| dbo:abstract |
خطأ العزو النهائي أو خطأ الإنساب النهائي (بالإنجليزية: Ultimate attribution error) هو خطأ في الإنساب على مستوى الجماعات، يٌقدم تفسيرا عن اختلاف رؤية وتفسير الشخص للأسباب المختلفة الكامنة وراء السلوكيات السلبية والإيجابية، أثناء وقوعها من أفرد ينتمون لجماعته ووقوعها من أفراد خارج جماعته. * بوابة علم النفس (ar) The ultimate attribution error is a type of attribution error which proposed to explain why attributions of outgroup behavior is more negative (ie. antisocial or undesirable) than ingroup behavior (see in-group and out-group). Ultimate attribution error itself described as a cognitive bias where negative outgroup behavior is more likely attributed to factors internal and specific to the actor, such as personality. The second component of the bias is a higher chance of attributing negative ingroup behavior to external factors such as luck or circumstance. This bias is said to reinforce a negative stereotype and prejudice about the outgroup, and favouritism of the ingroup through positive stereotypes. The theory was later extended to the bias that positive acts performed by ingroup members are more likely a result of their personality, whereas, if an ingroup member behaves negatively (which is assumed to be rare), it is more likely a result of situational factors. In the case of negative attribution of outgroup member's positive behaviours, four categories were proposed: the person with good behavior being an exception to a general rule, luck or special advantages, high levels of motivation, and situational causes. The theory proposed that ultimate attribution error can result through any combination of these four categories. The concept of the ultimate attribution error and the term itself was published by Thomas F. Pettigrew in 1979 as an extension of the fundamental attribution error which was pioneered in 1958. Since its publication which at the time lacked a strong empirical basis, there was some support for the theory in that attributions tend to favor ingroup members rather than outgroup members. The specific categorisation originally proposed had partial empirical support only for broader categories of motivational and cognitive attribution, which was later used in social identity theory. The term has since broadened to a field of research concerned with intergroup attribution bias, also known as intergroup bias or in-group favoritism, as a part of social psychology research. (en) |
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خطأ العزو النهائي أو خطأ الإنساب النهائي (بالإنجليزية: Ultimate attribution error) هو خطأ في الإنساب على مستوى الجماعات، يٌقدم تفسيرا عن اختلاف رؤية وتفسير الشخص للأسباب المختلفة الكامنة وراء السلوكيات السلبية والإيجابية، أثناء وقوعها من أفرد ينتمون لجماعته ووقوعها من أفراد خارج جماعته. * بوابة علم النفس (ar) The ultimate attribution error is a type of attribution error which proposed to explain why attributions of outgroup behavior is more negative (ie. antisocial or undesirable) than ingroup behavior (see in-group and out-group). Ultimate attribution error itself described as a cognitive bias where negative outgroup behavior is more likely attributed to factors internal and specific to the actor, such as personality. The second component of the bias is a higher chance of attributing negative ingroup behavior to external factors such as luck or circumstance. This bias is said to reinforce a negative stereotype and prejudice about the outgroup, and favouritism of the ingroup through positive stereotypes. The theory was later extended to the bias that positive acts performed by ingroup members a (en) |
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خطأ العزو النهائي (ar) Ultimate attribution error (en) |
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