Tsunami warning system (original) (raw)
津波警報システム（つなみけいほうシステム、英: Tsunami warning system）は、津波を事前に探知して警報を発することにより、人的および物的被害の軽減を図るものである。
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| dbo:abstract | Un système d'alerte de tsunami permet de détecter un tsunami quand la vague est encore loin des rivages et d'avertir les populations concernées assez tôt pour sauver des vies (il faut préciser qu'en pleine mer, la vague d'un tsunami ne fait pas de dégâts et se remarque à peine, mais ce n'est qu'à l'approche des côtes, la profondeur diminuant que le tsunami comme toute vague prend de la hauteur). Un tel système est composé de capteurs sismiques et de marégraphes et d'un système de communication permettant au plus vite la réception des informations, leurs analyses, la prise de décisions, et l'envoi de messages d'alertes aux régions concernées ; la réactivité de ce système doit être quasi immédiate, au vu de la vitesse de la vague (entre 500 et 1 000 km/h). On dénombre des systèmes internationaux (échelle mondiale ou continentale) et régionaux (interfaces étatiques sur un même espace géographique). (fr) Una alerta de tsunami es una advertencia emitida por un organismo oficial de alerta temprana permanente que informa y previene a las zonas marítimas afectadas de riesgo inminente de tsunami.La alerta de tsunami se estructura a partir de información originada por un organismo oficial, centro de alertas u agencia que se dedica a diagnosticar, detectar, cuantificar y decretar eventos de tsunamis. El centro de alerta mundial de tsunamis está ubicado en Hawaii y enlaza con una red de alertas en todo el mundo. El Centro de Alerta de Tsunamis del Pacífico (Pacific Tsunami Warning Center), de la Administración Nacional Oceánica y Atmosférica (NOAA) depende de los Estados Unidos. Muchas veces las naciones con mayores problemas de riesgos de tsunami, implementan sistemas de alerta temprana a través de sirenas electrónicas de alta potencia, para alertar a la población antes de un evento de esta naturaleza. (es) Sistem peringatan dini tsunami adalah sebuah sistem peringatan dini yang dirancang untuk mendeteksi tsunami kemudian memberikan peringatan untuk mencegah jatuhnya korban. Sistem ini umumnya terdiri dari dua bagian penting yaitu jaringan sensor untuk mendeteksi tsunami serta infrastruktur jaringan komunikasi untuk memberikan peringatan dini adanya bahaya tsunami kepada wilayah yang diancam bahaya agar proses evakuasi dapat dilakukan secepat mungkin. Ada dua jenis sistem peringatan dini tsunami yaitu sistem peringatan dini tsunami internasional dan sistem peringatan dini tsunami regional. Gelombang tsunami memiliki kecepatan antara 500 sampai 1.000 km/j (sekitar 0,14 sampai 0,28 kilometer per detik) di perairan terbuka, sedangkan gempa bumi dapat dideteksi dengan segera karena getaran gempa yang memiliki kecepatan sekitar 4 kilometer per detik (14.400 km/j). Getaran gempa yang lebih cepat dideteksi daripada gelombang tsunami memungkinan dibuatnya peramalan tsunami sehingga peringatan dini dapat segera diumumkan kepada wilayah yang diancam bahaya. Akan tetapi sampai sebuah model yang dapat secara tepat menghitung kemungkinan tsunami akibat gempa bumi ditemukan, peringatan dini yang diberikan berdasarkan perhitungan gelombang gempa hanya dapat dipertimbangkan sebagai sekadar peringatan biasa saja. Agar lebih tepat, gelombang tsunami harus dipantau langsung di perairan terbuka sejauh mungkin dari garis pantai, dengan menggunakan sensor dasar laut secara real time. Sistem peringatan dini tsunami pertama kali dibuat di Hawaii pada 1920-an. (in) A tsunami warning system (TWS) is used to detect tsunamis in advance and issue the warnings to prevent loss of life and damage to property. It is made up of two equally important components: a network of sensors to detect tsunamis and a communications infrastructure to issue timely alarms to permit evacuation of the coastal areas. There are two distinct types of tsunami warning systems: international and regional. When operating, seismic alerts are used to instigate the watches and warnings; then, data from observed sea level height (either shore-based tide gauges or DART buoys) are used to verify the existence of a tsunami. Other systems have been proposed to augment the warning procedures; for example, it has been suggested that the duration and frequency content of energy (which is earthquake energy trapped in the ocean SOFAR channel) is indicative of an earthquake's tsunami potential. (en) 津波警報システム（つなみけいほうシステム、英: Tsunami warning system）は、津波を事前に探知して警報を発することにより、人的および物的被害の軽減を図るものである。 (ja) O sistema se estrutura a partir da informação de notificações de estações de vigilância, centros de alerta ou agências que se dedicam a diagnosticar, detectar, quantificar e decretar eventos capazes de acarretar desastres marítimos naturais. O centro de alerta mundial de maremotos está localizado no Hawaii e liga-se a uma rede de alertas em todo mundo. O Centro de Alertas de Tsunamis do Pacífico (Pacific Tsunami Warning Center), da Administração Oceânica e Atmosférica Nacional (NOAA), é mantido pelo governo dos Estados Unidos. (pt) 海嘯預警系統 (英語：Tsunami warning system，簡稱TWS)，又譯作海嘯警報系統、海嘯警告系統。是一種偵側海嘯的系統，經由發布警報以避免生命與財產的損失，其起源可追溯至1920年代。它是由兩個同等重要的要素所組成：一個是偵測海嘯的感測器網路，另一個是即時發布警報以批准沿海區域避難的通信基礎設施。又可分為兩種不同類型的海嘯預警系統：「國際性」與「區域性」。其正確的操作範例是，地震警報照慣例會發出一連串的監控與警報。隨後，藉由觀察海平面的高度得到資料 (取自岸基驗潮儀或浮標)去證實海嘯的存在。至於其他系統，則認為可以強化警報範例。舉個例，T波能量的持續時間與頻率含量（透過海洋裡的補捉地震能量的數據）會被推斷是一場潛在地震引起的海嘯 。 (zh) Система предупреждения о цунами (СПЦ) состоит из двух одинаково важных компонентов: сети датчиков, которые обнаруживают цунами, и системы коммуникаций, с помощью которой о нём заблаговременно предупреждается население прибрежных районов в опасных участках. СПЦ бывают международные и региональные. (ru) |
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| rdfs:comment | 津波警報システム（つなみけいほうシステム、英: Tsunami warning system）は、津波を事前に探知して警報を発することにより、人的および物的被害の軽減を図るものである。 (ja) O sistema se estrutura a partir da informação de notificações de estações de vigilância, centros de alerta ou agências que se dedicam a diagnosticar, detectar, quantificar e decretar eventos capazes de acarretar desastres marítimos naturais. O centro de alerta mundial de maremotos está localizado no Hawaii e liga-se a uma rede de alertas em todo mundo. O Centro de Alertas de Tsunamis do Pacífico (Pacific Tsunami Warning Center), da Administração Oceânica e Atmosférica Nacional (NOAA), é mantido pelo governo dos Estados Unidos. (pt) 海嘯預警系統 (英語：Tsunami warning system，簡稱TWS)，又譯作海嘯警報系統、海嘯警告系統。是一種偵側海嘯的系統，經由發布警報以避免生命與財產的損失，其起源可追溯至1920年代。它是由兩個同等重要的要素所組成：一個是偵測海嘯的感測器網路，另一個是即時發布警報以批准沿海區域避難的通信基礎設施。又可分為兩種不同類型的海嘯預警系統：「國際性」與「區域性」。其正確的操作範例是，地震警報照慣例會發出一連串的監控與警報。隨後，藉由觀察海平面的高度得到資料 (取自岸基驗潮儀或浮標)去證實海嘯的存在。至於其他系統，則認為可以強化警報範例。舉個例，T波能量的持續時間與頻率含量（透過海洋裡的補捉地震能量的數據）會被推斷是一場潛在地震引起的海嘯 。 (zh) Система предупреждения о цунами (СПЦ) состоит из двух одинаково важных компонентов: сети датчиков, которые обнаруживают цунами, и системы коммуникаций, с помощью которой о нём заблаговременно предупреждается население прибрежных районов в опасных участках. СПЦ бывают международные и региональные. (ru) Una alerta de tsunami es una advertencia emitida por un organismo oficial de alerta temprana permanente que informa y previene a las zonas marítimas afectadas de riesgo inminente de tsunami.La alerta de tsunami se estructura a partir de información originada por un organismo oficial, centro de alertas u agencia que se dedica a diagnosticar, detectar, cuantificar y decretar eventos de tsunamis. (es) Sistem peringatan dini tsunami adalah sebuah sistem peringatan dini yang dirancang untuk mendeteksi tsunami kemudian memberikan peringatan untuk mencegah jatuhnya korban. Sistem ini umumnya terdiri dari dua bagian penting yaitu jaringan sensor untuk mendeteksi tsunami serta infrastruktur jaringan komunikasi untuk memberikan peringatan dini adanya bahaya tsunami kepada wilayah yang diancam bahaya agar proses evakuasi dapat dilakukan secepat mungkin. Sistem peringatan dini tsunami pertama kali dibuat di Hawaii pada 1920-an. (in) Un système d'alerte de tsunami permet de détecter un tsunami quand la vague est encore loin des rivages et d'avertir les populations concernées assez tôt pour sauver des vies (il faut préciser qu'en pleine mer, la vague d'un tsunami ne fait pas de dégâts et se remarque à peine, mais ce n'est qu'à l'approche des côtes, la profondeur diminuant que le tsunami comme toute vague prend de la hauteur). On dénombre des systèmes internationaux (échelle mondiale ou continentale) et régionaux (interfaces étatiques sur un même espace géographique). (fr) A tsunami warning system (TWS) is used to detect tsunamis in advance and issue the warnings to prevent loss of life and damage to property. It is made up of two equally important components: a network of sensors to detect tsunamis and a communications infrastructure to issue timely alarms to permit evacuation of the coastal areas. There are two distinct types of tsunami warning systems: international and regional. When operating, seismic alerts are used to instigate the watches and warnings; then, data from observed sea level height (either shore-based tide gauges or DART buoys) are used to verify the existence of a tsunami. Other systems have been proposed to augment the warning procedures; for example, it has been suggested that the duration and frequency content of energy (which is ear (en) |
| rdfs:label | Alerta de tsunami (es) Sistem peringatan dini tsunami (in) Système d'alerte de tsunami (fr) 津波警報システム (ja) Sistema de alerta de tsunami (pt) Система предупреждения о цунами (ru) Tsunami warning system (en) 海嘯預警系統 (zh) |
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