Urban search and rescue (original) (raw)
Urban Search and Rescue (USAR oder US&R, englisch Suchen und Retten in Städten) ist die Bezeichnung für Rettungseinsätze im städtischen Umfeld, die insbesondere darauf abzielen, verschüttete Personen in eingestürzten Bauwerken zu lokalisieren, zu befreien und medizinisch erstzuversorgen. Die charakteristischen Schadensfälle erfordern eine spezielle Ausbildung und Ausrüstung. Dabei kommt der Lokalisierung durch Rettungshunde und technische Ortungssysteme ebenso hohe Bedeutung zu wie der qualifizierten Durchführung der Rettungsarbeiten sowie dem Versorgen und Betreuen von Opfern von Verschüttungen, welche meist bei Erdbeben oder Explosionen hervorgerufen wurden.
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| dbo:abstract | Urban Search and Rescue (USAR oder US&R, englisch Suchen und Retten in Städten) ist die Bezeichnung für Rettungseinsätze im städtischen Umfeld, die insbesondere darauf abzielen, verschüttete Personen in eingestürzten Bauwerken zu lokalisieren, zu befreien und medizinisch erstzuversorgen. Die charakteristischen Schadensfälle erfordern eine spezielle Ausbildung und Ausrüstung. Dabei kommt der Lokalisierung durch Rettungshunde und technische Ortungssysteme ebenso hohe Bedeutung zu wie der qualifizierten Durchführung der Rettungsarbeiten sowie dem Versorgen und Betreuen von Opfern von Verschüttungen, welche meist bei Erdbeben oder Explosionen hervorgerufen wurden. (de) Le sauvetage-déblaiement (SD) consiste à rechercher des personnes ensevelies à la suite d'un séisme, une coulée de boue ou une explosion de grande ampleur. (fr) Pencarian dan penyelamatan perkotaan (USAR atau AS&R di Amerika Serikat) melibatkan lokasi, pelepasan, dan stabilisasi medis awal dari korban yang terperangkap di dalam bangunan runtuh akibat bencana alam, tambang, dan runtuh parit. Penyebab insiden USAR dapat dikategorikan sebagai yang tidak disengaja dan yang disengaja. (in) L'acronimo USAR deriva dalla definizione inglese Urban Search and Rescue traducibile in "ricerca e soccorso in ambiente urbano" e definisce l'insieme delle pratiche utilizzate per le operazioni di ricerca e soccorso di persone sepolte da macerie in caso di crolli di edifici e strutture, esplosioni o di eventi sismici. L'acronimo inglese è stato adottato dagli standard internazionali e viene usato ovunque nel mondo indipendentemente dalla lingua usata nel paese. Al fine di facilitare le operazioni e il coordinamento in caso di interventi internazionali sono stati definiti degli standard operativi internazionali per le operazioni USAR, la risoluzione dell'Assemblea generale dell'ONU n. 57/150 del 16 dicembre 2002 ("Strengthening the Effectiveness and Coordination of International USAR Assistance") riconosce come organizzazione che si occupa della definizione degli standard l' (INSARAG), che fa capo all'Ufficio delle Nazioni Unite per gli affari umanitari (OCHA). Le linee guida INSARAG forniscono delle indicazioni su dimensionamento, composizione e metodologie di lavoro dei team USAR, in particolare li classifica in tre livelli: * USAR Light, solitamente locali, intervengono tempestivamente sul luogo con mezzi e attrezzature convenzionali * USAR Medium, hanno una struttura organizzativa ben definita e attrezzature e strumentazioni specifiche, intervengono anche al di fuori del paese di origine e devono essere in grado di operare su un sito 24 ore su 24 per 7 giorni * USAR Heavy, hanno una struttura organizzativa definita, mezzi, logistica, personale e attrezzature per poter operare 24 ore su 24 su due diversi siti per 10 giorni. Intervengono anche al di fuori del paese di origine. (it) Urban search and rescue (abbreviated as USAR or US&R) is a type of technical rescue operation that involves the location, extrication, and initial medical stabilization of victims trapped in an urban area, namely structural collapse due to natural disasters, war, terrorism or accidents, mines and collapsed trenches. The causes of USAR incidents can be categorised as accidental and deliberate. Structural collapse incidents can comprise unstable or collapsed structures in an unsafe position. Usually collapse incidents leave voids inside the debris that can result in numerous casualties trapped under large amounts of very heavy and often unstable debris. USAR services can be faced with complex rescue operations within hazardous environment. Incidents experience shows that people are often found alive many hours and days after rescue operations commence, and the corresponding services should be planned accordingly. USAR teams in different countries may be organised in a variety of ways, but they are often associated with firefighting services. The increasingly complex methods and procedures, and the modern ability to bring in teams from far afield has brought a very strong drive for standardization within nations and internationally, most obvious in the role of the United Nations' International Search and Rescue Advisory Group (INSARAG) in large natural disasters. Urban search-and-rescue is considered a multi-hazard discipline, as it may be needed for a variety of hazards including earthquakes, cyclones, storms and tornadoes, floods, dam failures, technological accidents, terrorist activities, and hazardous materials releases. (en) Муниципальная служба спасения — профессиональная аварийно-спасательная служба или профессиональное аварийно-спасательные формирование, созданные по решению органов местного самоуправления. В соответствие с российским федеральным законодательством на руководителей органов местного самоуправления возложено создание при органах местного самоуправления постоянно действующих органов управления для решения задач в области защиты от чрезвычайных ситуаций, организация аварийно-спасательных и других неотложных работ. В муниципалитетах, где не созданы профессиональные аварийно-спасательные службы, местное самоуправление для ликвидации чрезвычайных ситуаций может создать добровольные общественные формирования. (ru) Urban sök och räddning[källa behövs], Urban Search and Rescue, USAR (US&R i USA), innebär att lokalisera och rädda människor ur raserade byggnader, broar, tunnlar eller andra urbana eller industriella konstruktioner. Det kan gälla kollapsade byggnader, tunnlar som rasar in, gruvras, dammras eller jordskred som drar med sig hus och vägar. Dessa ras och kollapser kan vara orsakade av exempelvis naturkatastrofer, extremt väder, felkonstruktion, olyckor, terrordåd eller krig. En global standardisering av hur man arbetar med urban sök och räddning står FN:s INSARAG, International Search and Rescue Advisory Group, för. I Sverige ansvarar den kommunala Räddningstjänsten för urban sök och räddning. Men det finns även en nationell förstärkningsresurs, NUSAR, Nationell urban sök och räddning, som tillhandahålls av Myndigheten för samhällsskydd och beredskap, MSB, att användas av räddningstjänsten vid stora komplexa räddningsinsatser. (sv) |
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| rdfs:comment | Urban Search and Rescue (USAR oder US&R, englisch Suchen und Retten in Städten) ist die Bezeichnung für Rettungseinsätze im städtischen Umfeld, die insbesondere darauf abzielen, verschüttete Personen in eingestürzten Bauwerken zu lokalisieren, zu befreien und medizinisch erstzuversorgen. Die charakteristischen Schadensfälle erfordern eine spezielle Ausbildung und Ausrüstung. Dabei kommt der Lokalisierung durch Rettungshunde und technische Ortungssysteme ebenso hohe Bedeutung zu wie der qualifizierten Durchführung der Rettungsarbeiten sowie dem Versorgen und Betreuen von Opfern von Verschüttungen, welche meist bei Erdbeben oder Explosionen hervorgerufen wurden. (de) Le sauvetage-déblaiement (SD) consiste à rechercher des personnes ensevelies à la suite d'un séisme, une coulée de boue ou une explosion de grande ampleur. (fr) Pencarian dan penyelamatan perkotaan (USAR atau AS&R di Amerika Serikat) melibatkan lokasi, pelepasan, dan stabilisasi medis awal dari korban yang terperangkap di dalam bangunan runtuh akibat bencana alam, tambang, dan runtuh parit. Penyebab insiden USAR dapat dikategorikan sebagai yang tidak disengaja dan yang disengaja. (in) L'acronimo USAR deriva dalla definizione inglese Urban Search and Rescue traducibile in "ricerca e soccorso in ambiente urbano" e definisce l'insieme delle pratiche utilizzate per le operazioni di ricerca e soccorso di persone sepolte da macerie in caso di crolli di edifici e strutture, esplosioni o di eventi sismici. L'acronimo inglese è stato adottato dagli standard internazionali e viene usato ovunque nel mondo indipendentemente dalla lingua usata nel paese. (it) Urban search and rescue (abbreviated as USAR or US&R) is a type of technical rescue operation that involves the location, extrication, and initial medical stabilization of victims trapped in an urban area, namely structural collapse due to natural disasters, war, terrorism or accidents, mines and collapsed trenches. The causes of USAR incidents can be categorised as accidental and deliberate. USAR teams in different countries may be organised in a variety of ways, but they are often associated with firefighting services. (en) Urban sök och räddning[källa behövs], Urban Search and Rescue, USAR (US&R i USA), innebär att lokalisera och rädda människor ur raserade byggnader, broar, tunnlar eller andra urbana eller industriella konstruktioner. Det kan gälla kollapsade byggnader, tunnlar som rasar in, gruvras, dammras eller jordskred som drar med sig hus och vägar. Dessa ras och kollapser kan vara orsakade av exempelvis naturkatastrofer, extremt väder, felkonstruktion, olyckor, terrordåd eller krig. (sv) Муниципальная служба спасения — профессиональная аварийно-спасательная служба или профессиональное аварийно-спасательные формирование, созданные по решению органов местного самоуправления. В соответствие с российским федеральным законодательством на руководителей органов местного самоуправления возложено создание при органах местного самоуправления постоянно действующих органов управления для решения задач в области защиты от чрезвычайных ситуаций, организация аварийно-спасательных и других неотложных работ. (ru) |
| rdfs:label | Urban Search and Rescue (de) Pencarian dan penyelamatan perkotaan (in) USAR (it) Sauvetage-déblaiement (fr) Urban search and rescue (en) Urban sök och räddning (sv) Муниципальная служба спасения (ru) |
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