Toichiro Kinoshita (original) (raw)
Tōichirō Kinoshita (木下 東一郎 Kinoshita Tōichirō?; Tokyo, 23 gennaio 1925) è un fisico giapponese.
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| dbo:abstract | Tōichirō Kinoshita (jap. 木下 東一郎, Kinoshita Tōichirō; * 23. Januar 1925 in Tokio) ist ein japanischer theoretischer Physiker. Kinoshita studierte Physik an der Universität Tokio, wo er 1947 seinen Bachelor-Grad erwarb und 1952 promoviert wurde. Danach war er zwei Jahre als Postdoc am Institute for Advanced Study und 1954 an der Columbia University. Ab 1954 war er an der Cornell University, 1955 als Assistant Professor, 1958 als Associate Professor und ab 1960 als voller Professor (ab 1992 als Goldwin Smith Professor) am Newman Laboratory of Nuclear Studies der Cornell University. 1962/63 war er als Ford Fellow am CERN. 1995 emeritierte er. Er war Gastprofessor u. a. an der Universität Tokio, am CERN und am Nationalen Labor für Hochenergiephysik KEK in Japan. Kinoshita ist bekannt für seine extensiven Präzisionsberechnungen fundamentaler Größen in der Quantenelektrodynamik (unter Einschluss der elektroschwachen Theorie und anderer Korrekturen aus dem Standardmodell) wie den anomalen magnetischen Momenten der Leptonen (Elektron, Myon) und dem Spektrum des Positroniums (dem gebundenen Zustand aus Elektron und Positron) und Myoniums, die eine immer genauere Überprüfung der Theorie mit dem Experiment ermöglichten. Daneben beschäftigte er sich auch mit Quantenchromodynamik und Quarkonium-Spektroskopie (mit Estia Eichten, Kenneth Lane, Kurt Gottfried und anderen in den 1970er Jahren). 2001 musste er bei seiner Berechnung des anomalen magnetischen Moments des Myons einen Fehler eingestehen, nachdem Experimente in Brookhaven eine Diskrepanz in der 9. Nachkommastelle erkennen ließen, worauf man schon glaubte, „neuer Physik“ auf die Spur gekommen zu sein. Eine Gruppe in Marseille überprüfte daraufhin Kinoshitas Rechnung, ebenso wie dieser selbst, der den Fehler auf einen Vorzeichenfehler des verwendeten Computeralgebra-Programms zurückführte. 1973/74 war er Guggenheim Fellow. 1990 erhielt er den Sakurai-Preis. Er ist seit 1991 Mitglied der National Academy of Sciences. (de) Tōichirō Kinoshita (木下東一郎, Kinoshita Tōichirō ; b. 23 January 1925 in Tokyo) is a Japanese-American theoretical physicist. Kinoshita studied physics at the University of Tokyo, earning his bachelor's degree in 1947 and then his PhD in 1952. Afterwards he spent two years as a postdoctoral researcher of the Institute of Advanced Study, Princeton, New Jersey, and then one year at Columbia University. His research interests include quantum field theory, and the Standard Model. He has been working at Cornell University since 1955. He was at first a research associate. In 1958 he became assistant professor, in 1960 associate professor. He became a full professor in 1963 (starting from 1992 as Goldwin Smith professor) at Newman Laboratory of Nuclear Studies of Cornell University. In 1962-63 he was a Ford Fellow at CERN. In 1995 he retired from Cornell as professor emeritus. He was a guest professor at the University of Tokyo, at CERN, and at the national laboratory for high-energy physics KEK in Japan. Kinoshita is known for his extensive precision computations of fundamental quantities in quantum electrodynamics. The fundamental quantities involved electroweak theory and corrections related to the Standard Model, such as the anomalous magnetic moments of both the electron and the muon and the spectra of positronium and muonium, which made possible far more exact comparisons between theory and experiment. In 1962 he introduced the Kinoshita-Lee-Nauenberg theorem. In the 1970s he worked on quantum chromodynamics and quarkonium - spectroscopy with Estia Eichten, Kenneth Lane, Kurt Gottfried. In 2001 Kinoshita had to admit there was an error in his computation of the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon, after experiments at Brookhaven discovered a discrepancy in the 9th to-right-of-the-decimal-point position — leading many to believe that experimental evidence had revealed "new physics". However, a group in Marseille examined Kinoshita's calculation in precise detail and found that the error resulted from a sign error within the computer algebra program used for the original calculation. When the software bug was fixed, the discrepancy was resolved. In 1973-1974 he was a Guggenheim Fellow. He received in 1990 the Sakurai prize. In 1991 he became a member of National Academy of Sciences. (en) Tōichirō Kinoshita (木下 東一郎 Kinoshita Tōichirō?; Tokyo, 23 gennaio 1925) è un fisico giapponese. (it) 木下 東一郎（きのした とういちろう、1925年〈大正14年〉1月23日 - ）は、日本出身の物理学者（理論物理学）。量子電磁力学の分野で、特に電子の異常磁気能率の理論による計算を精密に行い、観測と理論が10桁という高い精度で一致することを示した。 (ja) |
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| rdfs:comment | Tōichirō Kinoshita (木下 東一郎 Kinoshita Tōichirō?; Tokyo, 23 gennaio 1925) è un fisico giapponese. (it) 木下 東一郎（きのした とういちろう、1925年〈大正14年〉1月23日 - ）は、日本出身の物理学者（理論物理学）。量子電磁力学の分野で、特に電子の異常磁気能率の理論による計算を精密に行い、観測と理論が10桁という高い精度で一致することを示した。 (ja) Tōichirō Kinoshita (jap. 木下 東一郎, Kinoshita Tōichirō; * 23. Januar 1925 in Tokio) ist ein japanischer theoretischer Physiker. Kinoshita studierte Physik an der Universität Tokio, wo er 1947 seinen Bachelor-Grad erwarb und 1952 promoviert wurde. Danach war er zwei Jahre als Postdoc am Institute for Advanced Study und 1954 an der Columbia University. Ab 1954 war er an der Cornell University, 1955 als Assistant Professor, 1958 als Associate Professor und ab 1960 als voller Professor (ab 1992 als Goldwin Smith Professor) am Newman Laboratory of Nuclear Studies der Cornell University. 1962/63 war er als Ford Fellow am CERN. 1995 emeritierte er. Er war Gastprofessor u. a. an der Universität Tokio, am CERN und am Nationalen Labor für Hochenergiephysik KEK in Japan. (de) Tōichirō Kinoshita (木下東一郎, Kinoshita Tōichirō ; b. 23 January 1925 in Tokyo) is a Japanese-American theoretical physicist. Kinoshita studied physics at the University of Tokyo, earning his bachelor's degree in 1947 and then his PhD in 1952. Afterwards he spent two years as a postdoctoral researcher of the Institute of Advanced Study, Princeton, New Jersey, and then one year at Columbia University. His research interests include quantum field theory, and the Standard Model. (en) |
| rdfs:label | Tōichirō Kinoshita (de) Tōichirō Kinoshita (it) 木下東一郎 (ja) Toichiro Kinoshita (en) |
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