Temporal envelope and fine structure (original) (raw)
L’enveloppe temporelle (ENV) et la structure temporelle fine (TFS) sont des variations d’amplitude et de fréquence dans les sons. Ces fluctuations temporelles sont responsables de nombreux aspects de la perception auditive, notamment la perception de la sonie, de la hauteur et du timbre, et la localisation sonore.
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| dbo:abstract | L’enveloppe temporelle (ENV) et la structure temporelle fine (TFS) sont des variations d’amplitude et de fréquence dans les sons. Ces fluctuations temporelles sont responsables de nombreux aspects de la perception auditive, notamment la perception de la sonie, de la hauteur et du timbre, et la localisation sonore. Lorsqu’ils sont traités par le système auditif périphérique, les sons sont décomposés sur un ensemble de bandes fréquentielles. Les signaux à bande étroite résultants véhiculent de l’information à différentes échelles de temps, allant de moins d’une milliseconde à plusieurs centaines de millisecondes. Une séparation entre l’enveloppe temporelle (les fluctuations lentes) et la structure temporelle fine (les fluctuations rapides) dans chaque bande de fréquence a été proposée pour expliquer différents aspects de la perception auditive. Une série d’études psychophysiques, électrophysiologies et computationnelles basées sur cette dichotomie enveloppe temporelle / structure temporelle fine ont examiné le rôle de ces indices temporels dans l’identification de sons et la communication, comment ces indices sont traités par le système auditif central et périphérique, ainsi que l’effet du vieillissement et des dommages cochléaires sur ce traitement. Bien que cette dichotomie soit encore débattue et que la question de l’encodage de ces indices par le système auditif reste ouverte, ces études ont donné lieu à un certain nombre d’applications dans des champs incluant le traitement de la parole, l’audiologie clinique, et la correction des surdités de perception au moyen d’implants cochléaires et de prothèses auditives. (fr) Temporal envelope (ENV) and temporal fine structure (TFS) are changes in the amplitude and frequency of sound perceived by humans over time. These temporal changes are responsible for several aspects of auditory perception, including loudness, pitch and timbre perception and spatial hearing. Complex sounds such as speech or music are decomposed by the peripheral auditory system of humans into narrow frequency bands. The resulting narrow-band signals convey information at different time scales ranging from less than one millisecond to hundreds of milliseconds. A dichotomy between slow "temporal envelope" cues and faster "temporal fine structure" cues has been proposed to study several aspects of auditory perception (e.g., loudness, pitch and timbre perception, auditory scene analysis, sound localization) at two distinct time scales in each frequency band. Over the last decades, a wealth of psychophysical, electrophysiological and computational studies based on this envelope/fine-structure dichotomy have examined the role of these temporal cues in sound identification and communication, how these temporal cues are processed by the peripheral and central auditory system, and the effects of aging and cochlear damage on temporal auditory processing. Although the envelope/fine-structure dichotomy has been debated and questions remain as to how temporal fine structure cues are actually encoded in the auditory system, these studies have led to a range of applications in various fields including speech and audio processing, clinical audiology and rehabilitation of sensorineural hearing loss via hearing aids or cochlear implants. (en) |
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| rdfs:comment | L’enveloppe temporelle (ENV) et la structure temporelle fine (TFS) sont des variations d’amplitude et de fréquence dans les sons. Ces fluctuations temporelles sont responsables de nombreux aspects de la perception auditive, notamment la perception de la sonie, de la hauteur et du timbre, et la localisation sonore. (fr) Temporal envelope (ENV) and temporal fine structure (TFS) are changes in the amplitude and frequency of sound perceived by humans over time. These temporal changes are responsible for several aspects of auditory perception, including loudness, pitch and timbre perception and spatial hearing. (en) |
| rdfs:label | Enveloppe temporelle et structure temporelle fine (fr) Temporal envelope and fine structure (en) |
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