| dbo:abstract |
Eine Turmwindmühle (ndl. torenmolen, engl. tower (wind)mill, frz. moulin tour) ist eine Windmühle mit zylindrischem, turmartigem Mühlenhaus aus Stein und fester Kappe (später mit drehbarer Haube), wie sie schon im 13. und 14. Jahrhundert auf Burgmauern (Burg Hammerstein), Festungsbauten und Befestigungswällen (Zons, Köln – Bottmühle, Ulrepforte u. a. –, Wijk bij Duurstede nahe Utrecht, Niederlande) errichtet wurde. Am Niederrhein heißen diese dort häufiger anzutreffenden Festungsmühlen wegen ihrer gedrungenen Bauart auch Bären(mühlen). (de) La turmuelejo estas ronda, fortike konstruita brika ventmuelejo por mueli grenon, kiu unue estis menciita en la jaro 1450.En Nederlando de ĉi tiu tipo ankoraŭ restas ekzempleroj en Lienden, Zeddam, Zevenaar (Gelderland) kaj Gronsveld (Limburgo).De ĉi tiu muelejo nur la ĉapo estas (de interne) turnebla. (eo) Kincir menara adalah sebuah jenis kincir angin vertikal yang terdiri dari menara bata atau batu, yang diduduki sebuah atap atau 'puncak' kayu, yang dapat memutar untuk menangkap angin. (in) A tower mill is a type of vertical windmill consisting of a brick or stone tower, on which sits a wooden 'cap' or roof, which can rotate to bring the sails into the wind. This rotating cap on a firm masonry base gave tower mills great advantages over earlier post mills, as they could stand much higher, bear larger sails, and thus afford greater reach into the wind. Windmills in general had been known to civilization for centuries, but the tower mill represented an improvement on traditional western-style windmills. The tower mill was an important source of power for Europe for nearly 600 years from 1300 to 1900, contributing to 25 percent of the industrial power of all wind machines before the advent of the steam engine and coal power. It represented a modification or a demonstration of improving and adapting technology that had been known by humans for ages. Although these types of mills were effective, some argue that, owing to their complexity, they would have initially been built mainly by the most wealthy individuals. (en) De torenmolen is een ronde, zwaar gebouwde stenen windmolen voor het malen van graan, die, wat zijn eerste vermelding betreft, teruggaat tot 1280. De romp is cilindrisch of nagenoeg cilindrisch van vorm en heeft tot 280 cm dikke muren. Oorspronkelijk waren er hoog in de molen maar twee zolders, de kapzolder met daaronder de maalzolder. De torenmolen had vroeger alleen een buitentrap, waarmee men op de maalzolder van de molen kon komen.In Nederland zijn van dit type molen nog exemplaren aanwezig in Zeddam, Zevenaar en Gronsveld. De molen De Zwaan in Lienden wordt door sommigen ook als een torenmolen gezien, maar anderen vinden dit geen torenmolen. Achter Kasteel Well bevindt zich een molenromp van een torenmolen, de zogenaamde Drakentoren. Van de torenmolens (in Lienden, Zeddam en Zevenaar) is alleen de kap van binnenuit verkruibaar (binnenkruier). De torenmolens de Grafelijke Korenmolen te Zeddam en De Buitenmolen te Zevenaar hebben twee kruiwerken. De enige torenmolen met een buitenkruiwerk (buitenkruier) is de molen van Gronsveld in Maastricht-Gronsveld, provincie Limburg, die oorspronkelijk ook als binnenkruier is gebouwd, maar in de 18e eeuw een buitenkruiwerk kreeg. Zowel binnenkruiers als buitenkruiers behoren tot de groep van bovenkruiers. De Torenmolen van Gronsveld is de zuidelijkst gelegen windmolen van Nederland. De Grafelijke Korenmolen te Zeddam is de meest originele torenmolen en de oudste molen van Nederland. Tot hij in 1929 werd afgebroken was de torenmolen te Huissen de oudste torenmolen van Nederland. Oorspronkelijk had een torenmolen maar één maalkoppel, dat op de kapzolder lag en direct door het bovenwiel werd aangedreven net zoals bij de standerdmolen. Bij de nog bestaande torenmolens liggen de maalkoppels nu lager in de molen. Het ophijsen met het luiwerk gebeurt in de muur of gebeurde zoals bij de standerdmolen buiten langs de molen. Een torenmolen heeft voor het bedienen van de vang (rem) een vangtrommel. De vangtrommel is ook op latere typen molens toegepast; vooral in Zuid-Nederland, omdat daar de meeste torenmolens stonden. (nl) |
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http://visual.merriam-webster.com/energy/wind-energy/windmill/tower-mill.php http://www.fdmf.fr/ https://heritage.warwickshire.gov.uk/visit/chesterton-windmill http://www.molendatabase.nl/nederland/molen_e.php%3Fnummer=1280 http://www.windmillworld.com/world/barbados.htm http://www.sussexmillsgroup.org.uk/towermill.htm http://www.theagenda.nl/e7928_molen-bekijken-lana-mariana.html%3FeID=69464 http://www.norfolkmills.co.uk/Windmills/billingford-pyrleston-towermill.html |
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Eine Turmwindmühle (ndl. torenmolen, engl. tower (wind)mill, frz. moulin tour) ist eine Windmühle mit zylindrischem, turmartigem Mühlenhaus aus Stein und fester Kappe (später mit drehbarer Haube), wie sie schon im 13. und 14. Jahrhundert auf Burgmauern (Burg Hammerstein), Festungsbauten und Befestigungswällen (Zons, Köln – Bottmühle, Ulrepforte u. a. –, Wijk bij Duurstede nahe Utrecht, Niederlande) errichtet wurde. Am Niederrhein heißen diese dort häufiger anzutreffenden Festungsmühlen wegen ihrer gedrungenen Bauart auch Bären(mühlen). (de) La turmuelejo estas ronda, fortike konstruita brika ventmuelejo por mueli grenon, kiu unue estis menciita en la jaro 1450.En Nederlando de ĉi tiu tipo ankoraŭ restas ekzempleroj en Lienden, Zeddam, Zevenaar (Gelderland) kaj Gronsveld (Limburgo).De ĉi tiu muelejo nur la ĉapo estas (de interne) turnebla. (eo) Kincir menara adalah sebuah jenis kincir angin vertikal yang terdiri dari menara bata atau batu, yang diduduki sebuah atap atau 'puncak' kayu, yang dapat memutar untuk menangkap angin. (in) A tower mill is a type of vertical windmill consisting of a brick or stone tower, on which sits a wooden 'cap' or roof, which can rotate to bring the sails into the wind. This rotating cap on a firm masonry base gave tower mills great advantages over earlier post mills, as they could stand much higher, bear larger sails, and thus afford greater reach into the wind. Windmills in general had been known to civilization for centuries, but the tower mill represented an improvement on traditional western-style windmills. The tower mill was an important source of power for Europe for nearly 600 years from 1300 to 1900, contributing to 25 percent of the industrial power of all wind machines before the advent of the steam engine and coal power. (en) De torenmolen is een ronde, zwaar gebouwde stenen windmolen voor het malen van graan, die, wat zijn eerste vermelding betreft, teruggaat tot 1280. De romp is cilindrisch of nagenoeg cilindrisch van vorm en heeft tot 280 cm dikke muren. Oorspronkelijk waren er hoog in de molen maar twee zolders, de kapzolder met daaronder de maalzolder. De torenmolen had vroeger alleen een buitentrap, waarmee men op de maalzolder van de molen kon komen.In Nederland zijn van dit type molen nog exemplaren aanwezig in Zeddam, Zevenaar en Gronsveld. De molen De Zwaan in Lienden wordt door sommigen ook als een torenmolen gezien, maar anderen vinden dit geen torenmolen. Achter Kasteel Well bevindt zich een molenromp van een torenmolen, de zogenaamde Drakentoren. (nl) |
| rdfs:label |
Tower mill (en) Turmwindmühle (de) Turmuelejo (eo) Kincir menara (in) Torenmolen (nl) |
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dbr:Ashton_Windmill |
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dbr:Caston_Windmill dbr:Pratt's_Mill,_Crowborough dbr:Quainton_Windmill dbr:Scherpenberg_mill dbr:Schoonoord,_Alverna dbr:Bardwell_Windmill dbr:Barnet_Gate_Mill dbr:Barnham_Windmill,_Suffolk dbr:Bembridge_Windmill dbr:Bidborough_Windmill dbr:Bidston_Windmill dbr:Billingford_Windmill dbr:Blackshore_Mill,_Reydon dbr:Blundeston_Windmill dbr:Braamse_Molen,_Braamt dbr:Breachwood_Green_Mill,_King's_Walden dbr:De_Buitenmolen,_Zevenaar dbr:De_Drie_Waaien,_Afferden dbr:De_Eendracht,_Gieterveen dbr:De_Hoop,_Arnhem dbr:De_Hoop,_Culemborg dbr:De_Juffer,_Gasselternijveen dbr:De_Kempermolen,_Breedenbroek dbr:De_Kroon,_Arnhem dbr:De_Noord_(Rotterdam) dbr:De_Prins_Van_Oranje,_Buren dbr:De_Prins_van_Oranje,_Bredevoort dbr:De_Verrekijker,_Bergharen dbr:De_Vlinder,_Deil dbr:De_Vrijheid,_Beesd dbr:De_Weert,_Meppel dbr:De_Wielewaal,_Beneden-Leeuwen dbr:De_Zwaan,_Lienden dbr:Debden_Windmill dbr:Denver_Windmill dbr:Holgate_Windmill dbr:Hurt_Wood_Mill,_Ewhurst dbr:John_Webb's_Mill,_Thaxted dbr:Little_Marton_Mill dbr:Union_Mills,_Burnham_Overy dbr:Veldkamps_Meuln dbr:Vinegar_Hill_Windmill dbr:Colney_Heath_Mill dbr:Copton_Pumping_Windmill dbr:Corton_Windmill dbr:Croxley_Green_Windmill dbr:Medmerry_Mill,_Selsey dbr:Melin_Llynon,_Llanddeusant dbr:Church_End_Mill,_Great_Dunmow dbr:Clavering_Windmills dbr:Clayton_Windmills dbr:Cley_Windmill dbr:Cockfield_Windmill dbr:Elphin_Windmill dbr:Frettenham_Windmill dbr:Frimley_Green_Windmill dbr:Gainsford_End_Mill,_Toppesfield dbr:Gayton_Windmill,_Norfolk dbr:Gazeley_Windmill dbr:Gibraltar_Mill,_Great_Bardfield dbr:Goldfield_Mill,_Tring dbr:Grafelijke_Korenmolen,_Zeddam dbr:Great_Bircham_Windmill dbr:Great_Ellingham_Windmill dbr:Monkton_Windmill dbr:Montefiore_Windmill dbr:Mostert's_Mill dbr:Moulin_de_Craca dbr:Museum_De_Valk dbr:The_Old_Windmill,_Brisbane dbr:Thelnetham_Windmill dbr:Lound_Windmill dbr:Shirley_Windmill dbr:Sint_Martinus,_Didam dbr:Skoulding's_Mill,_Kelsale dbr:St_Martin's_Mill,_Canterbury dbr:Stanford_Windmill dbr:Stansfield_Windmill dbr:Stansted_Mountfitchet_Windmill dbr:Stembridge_Mill,_High_Ham dbr:Stock_Windmill dbr:Stone_Cross_Windmill dbr:Subscription_Mill,_North_Leverton dbr:Aurora,_Dichteren dbr:Ballantrae_Windmill dbr:Ballycopeland_Windmill dbr:Bronkhorstermolen,_Steenderen dbr:Burgh_Windmill dbr:Burnham_Overy_Staithe_Windmill dbr:Bursledon_Windmill dbr:Button's_Mill,_Diss dbr:Buttrum's_Mill,_Woodbridge dbr:Buxhall_Windmill dbr:Cawston_Road_Mill,_Aylsham dbr:Torenmolen_van_Gronsveld,_Maastricht dbr:Tricker's_Mill,_Woodbridge dbr:Tutelina_Mill,_Great_Welnetham dbr:Walter's_Mill,_Mark_Cross dbr:Waterhall_Mill,_Patcham dbr:Wendhausen_Windmill dbr:Westwood_Marshes_Mill,_Walberswick dbr:White_Roding_Windmill dbr:Alford_Windmill dbr:Alfriston_Windmill dbr:Damside_Windmill dbr:Dutch_Windmill_(Golden_Gate_Park) dbr:East_Dereham_Windmill dbr:East_Runton_Windmill dbr:East_Wittering_Windmill dbr:East_Wretham_Windmill dbr:Edenbridge_Windmill dbr:Flixton_Road_Mill,_Bungay dbr:Fort_Green_Mill,_Aldeburgh dbr:Ovenden's_Mill,_Polegate dbr:Pakenham_Windmill dbr:Greenhill_Windmill dbr:Halnaker_Windmill dbr:Hawridge_Windmill dbr:Het_Fortuyn,_Arnhem dbr:Hickling_Mill dbr:Highdown_New_Mill,_Angmering dbr:Ashby's_Mill dbr:Aslacton_Windmill dbr:Auchinbaird_Windmill dbr:Chalton_Windmill dbr:Chesterton_Windmill dbr:Chilton_Street_Mill,_Clare dbr:Johanna,_Culemborg dbr:John_Baker's_Mill,_Barnham dbr:Kenninghall_Road_Mill,_East_Harling dbr:Langstone_Windmill dbr:Lannock_Mill,_Weston dbr:Swim_Coots_Mill,_Catfield dbr:Swingate_Mill,_Guston dbr:Dobson's_Mill dbr:Marsh_Mill dbr:Plumstead_Common_Windmill dbr:South_Marsh_Mill,_Arundel dbr:Messing_Maypole_Mill dbr:Mile_End_Farm_Mill,_Reed dbr:Mill_Lane_Mill,_Carbrooke dbr:Newport_Tower_(Rhode_Island) dbr:Nutbourne_Windmill dbr:Nyetimber_Mill dbr:Oare_Windmill dbr:Old_Buckenham_Windmill dbr:Old_Mill,_Perth dbr:Rayleigh_Windmill dbr:Reed_Mill,_Kingston dbr:Wray_Common_Mill,_Reigate dbr:Xarolla_Windmill |
| is foaf:primaryTopic of |
wikipedia-en:Tower_mill |
