Tattvartha Sutra (original) (raw)
《諦義證得經》（梵語：Tattvārtha Sūtra，亦作Tattvarth-adhigama-sutra或Moksha-shastra）是烏瑪斯伐蒂（梵語：Umaswati）在公元2至5世紀內某一時期寫成的耆那教經典。 這是其中一部以梵語寫作的耆那教經典。 名詞Tattvartha由梵文字詞tattva和artha組成。tattva解作「真實、真理」，而artha解作「本質、意義」，合起來就是「真實的本質」的意思。 《諦義證得經》被視為其中一部最早期且最具權威性的耆那教經典，為天衣派、白衣派和其他耆那教分支一致認可。這是一部哲學性著作，它在耆那教裡的重要性與印度教中的《梵經》（梵語：Brahmasutra）和《瑜伽經》相若。它以印度傳統的格言（sutra）形式，在短短10章內以350節呈現了完整的耆那教哲學。 從5世紀起，這部經典引起了大量評論、翻譯和詮釋。 當中的一節Parasparopagraho Jīvānām是耆那教的格言，中文意思為「靈魂的作用在於互相幫助」， 或「靈魂為彼此給予服務」。
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| dbo:abstract | Le Tattvartha Sutra appelé aussi Tattvarthadigama Sutra ou Shastra-Moksha est un des premiers textes du jaïnisme apportant les bases de cette religion. Il est reconnu à l'heure actuelle par les deux branches de cette foi, fait rare; et c'est pourquoi les historiens pensent qu'il a été écrit avant le schisme, entre le Ve et IIe avant notre ère. Il est composé de dix chapitres écrits en sanskrit. Son titre se traduit par: La Vraie nature des réalités ou Le Manuel pour comprendre les réalités. Accrédité à Umaswati, il pose les bases philosophiques et doctrinales du jaïnisme. Le premier chapitre porte sur le savoir et la connaissance; les trois suivants sur la cosmographie jaïne; le karma, les substances: les dravyas sont ensuite décrits. Le dernier chapitre parle de la libération: le moksha. Les Trois Joyaux, base des religions orientales est aussi un sujet abordés. (fr) Tattvārthasūtra, meaning "On the Nature [artha] of Reality [tattva]" (also known as Tattvarth-adhigama-sutra or Moksha-shastra) is an ancient Jain text written by Acharya Umaswami in Sanskrit, sometime between the 2nd- and 5th-century CE. The Tattvārthasūtra is regarded as one of the earliest, most authoritative texts in Jainism. It is accepted as authoritative in both its major sub-traditions – Digambara and Śvētāmbara – as well as the minor sub-traditions. It is a philosophical text, and its importance in Jainism is comparable with that of the Brahma Sutras and Yoga Sutras of Patanjali in Hinduism. In an aphoristic sutra style of ancient Indian texts, it presents the complete Jainism philosophy in 350 sutras over 10 chapters. The text has attracted numerous commentaries, translations and interpretations since the 5th-century. One of its sutras, Parasparopagraho Jivanam is the motto of Jainism. Its meaning is interpreted as "(The function) of souls is to help one another", or "Souls render service to one another". (en) Il Tattvārthasūtra è una delle opere più importanti della tradizione del Giainismo. È attribuito a , saggio giainista vissuto in un periodo non ben identificato, tra il II al V secolo d.C., e il significato del titolo può essere reso come “I sūtra sulla verità” o, più diffusamente “I sūtra sul significato della realtà”. Si tratta di un testo accettato sia dalla comunità degli Śvetāmbara, sia da quella dei Digambara. È scritto in sanscrito e molto importanti sono alcuni commentari, di Pūjyapāda (secolo VI), Akalaṅka (secolo VIII) e Vidyānandi (sec. IX). È uno dei più antichi testi giainisti e contiene, tra le altre cose, il sūtra che costituisce il motto del giainismo parasparopagraha jivānām che può essere reso come “Le anime sono nella condizione di corrispondenza reciproca” (5.21). Oltre a svariate traduzioni in inglese è stato recentemente tradotto in italiano da Pietro Chierichetti. (it) 《諦義證得經》（梵語：Tattvārtha Sūtra，亦作Tattvarth-adhigama-sutra或Moksha-shastra）是烏瑪斯伐蒂（梵語：Umaswati）在公元2至5世紀內某一時期寫成的耆那教經典。 這是其中一部以梵語寫作的耆那教經典。 名詞Tattvartha由梵文字詞tattva和artha組成。tattva解作「真實、真理」，而artha解作「本質、意義」，合起來就是「真實的本質」的意思。 《諦義證得經》被視為其中一部最早期且最具權威性的耆那教經典，為天衣派、白衣派和其他耆那教分支一致認可。這是一部哲學性著作，它在耆那教裡的重要性與印度教中的《梵經》（梵語：Brahmasutra）和《瑜伽經》相若。它以印度傳統的格言（sutra）形式，在短短10章內以350節呈現了完整的耆那教哲學。 從5世紀起，這部經典引起了大量評論、翻譯和詮釋。 當中的一節Parasparopagraho Jīvānām是耆那教的格言，中文意思為「靈魂的作用在於互相幫助」， 或「靈魂為彼此給予服務」。 (zh) |
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| dbo:wikiPageExternalLink | https://archive.org/details/Reality_JMT https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=X8iAAgAAQBAJ https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=OgMmceadQ3gC https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=wE6v6ahxHi8C https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=zLmx9bvtglkC https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=tfIKWYrGjVgC https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=PZk-4HOMzsoC https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=0Rw4RwN9Q1kC https://archive.org/details/Tattvarthsutra https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=0Rw4RwN9Q1kC%7Caccess-date=27 https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=iso8BAAAQBAJ http://www.fas.harvard.edu/~pluralsm/affiliates/jainism/article/tattvarth.htm http://crossasia-repository.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/1790/ https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=qLNQKGcDIhsC https://www.wisdomlib.org/jainism/book/tattvartha-sutra-with-commentary |
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| rdfs:comment | 《諦義證得經》（梵語：Tattvārtha Sūtra，亦作Tattvarth-adhigama-sutra或Moksha-shastra）是烏瑪斯伐蒂（梵語：Umaswati）在公元2至5世紀內某一時期寫成的耆那教經典。 這是其中一部以梵語寫作的耆那教經典。 名詞Tattvartha由梵文字詞tattva和artha組成。tattva解作「真實、真理」，而artha解作「本質、意義」，合起來就是「真實的本質」的意思。 《諦義證得經》被視為其中一部最早期且最具權威性的耆那教經典，為天衣派、白衣派和其他耆那教分支一致認可。這是一部哲學性著作，它在耆那教裡的重要性與印度教中的《梵經》（梵語：Brahmasutra）和《瑜伽經》相若。它以印度傳統的格言（sutra）形式，在短短10章內以350節呈現了完整的耆那教哲學。 從5世紀起，這部經典引起了大量評論、翻譯和詮釋。 當中的一節Parasparopagraho Jīvānām是耆那教的格言，中文意思為「靈魂的作用在於互相幫助」， 或「靈魂為彼此給予服務」。 (zh) Le Tattvartha Sutra appelé aussi Tattvarthadigama Sutra ou Shastra-Moksha est un des premiers textes du jaïnisme apportant les bases de cette religion. Il est reconnu à l'heure actuelle par les deux branches de cette foi, fait rare; et c'est pourquoi les historiens pensent qu'il a été écrit avant le schisme, entre le Ve et IIe avant notre ère. Il est composé de dix chapitres écrits en sanskrit. Son titre se traduit par: La Vraie nature des réalités ou Le Manuel pour comprendre les réalités. Accrédité à Umaswati, il pose les bases philosophiques et doctrinales du jaïnisme. Le premier chapitre porte sur le savoir et la connaissance; les trois suivants sur la cosmographie jaïne; le karma, les substances: les dravyas sont ensuite décrits. Le dernier chapitre parle de la libération: le moksha. (fr) Tattvārthasūtra, meaning "On the Nature [artha] of Reality [tattva]" (also known as Tattvarth-adhigama-sutra or Moksha-shastra) is an ancient Jain text written by Acharya Umaswami in Sanskrit, sometime between the 2nd- and 5th-century CE. One of its sutras, Parasparopagraho Jivanam is the motto of Jainism. Its meaning is interpreted as "(The function) of souls is to help one another", or "Souls render service to one another". (en) Il Tattvārthasūtra è una delle opere più importanti della tradizione del Giainismo. È attribuito a , saggio giainista vissuto in un periodo non ben identificato, tra il II al V secolo d.C., e il significato del titolo può essere reso come “I sūtra sulla verità” o, più diffusamente “I sūtra sul significato della realtà”. Si tratta di un testo accettato sia dalla comunità degli Śvetāmbara, sia da quella dei Digambara. È scritto in sanscrito e molto importanti sono alcuni commentari, di Pūjyapāda (secolo VI), Akalaṅka (secolo VIII) e Vidyānandi (sec. IX). (it) |
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