Tullahoma campaign (original) (raw)
La Campagne de Tullahoma (Tullahoma Campaign en anglais, également appelée Middle Tennessee Campaign) est une série de manœuvres militaires et de combats entre l'armée de l'Union et l'armée des États confédérés, au début de l'année 1863, sur le théâtre occidental de la guerre de Sécession.
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| dbo:abstract | La Campagne de Tullahoma (Tullahoma Campaign en anglais, également appelée Middle Tennessee Campaign) est une série de manœuvres militaires et de combats entre l'armée de l'Union et l'armée des États confédérés, au début de l'année 1863, sur le théâtre occidental de la guerre de Sécession. (fr) The Tullahoma campaign (or Middle Tennessee campaign) was a military operation conducted from June 24 to July 3, 1863, by the Union Army of the Cumberland under Maj. Gen. William Rosecrans, and regarded as one of the most brilliant maneuvers of the American Civil War. Its effect was to drive the Confederates out of Middle Tennessee and to threaten the strategic city of Chattanooga. The Confederate Army of Tennessee under General Braxton Bragg occupied a strong defensive position in the mountains. But through a series of well-rehearsed feints, Rosecrans captured the key passes, helped by the use of the new seven-shot Spencer repeating rifle. The Confederates were handicapped by dissension between generals, as well as a lack of supplies, and soon had to abandon their headquarters at Tullahoma. The campaign ended in the same week as the two historic Union victories at Gettysburg and Vicksburg, and Rosecrans complained that his achievement was overshadowed. However, Confederate casualties had been few, and Bragg's army soon received reinforcements that enabled it to defeat Rosecrans at the Battle of Chickamauga two months later. (en) Per campagna di Tullahoma si intende una serie di battaglie combattute tra il giugno ed il luglio 1863 nello stato del Tennessee nell'ambito del Teatro Occidentale della guerra di secessione americana. Durante la campagna l'Armata del Cumberland del generale William Starke Rosecrans sconfisse l'Armata confederata del Tennessee del generale Braxton Bragg. A seguito della sanguinosa ma tatticamente inefficace battaglia di Stones River (combattuta nei pressi di Murfreesboro dal 31 dicembre 1862 al 2 gennaio 1863, Bragg si ritirò di circa 50 km a sud lungo il fino ad arrivare nei pressi di Nashville (Tennessee). Bragg decise di accamparsi a Tullahoma e, preoccupato che Rosecrans potesse raggiungere Chattanooga (uno snodo ferroviario importantissimo per le comunicazioni con la Georgia del nord) dispiegò la propria cavalleria lungo un fronte molto ampio. Rosecrans invece – nonostante le sollecitazioni del presidente Abraham Lincoln e del Ministro della Guerra Edwin McMasters Stanton che volevano una rapida avanzata - rimase a Murfreesboro per quasi sei mesi, costruendo una base logistica e rafforzando le proprie posizioni. Rosecrans non intendeva iniziare una nuova offensiva muovendo lungo le strade rese fangose dall'inverno e, inoltre, temeva che una sua azione contro Bragg avrebbe spinto quest'ultimo a spostare le proprie forze in Mississippi minacciando la campagna di Vicksburg del generale Grant. Durante l'inverno e la primavera, dunque, sudisti e nordisti rimasero sulle proprie posizioni dedicandosi a limitati scontri di cavalleria. Solo verso la fine del giugno 1863 Rosecrans si sentì pronto per iniziare un'offensiva su larga scala. Il piano di Rosecrans era di spingere la maggior parte delle truppe di Bragg a difesa di Shelbyville per poi sorprenderne il fianco destro nei pressi di Hoover's Gap, nella Contea di Bedford (Tennessee). (it) タラホーマ方面作戦（タラホーマほうめんさくせん、英:Tullahoma Campaign、または中部テネシー方面作戦、英:Middle Tennessee Campaign）は、南北戦争中の1863年6月24日から7月3日まで行われた一連の戦闘である。北軍ウィリアム・ローズクランズ少将が指揮するカンバーランド軍は、強固な防御陣地から南軍ブラクストン・ブラッグ将軍の指揮するテネシー軍を追い出し、南軍を中部テネシーから駆逐し、テネシー州チャタヌーガに脅威を与えた。 タラホーマ方面作戦は南北戦争でローズクランズが成したほぼ間違いなく最も意義有る功績であり、歴史家達は両軍にほとんど損失が無かったにも拘わらず意義有る目標を達した「輝かしい」作戦と記述した。しかし、同じ時期に行われたゲティスバーグの戦い（7月1日～3日）やビックスバーグ方面作戦（7月4日決着）における北軍勝利の陰に隠れ、敵軍もほとんど手つかずの状態だったので、9月のチカマウガの戦いでローズクランズの悲惨な敗北に繋がってしまった。 (ja) De Tullahomaveldtocht of de veldtocht in Midden-Tennessee vond plaats tussen januari en juli 1863 tijdens de Amerikaanse Burgeroorlog. Het Noordelijke Army of the Cumberland onder leiding van generaal-majoor William S. Rosecrans slaagde erin om het Zuidelijke van generaal Braxton Bragg uit een sterke defensieve positie te manoeuvreren. De Zuidelijken werden uit Midden-Tennessee gejaagd. Chattanooga werd bedreigd door de Noordelijke opmars. De Tullahomaveldtocht is een van de belangrijkste verwezenlijkingen van Rosecrans tijdens de oorlog. Rosecrans bereikte zijn doelstellingen met weinig slachtoffers. De veldtocht werd overschaduwd door de Noordelijke overwinningen in Gettysburg en Vicksburg. Toch bleef het vijandelijke leger vrijwel intact waardoor hij in september in de Slag bij Chickamauga een zware nederlaag te verduren kreeg. (nl) Туллахомская кампания (The Tullahoma Campaign) или Центрально-теннессийская кампания - длилась с 24 июня по 3 июля 1863 года и была частью американской гражданской войны на западе. Федеральная Камберлендская армия под командованием Уильяма Роузкранса в ходе этой кампании сумела поставить в невыгодное положение Теннессийскую армию Юга и заставить её отойти с сильных укрепленных позиций, оставив Центральный Теннесси. В результате под угрозой оказался город Чаттануга. Туллахомская кампания считается самым выдающимся достижением Роузкранса в той войне; ему удалось достигнуть впечатляющих результатов ценой незначительных потерь. Однако, его достижения попали в тень Геттисбергской и Виксбергской победы, а кроме того, южане сохранили свою армию, что впоследствии привело к разгрому Роузкранса на Чикамоге. (ru) A Campanha de Tullahoma (ou Campanha do Médio Tennessee) foi uma operação militar conduzida de 24 de Junho a 03 de Julho de 1863, pela unidade de do Exército da União, sob comando do Major-general , e considerada uma das mais brilhantes manobras Guerra Civil Americana. Seu efeito foi expulsar os Confederados, comandados elo general Braxton Bragg, do centro do Tennessee e ameaçar a cidade estratégica de Chattanooga. (pt) |
| dbo:causalties | 569 (83 killed, 473 wounded, and 13 captured or missing) |
| dbo:combatant | CSA (Confederacy) United States(Union) |
| dbo:commander | dbr:Braxton_Bragg dbr:William_Rosecrans |
| dbo:date | 1863-06-24 (xsd:date) 1863-07-03 (xsd:date) |
| dbo:isPartOfMilitaryConflict | dbr:American_Civil_War |
| dbo:place | dbr:Tennessee |
| dbo:result | Unionvictory |
| dbo:strength | 50,000–60,000 about 45,000 |
| dbo:thumbnail | wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Rosecrans_and_Bragg.jpg?width=300 |
| dbo:wikiPageExternalLink | https://archive.today/20120829203141/http:/www.dean.usma.edu/history/web03/atlases/american_civil_war/ http://ebooks.library.cornell.edu/m/moawar/waro.html https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt%3Fid=coo.31924077699720;view=1up;seq=427 https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt%3Fid=coo.31924077699720;view=1up;seq=601 http://www.aotc.net/Tullahoma.htm https://web.archive.org/web/20080116022640/http:/www.tennesseebackroads.org/trails/civilwar.html |
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| dbp:align | right (en) |
| dbp:caption | Commanding generals Rosecrans and Bragg (en) |
| dbp:casualties | 569 (xsd:integer) Total unknown, 1,634 captured (en) |
| dbp:combatant | United States (en) CSA (Confederacy) (en) |
| dbp:commander | dbr:Braxton_Bragg dbr:William_Rosecrans |
| dbp:conflict | Tullahoma campaign (en) |
| dbp:date | 1863-06-24 (xsd:date) |
| dbp:imageSize | 300 (xsd:integer) |
| dbp:partof | the American Civil War (en) |
| dbp:place | dbr:Tennessee |
| dbp:quote | Thus ended a nine days' campaign, which drove the enemy from two fortified positions and gave us possession of Middle Tennessee, conducted in one of the most extraordinary rains ever known in Tennessee at that period of the year. (en) Our regiment lay on the hill side in mud and water, the rain pouring down in torrents, while each shell screamed so close to us as to make it seem that the next would tear us to pieces. Presently the enemy got near enough to us to make a charge on our battery, and on they came; our men are on their feet in an instant and a terrible fire from the "Spencers" causes the advancing regiment to reel and its colors fall to the ground, but in an instant their colors are up again and on they come, thinking to reach the battery before our guns can be reloaded, but they "reckoned without their host," they didn't know we had the "Spencers," and their charging yell was answered by another terrible volley, and another and another without cessation, until the poor regiment was literally cut to pieces, and but few men of that 20th Tennessee that attempted the charge will ever charge again. (en) |
| dbp:result | Union victory (en) |
| dbp:source | Maj. Gen. William Rosecrans (en) Major James A. Connolly, Wilder's Brigade (en) |
| dbp:strength | 50000 (xsd:integer) about 45,000 (en) |
| dbp:width | 35.0 |
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| georss:point | 35.3621 -86.2117 |
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| rdfs:comment | La Campagne de Tullahoma (Tullahoma Campaign en anglais, également appelée Middle Tennessee Campaign) est une série de manœuvres militaires et de combats entre l'armée de l'Union et l'armée des États confédérés, au début de l'année 1863, sur le théâtre occidental de la guerre de Sécession. (fr) タラホーマ方面作戦（タラホーマほうめんさくせん、英:Tullahoma Campaign、または中部テネシー方面作戦、英:Middle Tennessee Campaign）は、南北戦争中の1863年6月24日から7月3日まで行われた一連の戦闘である。北軍ウィリアム・ローズクランズ少将が指揮するカンバーランド軍は、強固な防御陣地から南軍ブラクストン・ブラッグ将軍の指揮するテネシー軍を追い出し、南軍を中部テネシーから駆逐し、テネシー州チャタヌーガに脅威を与えた。 タラホーマ方面作戦は南北戦争でローズクランズが成したほぼ間違いなく最も意義有る功績であり、歴史家達は両軍にほとんど損失が無かったにも拘わらず意義有る目標を達した「輝かしい」作戦と記述した。しかし、同じ時期に行われたゲティスバーグの戦い（7月1日～3日）やビックスバーグ方面作戦（7月4日決着）における北軍勝利の陰に隠れ、敵軍もほとんど手つかずの状態だったので、9月のチカマウガの戦いでローズクランズの悲惨な敗北に繋がってしまった。 (ja) A Campanha de Tullahoma (ou Campanha do Médio Tennessee) foi uma operação militar conduzida de 24 de Junho a 03 de Julho de 1863, pela unidade de do Exército da União, sob comando do Major-general , e considerada uma das mais brilhantes manobras Guerra Civil Americana. Seu efeito foi expulsar os Confederados, comandados elo general Braxton Bragg, do centro do Tennessee e ameaçar a cidade estratégica de Chattanooga. (pt) The Tullahoma campaign (or Middle Tennessee campaign) was a military operation conducted from June 24 to July 3, 1863, by the Union Army of the Cumberland under Maj. Gen. William Rosecrans, and regarded as one of the most brilliant maneuvers of the American Civil War. Its effect was to drive the Confederates out of Middle Tennessee and to threaten the strategic city of Chattanooga. (en) Per campagna di Tullahoma si intende una serie di battaglie combattute tra il giugno ed il luglio 1863 nello stato del Tennessee nell'ambito del Teatro Occidentale della guerra di secessione americana. Durante la campagna l'Armata del Cumberland del generale William Starke Rosecrans sconfisse l'Armata confederata del Tennessee del generale Braxton Bragg. Durante l'inverno e la primavera, dunque, sudisti e nordisti rimasero sulle proprie posizioni dedicandosi a limitati scontri di cavalleria. (it) De Tullahomaveldtocht of de veldtocht in Midden-Tennessee vond plaats tussen januari en juli 1863 tijdens de Amerikaanse Burgeroorlog. Het Noordelijke Army of the Cumberland onder leiding van generaal-majoor William S. Rosecrans slaagde erin om het Zuidelijke van generaal Braxton Bragg uit een sterke defensieve positie te manoeuvreren. De Zuidelijken werden uit Midden-Tennessee gejaagd. Chattanooga werd bedreigd door de Noordelijke opmars. (nl) Туллахомская кампания (The Tullahoma Campaign) или Центрально-теннессийская кампания - длилась с 24 июня по 3 июля 1863 года и была частью американской гражданской войны на западе. Федеральная Камберлендская армия под командованием Уильяма Роузкранса в ходе этой кампании сумела поставить в невыгодное положение Теннессийскую армию Юга и заставить её отойти с сильных укрепленных позиций, оставив Центральный Теннесси. В результате под угрозой оказался город Чаттануга. (ru) |
| rdfs:label | Tullahoma campaign (en) Campagne de Tullahoma (fr) Campagna di Tullahoma (it) タラホーマ方面作戦 (ja) Tullahomaveldtocht (nl) Campanha de Tullahoma (pt) Туллахомская кампания (ru) |
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| foaf:name | Tullahoma campaign (en) |
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