Vincent Ogé (original) (raw)
Vincent Ogé (französische Aussprache: vɛ̃sɑ̃ ɔʒe) (* ca. 1755 in Dondon; † 6. Februar 1791 in Le Cap) war ein Franzose, dessen Eltern teils schwarze, teils weiße Hautfarbe hatten (veraltet: Mulatte). Er stand an der Spitze eines Aufstands gegen die französische Kolonialmacht in Saint-Domingue auf der Insel Hispaniola, dem heutigen Haiti. Die Rebellion dauerte von Oktober bis Dezember des Jahres 1790 und fand in der Gegend von Cap-Français, der Hauptstadt der Kolonie, statt. Die „Ogé Revolte“ war das Vorzeichen für den massiven Sklavenaufstand vom August 1791, der letztlich zu der Haitianischen Revolution und Unabhängigkeit führte.
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| dbo:abstract | Vincent Ogé (französische Aussprache: vɛ̃sɑ̃ ɔʒe) (* ca. 1755 in Dondon; † 6. Februar 1791 in Le Cap) war ein Franzose, dessen Eltern teils schwarze, teils weiße Hautfarbe hatten (veraltet: Mulatte). Er stand an der Spitze eines Aufstands gegen die französische Kolonialmacht in Saint-Domingue auf der Insel Hispaniola, dem heutigen Haiti. Die Rebellion dauerte von Oktober bis Dezember des Jahres 1790 und fand in der Gegend von Cap-Français, der Hauptstadt der Kolonie, statt. Die „Ogé Revolte“ war das Vorzeichen für den massiven Sklavenaufstand vom August 1791, der letztlich zu der Haitianischen Revolution und Unabhängigkeit führte. (de) Vincent Ogé, né vers 1755 à Dondon (Saint-Domingue) et mort roué vif le 25 février 1791 au Cap-Français, est le meneur de la première révolte des mulâtres, prélude de la Révolution haïtienne. (fr) Vincent Ogé (pengucapan bahasa Prancis: [vɛ̃sɑ̃ ɔʒe]; sekitar tahun 1755 – 6 Februari 1791) adalah seorang aristokrat Prancis berdarah belasteran yang memicu pemberontakan melawan otoritas kolonial kulit putih di Saint-Domingue Prancis yang berlangsung dari Oktober sampai Desember 1790 di kawasan luar , kota utama koloni tersebut. Pemberontakan Ogé tahun 1790 menimbulkan pemberontakan budak masif Agustus 1791 yang kemudian berujung pada Revolusi Haiti. (in) Vincent Ogé (c. 1757 – 6 February 1791) was a Dominican Creole revolutionary, merchant, military officer and goldsmith best known for his role in leading a failed uprising against French colonial rule in the colony of Saint-Domingue in 1790. A mixed-race member of the colonial elite, Ogé's revolt occurred just before the Haitian Revolution, which resulted in the colony's independence from France, and left a contested legacy in post-independence Haiti. Born on Saint-Domingue into a slaveholding family, Ogé was sent at the age of eleven to the city of Bordeaux, France by his parents to be apprenticed to a goldsmith. Returning to the colony after seven years, he settled down in Cap‑Français as a coffee merchant in the employ of his uncle, acquiring partial ownership of his family's plantation. By the 1780's, Ogé's business dealings had made him the richest merchant of African descent in the city. In 1788, Ogé travelled to France to both clear his debts and bring several lawsuits his family was engaged in before the Conseil du Roi. A year later, the French Revolution began, and he joined the revolutionary camp. After absentee white planters rejected his proposals for abolishing discriminatory colonial laws against free people of colour, he joined an advocacy group whose members demanded political representation in the national assembly. On March 1790, deputies of the assembly approved a law granting voting rights to free people of colour in French colonies. In the same month, Ogé returned to Saint-Domingue, where he rebelled against the colonial government after it refused implement the law. The uprising was suppressed, and Ogé was captured and executed. After his death, Ogé was used to promote mulatto supremacy, which led to the eventual collapse of his reputation. (en) Vincent Ogé (Dondon, 1755 – Cap-Français, 25 febbraio 1791) è stato un mercante e attivista francese. (it) Vincent Ogé (ur. ok. 1755, zm. 1791 w Port-au-Prince) – wódz powstania Murzynów i Mulatów we francuskiej kolonii Saint-Domingue na Haiti w roku 1790. W 1789 roku przewodniczył delegacji wolnych Mulatów, która udała się do Paryża. Po klęsce powstania schronił się w hiszpańskiej części wyspy. Kiedy próbował dowieść, że należy do grupy głosujących płatników podatków został wydany Francuzom i stracony w egzekucji publicznej w Port-au-Prince. Świadkami egzekucji byli między innymi: Toussaint L’Ouverture, Henri Christophe i Jean-Jacques Dessalines. (pl) Vincent Ogé Jeune (1757-1791) foi um homem de cor livre, nascido na Ilha de São Domingos, que teve papel fundamental nos antecedentes da Revolução Haitiana. Ogé era um dos mais ricos da ilha e por isso, sua posição de liderança no movimento exigindo direitos políticos para as pessoas de cor foi tão surpreendente, uma vez que as pessoas de cor livres da colônia geralmente eram mais conservadoras, pois tinham muito a perder ao se colocarem contra a elite branca. Em 1790, Ogé compôs um movimento de homens livres de cor exigindo à Assembleia Nacional Francesa o fim das leis racistas e o direito dos homens livres de cor de votarem nas assembleias locais de São Domingos, através dos próprios representantes. Até o fim da Guerra dos Sete Anos, em 1763, os oficiais da colônia haviam tratado as pessoas de cor como parte da elite branca, sem grandes distinções. A partir do fim da guerra, entretanto, as leis passaram a exigir a diferenciação entre os dois grupos, e as pessoas de cor passaram a ser chamadas affranchis (libertos). Ogé teve contato com abolicionistas franceses, influenciado suas ideias. Ogé, juntamente com outras personalidades negras, batalharam “pelo significado e pela universalização dos sentidos da cidadania” . Esses movimentos buscavam expandir os princípios de liberdade e igualdade, e, em reação a essas lutas, foi publicado, em 08 de março de 1790, um decreto que dava autonomia às colônias, trazendo uma grande derrota aos homens livres de cor no solo francês. Desiludido, Ogé retorna a São Domingos em outubro de 1790, Ogé – passando pela Inglaterra e os Estados Unidos – onde teve contato com novos discursos abolicionistas. Ogé comparava as lutas dos homens livres de cor às lutas do Terceiro Estado na França. Ao retornar a ilha, Ogé inicia uma revolta para exigir o direito de que todo cidadão, sem qualquer tipo de distinção, obtenha acesso aos direitos políticos. Ao ser capturado e executado, Ogé transforma-se em um mártir tanto em São Domingos como em Paris, ajudando a intensificar as trocas atlânticas entre aqueles que procuravam expandir os limites dos princípios revolucionários, como apontado pelos autores Rebecca J Scott e Jean M Hebrard . Ogé foi o grande responsável por trazer o debate racial através do Atlântico da Europa para as colônias, com uma posição muito mais radical e imediata do que o idealizado por seu colega revolucionário Julien Raimond. Ao se posicionar tão radicalmente, Ogé quebrava a elitização do movimento, incluindo as pessoas de cor das classes mais baixas na luta e aumentando a abrangência do debate. As ações de Ogé foram a grande ligação entre a elite de cor livre e este grupo mais abrangente e pobre, que tinha menos a perder lutando e, portanto, mais razões para lutar; foi ele que inspirou as revoltas das pessoas de cor livres em todas as colônias americanas e criaram o “espectro de pardocracia” que assustava os colonos brancos. Ogé já foi considerado um dos grandes heróis da revolução haitiana, sendo inclusive seu primeiro mártir; porém, de acordo com John D. Garrigus, as narrativas do século XIX colocaram-no em segundo plano, entretanto suas ações como um negro livre são autoexplicativas, e revela a contradição de sua posição como um membro da elite. (pt) Венса́н Оже́ (фр. Vincent Ogé; ок. 1755, Дондон, Санто-Доминго — 25 февраля 1791, Кап-Аитьен) — гаитянский военный деятель, руководитель первого восстания мулатов против французских колонизаторов, ставшего предвестником Гаитянской революции. (ru) |
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| rdfs:comment | Vincent Ogé (französische Aussprache: vɛ̃sɑ̃ ɔʒe) (* ca. 1755 in Dondon; † 6. Februar 1791 in Le Cap) war ein Franzose, dessen Eltern teils schwarze, teils weiße Hautfarbe hatten (veraltet: Mulatte). Er stand an der Spitze eines Aufstands gegen die französische Kolonialmacht in Saint-Domingue auf der Insel Hispaniola, dem heutigen Haiti. Die Rebellion dauerte von Oktober bis Dezember des Jahres 1790 und fand in der Gegend von Cap-Français, der Hauptstadt der Kolonie, statt. Die „Ogé Revolte“ war das Vorzeichen für den massiven Sklavenaufstand vom August 1791, der letztlich zu der Haitianischen Revolution und Unabhängigkeit führte. (de) Vincent Ogé, né vers 1755 à Dondon (Saint-Domingue) et mort roué vif le 25 février 1791 au Cap-Français, est le meneur de la première révolte des mulâtres, prélude de la Révolution haïtienne. (fr) Vincent Ogé (pengucapan bahasa Prancis: [vɛ̃sɑ̃ ɔʒe]; sekitar tahun 1755 – 6 Februari 1791) adalah seorang aristokrat Prancis berdarah belasteran yang memicu pemberontakan melawan otoritas kolonial kulit putih di Saint-Domingue Prancis yang berlangsung dari Oktober sampai Desember 1790 di kawasan luar , kota utama koloni tersebut. Pemberontakan Ogé tahun 1790 menimbulkan pemberontakan budak masif Agustus 1791 yang kemudian berujung pada Revolusi Haiti. (in) Vincent Ogé (Dondon, 1755 – Cap-Français, 25 febbraio 1791) è stato un mercante e attivista francese. (it) Vincent Ogé (ur. ok. 1755, zm. 1791 w Port-au-Prince) – wódz powstania Murzynów i Mulatów we francuskiej kolonii Saint-Domingue na Haiti w roku 1790. W 1789 roku przewodniczył delegacji wolnych Mulatów, która udała się do Paryża. Po klęsce powstania schronił się w hiszpańskiej części wyspy. Kiedy próbował dowieść, że należy do grupy głosujących płatników podatków został wydany Francuzom i stracony w egzekucji publicznej w Port-au-Prince. Świadkami egzekucji byli między innymi: Toussaint L’Ouverture, Henri Christophe i Jean-Jacques Dessalines. (pl) Венса́н Оже́ (фр. Vincent Ogé; ок. 1755, Дондон, Санто-Доминго — 25 февраля 1791, Кап-Аитьен) — гаитянский военный деятель, руководитель первого восстания мулатов против французских колонизаторов, ставшего предвестником Гаитянской революции. (ru) Vincent Ogé (c. 1757 – 6 February 1791) was a Dominican Creole revolutionary, merchant, military officer and goldsmith best known for his role in leading a failed uprising against French colonial rule in the colony of Saint-Domingue in 1790. A mixed-race member of the colonial elite, Ogé's revolt occurred just before the Haitian Revolution, which resulted in the colony's independence from France, and left a contested legacy in post-independence Haiti. (en) Vincent Ogé Jeune (1757-1791) foi um homem de cor livre, nascido na Ilha de São Domingos, que teve papel fundamental nos antecedentes da Revolução Haitiana. Ogé era um dos mais ricos da ilha e por isso, sua posição de liderança no movimento exigindo direitos políticos para as pessoas de cor foi tão surpreendente, uma vez que as pessoas de cor livres da colônia geralmente eram mais conservadoras, pois tinham muito a perder ao se colocarem contra a elite branca. (pt) |
| rdfs:label | Vincent Ogé (de) Vincent Ogé (en) Vincent Ogé (fr) Vincent Ogé (in) Vincent Ogé (it) Vincent Ogé (pl) Vincent Ogé Jeune (pt) Оже, Венсан (ru) |
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