. Cette loi fixe une durée de droit d'auteur de 14 ans — avec une seule possibilité de renouvellement — pour les ouvrages nouvellement édités ; à l'issue de cette période l’œuvre entre dans le domaine public. Le Statute of Anne fut rédigé en 1709 et appliqué du 10 avril 1710 jusqu'au Copyright Act de 1842. Cette loi a influencé la réglementation du copyright dans plusieurs autres nations dont les États-Unis et fait l'objet d'une bibliographie abondante. (fr) Lo Statuto di Anna, titolo breve Copyright Act 1709 8 Anne c.19 (titolo completo An Act for the Encouragement of Learning, by vesting the Copies of Printed Books in the Authors or purchasers of such Copies, during the Times therein mentioned), è stata la prima legge sul copyright nel Regno di Gran Bretagna (oggi Regno Unito). È stato promulgato nel 1709 ed è entrato in vigore il 10 aprile 1710. Esso è generalmente considerato il primo statuto completo sul copyright. Prende nome dalla regina Anna di Gran Bretagna, durante il cui regno fu promulgato; oggi è considerato l'origine della legge sul copyright. (it) アン法、アン女王法、あるいはアン条例（英: Copyright Act 1709 8 Anne c.19, Statute of Anne）は、「書物その他の書かれた物」を保護の対象とした、英国の最初の著作権法である。正式な名称は、An Act for the Encouragement of Learning, by vesting the Copies of Printed Books in the Authors or purchasers of such Copies, during the Times therein mentionedであり、直訳すると「一定期間の間、印刷された本の複写を、著者やその本の購入者に帰属させることにより、学問の推奨を行う法律」である。1710年4月5日に議会で可決され、同日にされた後、1710年4月10日より施行となった。これは、世界で最初の本格的な著作権に関する法律であり、制定された時の女王であるアン女王の名から命名された。 著作権に関するいくつかの研究論文では、法案の可決は1709年の日付を示している。しかし英国の司法・行政文書の多くは、日本の元号の概念に類するが用いられており、新年が3月から1月に変更されたため、現在の西暦においては法案の可決は1710年となる。 (ja) O Estatuto da Rainha Ana, promulgado em 10 de abril de 1710, constitui um antecedente histórico de grande importância no âmbito dos direitos de propriedade intelectual. Foi a primeira norma legal que reconheceu o que se conhece no direito anglo-saxão como copyright. Esta normativa foi enfocada a corrigir os problemas existentes nesse momento em torno da reprodução e venda de obras literárias. A mesma reconhece ao autor o seu direito de propriedade. (pt) Statut Królowej Anny (ang. Statute of Anne, także Statut Anny, pełna nazwa: pl. Akt o poparciu wiedzy, przez przyznanie autorom i nabywcom kopii wydrukowanych książek praw do takich kopii, na wskazany niżej okres czasu, ang. An Act for the Encouragement of Learning, by Vesting the Copies of Printed Books in the Authors or Purchasers of such Copies, during the Times therein mentioned) – pierwszy akt prawny chroniący prawa autorskie, uchwalony w 1710 przez Parlament Wielkiej Brytanii. Nazwa statutu nawiązuje do ówcześnie panującej królowej Wielkiej Brytanii, Anny Stuart. (pl) Статут королеви Анни — перший в історії офіційний документ, який визначав та охороняв авторські права авторів і видавців. Ухвалений в Англії 1709 р., чинності набрав 10 квітня 1710 р. Названий на честь королеви Анни, за часів правління якої статут і було ухвалено. Коротка назва статуту, яку часто можна зустріти в англомовній літературі — Copyright Act 1709. Повна назва — «An Act for the Encouragement of Learning, by vesting the Copies of Printed Books in the Authors or purchasers of such Copies, during the Times therein mentioned» (Акт про заохочення обліку шляхом надання авторам та покупцям прав на копіювання друкованих книг на нижчевказаний період часу). (uk) Стату́т короле́вы А́нны — закон о правах авторов и книгоиздателей. Принят в 1710 году (отсюда краткое название Copyright Act 1710, или, в истории права, 1709). Вступил в силу 10 апреля 1710 года. Считается первым полноценным законом об авторских правах. Назван в честь королевы Анны, в период правления которой он был принят. Статут оказал существенное влияние на законодательство в области авторских прав в Великобритании и США. Полное название «An Act for the Encouragement of Learning, by vesting the Copies of Printed Books in the Authors or purchasers of such Copies, during the Times therein mentioned» (Акт о поощрении учёности путём наделения авторов и покупателей правами на копирование печатных книг на нижеуказанный период времени) Статут королевы Анны устанавливал четырнадцатилетний срок действия копирайта для всех публикаций. Его можно было возобновить один раз при жизни автора. По окончании данного срока копирайт «истекал», и произведение переходило в разряд общедоступных, которые могли публиковать все. (ru) 《安妮法規》（英語：Statute of Anne），又稱《1710年版權法令》（Copyright Act 1710），詳題是《為鼓勵知識創作授予作者及購買者就其已印刷成冊的圖書在一定時期內之權利的法令》（An Act for the Encouragement of Learning, by vesting the Copies of Printed Books in the Authors or purchasers of such Copies, during the Times therein mentioned），是世界上第一部保護書本作者著作權的法令。這項法令於1709年在英國由安妮女王頒佈，並於1710年4月10日正式執行。 (zh) |
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| rdfs:comment | Lo Statuto di Anna, titolo breve Copyright Act 1709 8 Anne c.19 (titolo completo An Act for the Encouragement of Learning, by vesting the Copies of Printed Books in the Authors or purchasers of such Copies, during the Times therein mentioned), è stata la prima legge sul copyright nel Regno di Gran Bretagna (oggi Regno Unito). È stato promulgato nel 1709 ed è entrato in vigore il 10 aprile 1710. Esso è generalmente considerato il primo statuto completo sul copyright. Prende nome dalla regina Anna di Gran Bretagna, durante il cui regno fu promulgato; oggi è considerato l'origine della legge sul copyright. (it) アン法、アン女王法、あるいはアン条例（英: Copyright Act 1709 8 Anne c.19, Statute of Anne）は、「書物その他の書かれた物」を保護の対象とした、英国の最初の著作権法である。正式な名称は、An Act for the Encouragement of Learning, by vesting the Copies of Printed Books in the Authors or purchasers of such Copies, during the Times therein mentionedであり、直訳すると「一定期間の間、印刷された本の複写を、著者やその本の購入者に帰属させることにより、学問の推奨を行う法律」である。1710年4月5日に議会で可決され、同日にされた後、1710年4月10日より施行となった。これは、世界で最初の本格的な著作権に関する法律であり、制定された時の女王であるアン女王の名から命名された。 著作権に関するいくつかの研究論文では、法案の可決は1709年の日付を示している。しかし英国の司法・行政文書の多くは、日本の元号の概念に類するが用いられており、新年が3月から1月に変更されたため、現在の西暦においては法案の可決は1710年となる。 (ja) O Estatuto da Rainha Ana, promulgado em 10 de abril de 1710, constitui um antecedente histórico de grande importância no âmbito dos direitos de propriedade intelectual. Foi a primeira norma legal que reconheceu o que se conhece no direito anglo-saxão como copyright. Esta normativa foi enfocada a corrigir os problemas existentes nesse momento em torno da reprodução e venda de obras literárias. A mesma reconhece ao autor o seu direito de propriedade. (pt) Statut Królowej Anny (ang. Statute of Anne, także Statut Anny, pełna nazwa: pl. Akt o poparciu wiedzy, przez przyznanie autorom i nabywcom kopii wydrukowanych książek praw do takich kopii, na wskazany niżej okres czasu, ang. An Act for the Encouragement of Learning, by Vesting the Copies of Printed Books in the Authors or Purchasers of such Copies, during the Times therein mentioned) – pierwszy akt prawny chroniący prawa autorskie, uchwalony w 1710 przez Parlament Wielkiej Brytanii. Nazwa statutu nawiązuje do ówcześnie panującej królowej Wielkiej Brytanii, Anny Stuart. (pl) 《安妮法規》（英語：Statute of Anne），又稱《1710年版權法令》（Copyright Act 1710），詳題是《為鼓勵知識創作授予作者及購買者就其已印刷成冊的圖書在一定時期內之權利的法令》（An Act for the Encouragement of Learning, by vesting the Copies of Printed Books in the Authors or purchasers of such Copies, during the Times therein mentioned），是世界上第一部保護書本作者著作權的法令。這項法令於1709年在英國由安妮女王頒佈，並於1710年4月10日正式執行。 (zh) L'Estatut de la Reina Anna, promulgat el 10 d'abril de 1710, constitueix un antecedent històric de gran importància en l'àmbit dels drets de propietat intel·lectual. Va ser la primera norma legal que va reconèixer el que es coneix en el dret anglosaxó com a copyright. Aquesta normativa va ser enfocada a corregir els problemes existents en aquest moment entorn de la reproducció i venda d'obres literàries. La mateixa li reconeix a l'autor el seu dret de propietat. (ca) Das englische Statute of Anne (vollständiger Titel: An Act for the Encouragement of Learning, by Vesting the Copies of Printed Books in the Authors or Purchasers of such Copies, during the Times therein mentioned) gilt als das erste moderne Urheberschutzgesetz. Es trat am 10. April 1710 in Kraft. Namensgeberin für die Kurzform ist Königin Anne, die zu dieser Zeit regierte. (de) El Estatuto de la Reina Ana (en idioma inglés "An Act for the Encouragement of Learning, by vesting the Copies of Printed Books in the Authors or purchasers of such Copies, during the Times therein mentioned"), promulgado el 10 de abril de 1710, constituye un antecedente histórico de gran importancia en el ámbito de los derechos de propiedad intelectual. Fue la primera norma legal que reconoció lo que se conoce en el derecho anglosajón como copyright. Esta normativa fue enfocada a corregir los problemas existentes en ese momento en torno a la reproducción y venta de obras literarias. La misma le reconoce al autor su derecho de propiedad. (es) The Statute of Anne, also known as the Copyright Act 1710 (cited either as 8 Ann. c. 21 or as 8 Ann. c. 19), was an act of the Parliament of Great Britain passed in 1710, which was the first statute to provide for copyright regulated by the government and courts, rather than by private parties. (en) Le Copyright Act de 1710, également connu comme le Statute of Anne, du nom de la reine de l'époque, est une loi du Parlement qui est la première à permettre une régulation du copyright par le gouvernement et les tribunaux au lieu d'accords entre personnes privées. Cette loi permet à l'auteur d'obtenir le droit exclusif d'impression de son œuvre et introduit le premier élément de droit patrimonial sur les œuvres artistiques. (fr) Стату́т короле́вы А́нны — закон о правах авторов и книгоиздателей. Принят в 1710 году (отсюда краткое название Copyright Act 1710, или, в истории права, 1709). Вступил в силу 10 апреля 1710 года. Считается первым полноценным законом об авторских правах. Назван в честь королевы Анны, в период правления которой он был принят. Статут оказал существенное влияние на законодательство в области авторских прав в Великобритании и США. (ru) Статут королеви Анни — перший в історії офіційний документ, який визначав та охороняв авторські права авторів і видавців. Ухвалений в Англії 1709 р., чинності набрав 10 квітня 1710 р. Названий на честь королеви Анни, за часів правління якої статут і було ухвалено. (uk) |
| rdfs:label | Estatut de la Reina Anna (ca) Statute of Anne (de) Estatuto de la Reina Ana (es) Copyright Act de 1710 (fr) Statuto di Anna (it) アン法 (ja) Statut Królowej Anny (pl) Statute of Anne (en) Estatuto da Rainha Ana (pt) Статут королевы Анны (ru) Статут королеви Анни (uk) 安妮法規 (zh) |
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