Tītokowaru's War (original) (raw)

dbo:abstract

Tītokowaru's War was a military conflict that took place in the South Taranaki region of New Zealand's North Island from June 1868 to March 1869 between the Ngāti Ruanui and Ngāruahine Māori tribes and the New Zealand Government. The conflict, near the conclusion of the New Zealand wars, was a revival of hostilities of the Second Taranaki War as Riwha Tītokowaru, chief of Ngaruahine, responded to the continued surveying and settlement of confiscated land with well-planned and effective attacks on settlers and government troops in an effort to block the occupation of Māori land. The war, coinciding with a violent raid on a European settlement on the East Coast by fugitive guerrilla fighter Te Kooti, shattered what European colonists regarded as a new era of peace and prosperity, creating fears of a "general uprising of hostile Māoris", but once Tītokowaru was defeated and the East Coast threat minimised, the alienation of Māori land, as well as the political subjugation of Māori, continued at an even more rapid pace. Tītokowaru, who had fought in the Second Taranaki War, was a skilful West Coast Māori warrior. He was also a priest and prophet of the extremist Hauhau movement of the Pai Mārire religion, reviving ancient rites of cannibalism and propitiation of Māori gods with a heart torn from the first enemy slain in a battle. Although Tītokowaru's forces were numerically small and initially outnumbered in battle 12 to one by government troops, the ferocity of their attacks provoked fear among settlers and prompted the resignation and desertion of many militia volunteers, ultimately leading to the withdrawal of most government military forces from South Taranaki and giving Tītokowaru control of almost all the territory between New Plymouth and Wanganui. Tītokowaru provided the strategy and leadership that had been missing among tribes that had fought in the Second Taranaki War. His forces never lost a battle during their intensive campaign, but abandoned their resistance after being pursued into their headquarters in the swamps of Ngaere by Colonel George Stoddart Whitmore, commander of the colonial forces, on 24 March 1869, although Tītokowaru himself managed to escape. Tītokowaru's apparent invincibility created a security crisis in 1868, with the government fearing attacks on Wanganui and Manawatu. Yet according to historian James Belich, his achievements were gradually watered down to the point where his name was erased from the most widely read New Zealand histories. Belich concluded: "As a result, the military crisis of which he was the principal architect—perhaps the greatest threat to European dominance in the history of New Zealand—has all but disappeared from the received version." (en)

dbo:combatant

:Colony of New Zealand
Māoriallies
Ngāruahine
Ngāti Ruanui

dbo:commander

dbo:isPartOfMilitaryConflict

dbr:New_Zealand_wars

dbo:place

dbo:result

Ngāti Ruanui and Ngaruahine withdrawal

dbo:strength

1250
150 to 400

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wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Von_Tempsky's_death_Kennett_Watkins.jpg?width=300

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dbp:caption

Battle sites and places of interest in Tītokowaru's War (en)
The death of Gustavus von Tempsky at Te Ngutu o Te Manu by Tītokowaru's forces. Artist: Kennett Watkins. (en)

dbp:combatant

Ngāruahine (en)
Ngāti Ruanui (en)
Māori allies (en)
: Colony of New Zealand (en)

dbp:commander

23 (xsd:integer)
Thomas McDonnell (en)
George Whitmore (en)
Te Keepa (en)

dbp:conflict

Tītokowaru's War (en)

dbp:date

June 1868 – March 1869 (en)

dbp:float

right (en)

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dbr:New_Zealand_wars

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Taranaki, New Zealand (en)

dbp:result

Ngāti Ruanui and Ngaruahine withdrawal (en)

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150 (xsd:integer)
1250 (xsd:integer)

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305 (xsd:integer)

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Tītokowaru's War was a military conflict that took place in the South Taranaki region of New Zealand's North Island from June 1868 to March 1869 between the Ngāti Ruanui and Ngāruahine Māori tribes and the New Zealand Government. The conflict, near the conclusion of the New Zealand wars, was a revival of hostilities of the Second Taranaki War as Riwha Tītokowaru, chief of Ngaruahine, responded to the continued surveying and settlement of confiscated land with well-planned and effective attacks on settlers and government troops in an effort to block the occupation of Māori land. (en)

rdfs:label

Tītokowaru's War (en)

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wikipedia-en:Tītokowaru's_War?oldid=1101662448&ns=0

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Tītokowaru's War (en)

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