| dbo:abstract |
In some models of phonology as well as morphophonology in the field of linguistics, the underlying representation (UR) or underlying form (UF) of a word or morpheme is the abstract form that a word or morpheme is postulated to have before any phonological rules have applied to it. By contrast, a surface representation is the phonetic representation of the word or sound. The concept of an underlying representation is central to generative grammar. If more phonological rules apply to the same underlying form, they can apply wholly independently of each other or in a feeding or counterbleeding order. The underlying representation of a morpheme is considered to be invariable across related forms (except in cases of suppletion), despite alternations among various allophones on the surface. (en) Onderliggende vorm en oppervlaktevorm zijn met name in de optimaliteitstheorie veel gebruikte termen om verschijnselen in de fonologie en de morfofonologie te verklaren. Met onderliggende vorm wordt de abstracte vorm die een woord, morfeem of foneem in de van de taalgebruiker wordt verondersteld te hebben voordat het als gevolg van een of meerdere fonologische regels verandert bedoeld. Hieruit volgt dat allofonen en allomorfen die als gevolg van alternantie veranderen dezelfde onderliggende vorm hebben. Het idee is dat het betreffende taalelement van de taalgebruiker ook een abstracte onderliggende vorm heeft, die echter niet "naar buiten" kan komen. Oppervlaktevorm is de term voor de vorm van een woord, morfeem of foneem zoals die eruitziet na de toepassing van bepaalde fonologische regels. (nl) 底层形式（英語：underlying form），亦稱底层表现（英語：underlying representation）指的是在音位学和词法音位学研究中，单词或语素在任何生效之前假定具有的抽象形式。 底层形式的概念是生成文法的中心。 相反，表层形式（表层表现，surface representation）指的是单词或语素实际的语音学表现。 如果几个语音学规则作用在一个单词上，这些规则的作用过程可能毫无关联，也可能会互相影响（饲喂顺序或夺食顺序）。尽管有许多同位异音现象，语素的底层形式在各种形式下都不发生改变，除非有异干互补发生。 (zh) |
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底层形式（英語：underlying form），亦稱底层表现（英語：underlying representation）指的是在音位学和词法音位学研究中，单词或语素在任何生效之前假定具有的抽象形式。 底层形式的概念是生成文法的中心。 相反，表层形式（表层表现，surface representation）指的是单词或语素实际的语音学表现。 如果几个语音学规则作用在一个单词上，这些规则的作用过程可能毫无关联，也可能会互相影响（饲喂顺序或夺食顺序）。尽管有许多同位异音现象，语素的底层形式在各种形式下都不发生改变，除非有异干互补发生。 (zh) In some models of phonology as well as morphophonology in the field of linguistics, the underlying representation (UR) or underlying form (UF) of a word or morpheme is the abstract form that a word or morpheme is postulated to have before any phonological rules have applied to it. By contrast, a surface representation is the phonetic representation of the word or sound. The concept of an underlying representation is central to generative grammar. (en) Onderliggende vorm en oppervlaktevorm zijn met name in de optimaliteitstheorie veel gebruikte termen om verschijnselen in de fonologie en de morfofonologie te verklaren. Met onderliggende vorm wordt de abstracte vorm die een woord, morfeem of foneem in de van de taalgebruiker wordt verondersteld te hebben voordat het als gevolg van een of meerdere fonologische regels verandert bedoeld. Hieruit volgt dat allofonen en allomorfen die als gevolg van alternantie veranderen dezelfde onderliggende vorm hebben. Het idee is dat het betreffende taalelement van de taalgebruiker ook een abstracte onderliggende vorm heeft, die echter niet "naar buiten" kan komen. (nl) |
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Oppervlaktevorm en onderliggende vorm (nl) Underlying representation (en) 底层形式 (zh) |
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