Genetically modified mouse (original) (raw)

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A genetically modified mouse or genetically engineered mouse model (GEMM) is a mouse (Mus musculus) that has had its genome altered through the use of genetic engineering techniques. Genetically modified mice are commonly used for research or as animal models of human diseases, and are also used for research on genes. Together with patient-derived xenografts (PDXs), GEMMs are the most common in vivo models in cancer research. Both approaches are considered complementary and may be used to recapitulate different aspects of disease. GEMMs are also of great interest for drug development, as they facilitate target validation and the study of response, resistance, toxicity and pharmacodynamics.

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dbo:abstract A genetically modified mouse or genetically engineered mouse model (GEMM) is a mouse (Mus musculus) that has had its genome altered through the use of genetic engineering techniques. Genetically modified mice are commonly used for research or as animal models of human diseases, and are also used for research on genes. Together with patient-derived xenografts (PDXs), GEMMs are the most common in vivo models in cancer research. Both approaches are considered complementary and may be used to recapitulate different aspects of disease. GEMMs are also of great interest for drug development, as they facilitate target validation and the study of response, resistance, toxicity and pharmacodynamics. (en) Con il termine animale transgenico si intende un animale il cui genoma è stato modificato attraverso l'inserimento di uno o più geni che appartengono ad organismi di diversa specie, ossia la cui composizione genetica sia stata alterata dall'inserimento di DNA esogeno, indicato con il nome di transgene, trasmissibile alla progenie. Il processo alla base è noto come transgenesi e viene applicato anche per la creazione di topi transgenici. Ottenere topi transgenici risulta un passaggio fondamentale per la creazione di sistemi modello utili allo studio di diverse malattie, in particolare le malattie genetiche umane, l'analisi delle risposte farmacologiche ma anche per disporre di sistemi efficaci di produzione di proteine importanti dal punto di vista farmacologico e terapeutico. Tappe fondamentali per lo sviluppo della tecnica di creazione dei topi transgenici sono state: - intorno alla metà degli anni '70 l'inserimento di frammenti del DNA del virus SV40 nella cavità celomatica di embrioni di topo: l'esperimento produsse topi mutanti ma ad oggi non definibili come transgenici; - la dimostrazione nel 1980 da parte degli scienziato J. W. Gordon e F. H. Ruddle che il transgene viene trasmesso geneticamente alla progenie ottenendo grazie alle tecniche del DNA ricombinante topi definiti per la prima volta come transgenici; - l'esperimento di R. D. Palmiter e R. I. Brinster nel 1982 in cui si è introdotto il gene dell'ormone della crescita nei topi, con la dimostrazione di poter ottenere sia modificazioni del fenotipo che del genotipo. (it)
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rdfs:comment A genetically modified mouse or genetically engineered mouse model (GEMM) is a mouse (Mus musculus) that has had its genome altered through the use of genetic engineering techniques. Genetically modified mice are commonly used for research or as animal models of human diseases, and are also used for research on genes. Together with patient-derived xenografts (PDXs), GEMMs are the most common in vivo models in cancer research. Both approaches are considered complementary and may be used to recapitulate different aspects of disease. GEMMs are also of great interest for drug development, as they facilitate target validation and the study of response, resistance, toxicity and pharmacodynamics. (en) Con il termine animale transgenico si intende un animale il cui genoma è stato modificato attraverso l'inserimento di uno o più geni che appartengono ad organismi di diversa specie, ossia la cui composizione genetica sia stata alterata dall'inserimento di DNA esogeno, indicato con il nome di transgene, trasmissibile alla progenie. Il processo alla base è noto come transgenesi e viene applicato anche per la creazione di topi transgenici. Tappe fondamentali per lo sviluppo della tecnica di creazione dei topi transgenici sono state: (it)
rdfs:label Genetically modified mouse (en) Topi transgenici (it)
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