William Draper Harkins (original) (raw)
ويليام درابر هاركنز (بالإنجليزية: William Draper Harkins) هو عالم نووي وكيميائي وأستاذ جامعي أمريكي، ولد في 28 ديسمبر 1873 في تيتوسفيل في الولايات المتحدة، وتوفي في 7 مارس 1951 في شيكاغو في الولايات المتحدة.
Property | Value |
---|---|
dbo:abstract | ويليام درابر هاركنز (بالإنجليزية: William Draper Harkins) هو عالم نووي وكيميائي وأستاذ جامعي أمريكي، ولد في 28 ديسمبر 1873 في تيتوسفيل في الولايات المتحدة، وتوفي في 7 مارس 1951 في شيكاغو في الولايات المتحدة. (ar) William Draper Harkins (* 28. Dezember 1873 in Titusville, Pennsylvania; † 7. März 1951 in Chicago, Illinois) war ein US-amerikanischer Chemiker (Physikalische Chemie, Kernphysik). (de) William Draper Harkins (28 décembre 1873 - 7 mars 1951) est un physico- chimiste américain, connu pour ses contributions à la chimie de surface et à la chimie nucléaire. Harkins étudie la structure du noyau atomique et est le premier à proposer le principe de la Fusion nucléaire quatre ans avant que Jean Baptiste Perrin ne publie sa théorie en 1919-20. Ses découvertes permettent, entre autres, le développement de la Bombe H. En tant que professeur invité avec Fritz Haber en 1909, il est initié à l'étude de la tension superficielle, et il commence à travailler sur la théorie des solutions et de la solubilité lors d'une visite au MIT en 1909-1910. (fr) William Draper Harkins (December 28, 1873 – March 7, 1951) was an American physical chemist, noted for his contributions to surface chemistry and nuclear chemistry. Harkins researched the structure of the atomic nucleus and was the first to propose the principle of nuclear fusion, four years before Jean Baptiste Perrin published his theory in 1919-20. His findings enabled, among other things, the development of the H-bomb. As a visiting professor with Fritz Haber in 1909, he was introduced to the study of surface tension, and he began work on the theory of solutions and solubility during a visit to MIT in 1909-1910. Harkins was born in Titusville, Pennsylvania, and graduated with a PhD from Stanford University in 1907. He subsequently taught chemistry at the University of Montana from 1900 to 1912, and then spent the rest of his career at the University of Chicago. Harkins correctly predicted the existence of the neutron in 1920 (as a proton–electron complex) and was the first to use the word "neutron" in connection with the atomic nucleus. The neutron was detected experimentally by James Chadwick in 1932. In the beginning of the 1930s, Harkins built a cyclotron. From experiments with this, he concluded that the sun might be powered by nuclear fusion. Among other University of Chicago scientists who made use of this cyclotron was Enrico Fermi, who performed neutron diffusion experiments. Since 1978, the magnet yoke of the cyclotron Harkins built has been on display at Fermilab. Among his students were Robert Mulliken, Lyle Benjamin Borst, Calvin Souther Fuller, Martin Kamen, Henry W. Newson, Samuel Allison, and Robert James Moon, Jr. (1911–1989). Harkins died in Chicago. He is buried at Oak Woods Cemetery. (en) Уильям Дрэпер Харкинс (28 декабря 1873 — 7 марта 1951) — американский учёный в области физической химии, изучавший химию поверхности, а также один из первых, кто начал изучать строение ядра и атома, разделение изотопов. Прославился не только за вклад в фундаментальную и прикладную науку, но и за ряд промышленных нововведений. (ru) |
dbo:academicDiscipline | dbr:Nuclear_chemistry |
dbo:almaMater | dbr:Stanford_University |
dbo:award | dbr:Willard_Gibbs_Award |
dbo:birthDate | 1873-12-28 (xsd:date) |
dbo:birthPlace | dbr:Titusville,_Pennsylvania |
dbo:deathPlace | dbr:Chicago |
dbo:doctoralStudent | dbr:Robert_S._Mulliken dbr:Lyle_Benjamin_Borst |
dbo:thumbnail | wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Harkins_1935_Cyclotro...w_displayed_at_Fermilab.jpg?width=300 |
dbo:wikiPageExternalLink | http://phdtree.org/scholar/harkins-william-d/ https://www.lib.uchicago.edu/e/scrc/findingaids/view.php%3Feadid=ICU.SPCL.HARKINS https://www.lib.uchicago.edu/scrc/ |
dbo:wikiPageID | 8956685 (xsd:integer) |
dbo:wikiPageLength | 5615 (xsd:nonNegativeInteger) |
dbo:wikiPageRevisionID | 1104786438 (xsd:integer) |
dbo:wikiPageWikiLink | dbr:Calvin_Souther_Fuller dbr:Robert_S._Mulliken dbr:Nuclear_chemistry dbr:University_of_Chicago dbr:Chemist dbr:Enrico_Fermi dbr:Fritz_Haber dbr:Lyle_Benjamin_Borst dbr:Stanford_University dbr:Surface_science dbc:1873_births dbc:1951_deaths dbc:American_chemists dbc:Stanford_University_alumni dbc:University_of_Chicago_faculty dbc:University_of_Montana_faculty dbr:Titusville,_Pennsylvania dbr:Cyclotron dbr:Fermilab dbr:Nuclear_fusion dbr:Atomic_nucleus dbr:James_Chadwick dbr:Jean_Baptiste_Perrin dbr:Chicago dbc:People_involved_with_the_periodic_table dbr:Sun dbr:Willard_Gibbs_Award dbc:People_from_Titusville,_Pennsylvania dbr:H-bomb dbr:Neutron dbr:Oak_Woods_Cemetery dbr:Martin_Kamen dbr:Robert_James_Moon dbr:University_of_Montana_–_Missoula dbr:Samuel_Allison dbr:Henry_W._Newson dbr:File:Harkins_1935_Cyclotron_Magnet_fro...hicago,_now_displayed_at_Fermilab.jpg |
dbp:almaMater | dbr:Stanford_University |
dbp:birthDate | 1873-12-28 (xsd:date) |
dbp:birthPlace | dbr:Titusville,_Pennsylvania |
dbp:deathDate | 0001-03-07 (xsd:gMonthDay) |
dbp:deathPlace | dbr:Chicago |
dbp:doctoralStudents | dbr:Robert_S._Mulliken dbr:Lyle_Benjamin_Borst |
dbp:field | dbr:Nuclear_chemistry |
dbp:name | William Draper Harkins (en) |
dbp:nationality | American (en) |
dbp:prizes | dbr:Willard_Gibbs_Award |
dbp:wikiPageUsesTemplate | dbt:Authority_control dbt:Reflist dbt:Short_description dbt:Death-date_and_age dbt:Infobox_scientist |
dbp:workInstitutions | dbr:University_of_Chicago dbr:University_of_Montana_–_Missoula |
dcterms:subject | dbc:1873_births dbc:1951_deaths dbc:American_chemists dbc:Stanford_University_alumni dbc:University_of_Chicago_faculty dbc:University_of_Montana_faculty dbc:People_involved_with_the_periodic_table dbc:People_from_Titusville,_Pennsylvania |
gold:hypernym | dbr:Chemist |
schema:sameAs | http://viaf.org/viaf/13814176 |
rdf:type | owl:Thing foaf:Person dbo:Person dul:NaturalPerson wikidata:Q19088 wikidata:Q215627 wikidata:Q5 wikidata:Q729 yago:WikicatAmericanChemists dbo:Animal dbo:Eukaryote dbo:Scientist dbo:Species schema:Person yago:WikicatStanfordUniversityAlumni wikidata:Q901 yago:Alumnus109786338 yago:CausalAgent100007347 yago:Chemist109913824 yago:Intellectual109621545 yago:LivingThing100004258 yago:Object100002684 yago:Organism100004475 yago:Person100007846 yago:PhysicalEntity100001930 yago:YagoLegalActor yago:YagoLegalActorGeo yago:Scholar110557854 yago:Scientist110560637 yago:Whole100003553 yago:WikicatPeopleFromTitusville,Pennsylvania |
rdfs:comment | ويليام درابر هاركنز (بالإنجليزية: William Draper Harkins) هو عالم نووي وكيميائي وأستاذ جامعي أمريكي، ولد في 28 ديسمبر 1873 في تيتوسفيل في الولايات المتحدة، وتوفي في 7 مارس 1951 في شيكاغو في الولايات المتحدة. (ar) William Draper Harkins (* 28. Dezember 1873 in Titusville, Pennsylvania; † 7. März 1951 in Chicago, Illinois) war ein US-amerikanischer Chemiker (Physikalische Chemie, Kernphysik). (de) William Draper Harkins (28 décembre 1873 - 7 mars 1951) est un physico- chimiste américain, connu pour ses contributions à la chimie de surface et à la chimie nucléaire. Harkins étudie la structure du noyau atomique et est le premier à proposer le principe de la Fusion nucléaire quatre ans avant que Jean Baptiste Perrin ne publie sa théorie en 1919-20. Ses découvertes permettent, entre autres, le développement de la Bombe H. En tant que professeur invité avec Fritz Haber en 1909, il est initié à l'étude de la tension superficielle, et il commence à travailler sur la théorie des solutions et de la solubilité lors d'une visite au MIT en 1909-1910. (fr) Уильям Дрэпер Харкинс (28 декабря 1873 — 7 марта 1951) — американский учёный в области физической химии, изучавший химию поверхности, а также один из первых, кто начал изучать строение ядра и атома, разделение изотопов. Прославился не только за вклад в фундаментальную и прикладную науку, но и за ряд промышленных нововведений. (ru) William Draper Harkins (December 28, 1873 – March 7, 1951) was an American physical chemist, noted for his contributions to surface chemistry and nuclear chemistry. Harkins researched the structure of the atomic nucleus and was the first to propose the principle of nuclear fusion, four years before Jean Baptiste Perrin published his theory in 1919-20. His findings enabled, among other things, the development of the H-bomb. As a visiting professor with Fritz Haber in 1909, he was introduced to the study of surface tension, and he began work on the theory of solutions and solubility during a visit to MIT in 1909-1910. (en) |
rdfs:label | ويليام درابر هاركنز (ar) William Draper Harkins (de) William Draper Harkins (fr) Харкинс, Уильям Дрэпер (ru) William Draper Harkins (en) |
owl:sameAs | freebase:William Draper Harkins http://viaf.org/viaf/13814176 yago-res:William Draper Harkins http://d-nb.info/gnd/139285970 wikidata:William Draper Harkins http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p124554687 dbpedia-ar:William Draper Harkins http://azb.dbpedia.org/resource/ویلیام_دراپر_هارکینز dbpedia-de:William Draper Harkins dbpedia-fr:William Draper Harkins dbpedia-ru:William Draper Harkins dbpedia-vi:William Draper Harkins https://global.dbpedia.org/id/4xXUg |
prov:wasDerivedFrom | wikipedia-en:William_Draper_Harkins?oldid=1104786438&ns=0 |
foaf:depiction | wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Harkins_1935_Cyclotro...hicago,_now_displayed_at_Fermilab.jpg |
foaf:isPrimaryTopicOf | wikipedia-en:William_Draper_Harkins |
foaf:name | William Draper Harkins (en) |
is dbo:doctoralAdvisor of | dbr:Samuel_King_Allison dbr:Lyle_Benjamin_Borst |
is dbo:wikiPageDisambiguates of | dbr:Harkins dbr:William_Draper |
is dbo:wikiPageRedirects of | dbr:William_D._Harkins dbr:William_Harkins |
is dbo:wikiPageWikiLink of | dbr:Calvin_Souther_Fuller dbr:Samuel_King_Allison dbr:List_of_eponymous_laws dbr:List_of_people_from_Pennsylvania dbr:List_of_inductees_in_the_International_Rubber_Science_Hall_of_Fame dbr:List_of_nominees_for_the_Nobel_Prize_in_Chemistry dbr:Giuseppe_Oddo dbr:Lyle_Benjamin_Borst dbr:Micri- dbr:Titusville,_Pennsylvania dbr:Erg dbr:Edward_G._Mazurs dbr:Harkins dbr:Jean_Baptiste_Perrin dbr:K-25 dbr:Henry_Winston_Newson dbr:Willard_Gibbs_Award dbr:William_Draper dbr:Asimov's_Biographical_Encyclopedia_of_Science_and_Technology dbr:Neutron dbr:Oak_Woods_Cemetery dbr:Oddo–Harkins_rule dbr:Rollin_Turner_Woodyatt dbr:William_D._Harkins dbr:William_Harkins |
is dbp:doctoralAdvisor of | dbr:Samuel_King_Allison dbr:Lyle_Benjamin_Borst |
is foaf:primaryTopic of | wikipedia-en:William_Draper_Harkins |