Muhammad Jiwa Zainal Adilin II of Kedah (original) (raw)
- بادوكا سري السلطان محمد جوى زين العادلين معظم شاه الثاني ابن السلطان أحمد تاج الدين حليم شاه الأول (1699 - 23 سبتمبر 1778) كان السلطان التاسع عشر لسلطنة قدح. حكم من 1710/1723 إلى 1778، يٌعرف بأنه مؤسس ألور ستار والعديد من المعالم الحالية في المدينة تُنسب إليه. ذهب في رحلة إلى جمبي وفلمبان، حيث التقى بمعلم الدين العربي الشيخ عبد الجليل، ثم سافر معه إلى جاوة والهند، وعاد إلى البر الرئيسي من منفاه في لانكاوي، ثم تم تنصيبه رسميًا في مايو 1710. ونقل رأس ماله إلى ألور ستار في 20 ديسمبر 1735. أسس ألور ستار في عام 1735 على يد السلطان، وأصبحت العاصمة الثامنة لسلطنة قدح منذ عام 1136. بعد تأسيس المدينة، قام السلطان ببناء قصره، أستانة كوتا ستار. وكان المبنى الأصلي عبارة عن هيكل خشبي تعرض للهدم عدة مرات بسبب هجمات البوغيس (1770) والسيامي (1821)، وانتهى من البناء الخرساني في عهد السلطان أحمد تاج الدين حليم شاه الثاني. اشتهر هذا القصر أيضًا باسم قصر أستانا بيلامين عندما وسعت مساحة القصر لإضافة جناح وعدة غرف، عندما أراد السلطان عبد الحميد حليم شاه تزويج أمرائه وأميراته الخمسة. بعد عام 1941 استُخدم القصر كمدرسة ومكتب للعديد من المنظمات بما في ذلك مكتب فرع قدح لسيارات إسعاف سانت جون والحركات الكشفية. وفي 25 يوليو 1983 تحول القصر لمتحف قدح الملكي. حققت سلطنة قدح أقصى مساحة لها خلال فترة حكمه من ترانغ في الشمال إلى كريان في الجنوب. (ar)
- Paduka Sri Sultan Muhammad Jiwa Zainal Adilin Mu'adzam Shah II ibni al-Marhum Sultan Ahmad Tajuddin Halim Shah I (1699 – 23 September 1778; also spelt Sultan Muhammad Jiwa Zain al-‘Adilan Mu’azzam Shah) was the 19th Sultan of Kedah. He reigned from 1710/1723 to 1778 and is widely known as the founder of Alor Setar and many current landmarks in the city are attributed to him. He went on pilgrimage to Jambi and Palembang, where he met the Arab religious teacher Shaikh Abdul Jalil, then journeyed with him to Java and India. He returned to the mainland from his exile in Langkawi and formally installed at the Balai Penghadapan, Istana Bukit Pinang, May 1710. He transferred his capital to Alor Star on 20 December 1735. Alor Setar was founded in 1735 by Sultan Muhammad Jiwa and was the Kedah’s eighth administrative centre since the establishment of the Kedah Sultanate in 1136. The earlier administrative centres were located in Kota Bukit Meriam, Kota Sungai Emas, Kota Siputeh, Kota Naga, Kota Sena, Kota Indera Kayangan and Kota Bukit Pinang. After founding the city, Sultan Muhammad Jiwa went on to build his palace, Istana Kota Setar. The original building was a wooden structure which had undergone demolitions several times due to attacks by the Bugis (1770) and the Siamese (1821). The current concrete building was completed during the reign of Sultan Ahmad Tajuddin Mukarram Shah. This palace is also renowned as the Istana Pelamin Palace when the space of the palace was extended to add a pavilion and several rooms when Sultan Abdul Hamid Halim Shah wanted to marry off his five princes and princesses. After 1941, this palace was used as a school and an office for several organizations including the office for the Kedah chapter of St John's Ambulance and the Scout movements. On 25 July 1983, this palace was declared the Kedah Royal Museum. Another structure attributed to Sultan Muhammad Jiwa was the Balai Besar (Grand Audience Hall). Initially the function of the building was as the Balai Rong Seri or Balai Penghadapan (audience hall), that was situated at the back area of the Istana Kota Setar complex. The pillars, roofs and floors were made of wood. It still stands to this day Balai Nobat was also built by Sultan Muhammad Jiwa upon founding of Alor Setar. The 18 metre-tall and 5 metre-wide three-tiered octagonal tower's purpose was to keep all the royal musical instruments including the serunai (wooden flute), nafiri, gendang (drum) and gong, which is known as nobat. Kedah achieved its greatest extent during his reign reaching from Terang in the north to Krian in the south. (en)
- Sultan Muhammad Jiwa Zainal Adilin II adalah Sultan Kedah ke-19. Ia memerintah dari tahun 1710 hingga tahun 1778 dan dikenal sebagai pendiri Alor Setar dan banyak sekali tempat-tempat terkenal di kota yang dikaitkan dengan dirinya. Ia merupakan penguasa melayu paling lama dalam sejarah melayu dan salah satu penguasa monarki yang berkuasa paling lama di dunia setelah memerintah selama 68 tahun. (in)
- Muhammad Jiwa Zainal Adilin II (1699 circa – Alor Setar, 23 settembre 1778) è stato sultano di Kedah dal 1710 al 1778. (it)
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- al-Azizzu ul-Mulk al-Qadir al-Ghalib Ghahr al-Maghlub, us-Sultan Khalifatu’llah ‘Ala Da’irah Kedah (en)
- Sultan and Yang di-Pertuan of the State of Kedah Dar ul-Aman (en)
- https://web.archive.org/web/20161011205623/http:/www.mykedah2.com/raja_kita/eng/040000.htm
- https://web.archive.org/web/20110717100534/http:/www.mbas.gov.my/latarbelakang%7Carchivedate=17
- http://www.mbas.gov.my/latarbelakang%7Cwork=ALOR
- https://www.google.com/books/edition/Kedah_1771_1821/oaRuAAAAMAAJ%3Fhl=en&gbpv=0
- https://www.thepatriots.asia/raja-raja-melayu-paling-lama-memerintah-dalam-sejarah/
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- Sultan Muhammad Jiwa Zainal Adilin II adalah Sultan Kedah ke-19. Ia memerintah dari tahun 1710 hingga tahun 1778 dan dikenal sebagai pendiri Alor Setar dan banyak sekali tempat-tempat terkenal di kota yang dikaitkan dengan dirinya. Ia merupakan penguasa melayu paling lama dalam sejarah melayu dan salah satu penguasa monarki yang berkuasa paling lama di dunia setelah memerintah selama 68 tahun. (in)
- Muhammad Jiwa Zainal Adilin II (1699 circa – Alor Setar, 23 settembre 1778) è stato sultano di Kedah dal 1710 al 1778. (it)
- بادوكا سري السلطان محمد جوى زين العادلين معظم شاه الثاني ابن السلطان أحمد تاج الدين حليم شاه الأول (1699 - 23 سبتمبر 1778) كان السلطان التاسع عشر لسلطنة قدح. حكم من 1710/1723 إلى 1778، يٌعرف بأنه مؤسس ألور ستار والعديد من المعالم الحالية في المدينة تُنسب إليه. ذهب في رحلة إلى جمبي وفلمبان، حيث التقى بمعلم الدين العربي الشيخ عبد الجليل، ثم سافر معه إلى جاوة والهند، وعاد إلى البر الرئيسي من منفاه في لانكاوي، ثم تم تنصيبه رسميًا في مايو 1710. ونقل رأس ماله إلى ألور ستار في 20 ديسمبر 1735. حققت سلطنة قدح أقصى مساحة لها خلال فترة حكمه من ترانغ في الشمال إلى كريان في الجنوب. (ar)
- Paduka Sri Sultan Muhammad Jiwa Zainal Adilin Mu'adzam Shah II ibni al-Marhum Sultan Ahmad Tajuddin Halim Shah I (1699 – 23 September 1778; also spelt Sultan Muhammad Jiwa Zain al-‘Adilan Mu’azzam Shah) was the 19th Sultan of Kedah. He reigned from 1710/1723 to 1778 and is widely known as the founder of Alor Setar and many current landmarks in the city are attributed to him. Kedah achieved its greatest extent during his reign reaching from Terang in the north to Krian in the south. (en)
- محمد جوى زين العادلين معظم شاه الثاني (ar)
- Sultan Muhammad Jiwa Zainal Adilin II (in)
- Muhammad Jiwa Zainal Adilin II di Kedah (it)
- Muhammad Jiwa Zainal Adilin II of Kedah (en)
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