Yavanajataka (original) (raw)
Le Yavanajātaka (du sanskrit yavana : grec et jātaka : horoscopie = horoscopie des grecs) de Sphujidhvaja est un texte d’astrologie antique indienne. Pour Francis Zimmermann« l'histoire de l'astronomie indienne se divise en trois périodes » : Le Yavanajātaka s’inscrit donc dans cette seconde période et traduit l’assimilation par les savants indiens des travaux scientifiques transmis d’abord de Babylone à la Grèce puis de la Grèce vers l’Inde. Ces travaux indiens influenceront à leur tour l’astrologie sassanide, arabe, byzantine et d’Europe de l’Ouest.
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| dbo:abstract | Le Yavanajātaka (du sanskrit yavana : grec et jātaka : horoscopie = horoscopie des grecs) de Sphujidhvaja est un texte d’astrologie antique indienne. Pour Francis Zimmermann« l'histoire de l'astronomie indienne se divise en trois périodes » : * L’époque védique du Xe au IVe siècles av. J.-C. : une science du calendrier se développe, dont témoigne le (« Appendice astronomique du Veda »). * Une seconde période, du IVe siècle av. J.-C. au Ve siècle ap. J.-C, est caractérisée par l'influence des astronomies mésopotamienne, puis grecque. Deux textes témoignent de cette époque : le Yavanajātaka de Sphujidhvaja et le de Varahamihira, texte plus tardif mais qui résume plusieurs traités d’astronomie gréco-romaine. * Une troisième période s’étend enfin du Ve au VIe siècles « avec le développement d'une astronomie savante, caractérisée par la mise en œuvre de la fonction trigonométrique sur des modèles planétaires grecs (révolutions à double épicycle, etc.) ». Le Yavanajātaka s’inscrit donc dans cette seconde période et traduit l’assimilation par les savants indiens des travaux scientifiques transmis d’abord de Babylone à la Grèce puis de la Grèce vers l’Inde. Ces travaux indiens influenceront à leur tour l’astrologie sassanide, arabe, byzantine et d’Europe de l’Ouest. (fr) The Yavanajātaka (Sanskrit: yavana 'Greek' + jātaka 'nativity' = 'nativity according to the Greeks'), written by Sphujidhvaja, is an ancient text in Indian astrology. According to David Pingree, it is a later versification of an earlier translation into Sanskrit of a Greek text, thought to have been written around 120 CE in Alexandria, on horoscopy. Based on Pingree's interpretation and emendations, the original translation, made in 149–150 CE by "Yavanesvara" ("Lord of the Greeks") under the rule of the Western Kshatrapa king Rudrakarman I, is lost; only a substantial portion of the versification 120 years later by Sphujidhvaja under Rudrasena II has survived. However, according to the recent research by Mak based on a newly discovered manuscript and other documents, Pingree's date interpretation as well as a number of crucial readings such as zero and other bhūtasaṃkhyā were based on his own emendation, not supported by what was written on the manuscripts. Furthermore, traditionally Yavanesvara and Sphujidhvaja were understood as referring to the same person, the former being an epithet to the latter, according to authors such as Bhaskara and Utpala. The date of the Yavanajātaka according to Mak is now revised to between 4th and 6th century CE. Yavanajataka is one of the earliest known Sanskrit works referencing western horoscopy. It was followed by other works of Western origin which greatly influenced Indian astrology: the Paulisa Siddhanta ("Doctrine of Paul") and the Romaka Siddhanta ("Doctrine of the Romans"). However, some Indian scholars say the earliest known Sanskrit work on horoscopy is Vedanga Jyotisha It was translated by David Pingree into English, which was published as volume 48 of the Harvard Oriental Series in 1978. (en) O Yavanajātaka (Sânscrito: 'grego' + jātaka 'nascimento' = '(mapa) natal (astral) segundo os gregos') de é um texto antigo na astrologia indiana. De acordo com Pingree, é uma versificação posterior de uma tradução anterior em Sânscrito de um texto grego sobre horóscopo, que se acredita como tendo sido escrito por volta de 120 a.C. em Alexandria. Baseado na interpretação de Pingree, a tradução original, feita em 149–150 d.C. por "" ("Senhor dos Gregos") sob as ordens de , da , está perdida; somente uma porção substanc da versificação feita 120 anos depois por Sphujidhvaja sob teria sobrevivido. No entanto, de acordo com a recente pesquisa feita por Mak com base em um manuscrito recém-descoberto e outros documentos, a interpretação da data de Pingree, bem como uma série de leituras cruciais como marco zero e outros bhūtasaṃkhyā foram baseados em sua própria emenda, não é apoiado pelo que foi escrito sobre os manuscritos. Além disso, tradicionalmente, Yavanesvara e Sphujidhvaja foram entendidos como referindo-se à mesma pessoa, sendo o primeiro um epíteto para o último, de acordo com autores como Bhaskara I e . A data da Yavanajātaka, de acordo com Mak, agora é revisada para entre os séculos IV e VI d.C. (pt) |
| dbo:wikiPageExternalLink | http://www.people.fas.harvard.edu/~witzel/EJVS-7-3.htm http://www.billmak.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/the-date-and-nature-of-sphujidhvaja.pdf https://www.academia.edu/5730792/The_Last_Chapter_of_Sphujidhvajas_Yavanaj%C4%81taka_critically_edited_with_notes https://www.researchgate.net/publication/292140020_The_'oldest_Indo-Greek_text_in_Sanskrit'_revisited_-_Additional_Readings_from_the_Newly_Discovered_Manuscript_of_the_Yavanajataka |
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| rdfs:comment | Le Yavanajātaka (du sanskrit yavana : grec et jātaka : horoscopie = horoscopie des grecs) de Sphujidhvaja est un texte d’astrologie antique indienne. Pour Francis Zimmermann« l'histoire de l'astronomie indienne se divise en trois périodes » : Le Yavanajātaka s’inscrit donc dans cette seconde période et traduit l’assimilation par les savants indiens des travaux scientifiques transmis d’abord de Babylone à la Grèce puis de la Grèce vers l’Inde. Ces travaux indiens influenceront à leur tour l’astrologie sassanide, arabe, byzantine et d’Europe de l’Ouest. (fr) The Yavanajātaka (Sanskrit: yavana 'Greek' + jātaka 'nativity' = 'nativity according to the Greeks'), written by Sphujidhvaja, is an ancient text in Indian astrology. According to David Pingree, it is a later versification of an earlier translation into Sanskrit of a Greek text, thought to have been written around 120 CE in Alexandria, on horoscopy. Based on Pingree's interpretation and emendations, the original translation, made in 149–150 CE by "Yavanesvara" ("Lord of the Greeks") under the rule of the Western Kshatrapa king Rudrakarman I, is lost; only a substantial portion of the versification 120 years later by Sphujidhvaja under Rudrasena II has survived. However, according to the recent research by Mak based on a newly discovered manuscript and other documents, Pingree's date interp (en) O Yavanajātaka (Sânscrito: 'grego' + jātaka 'nascimento' = '(mapa) natal (astral) segundo os gregos') de é um texto antigo na astrologia indiana. De acordo com Pingree, é uma versificação posterior de uma tradução anterior em Sânscrito de um texto grego sobre horóscopo, que se acredita como tendo sido escrito por volta de 120 a.C. em Alexandria. Baseado na interpretação de Pingree, a tradução original, feita em 149–150 d.C. por "" ("Senhor dos Gregos") sob as ordens de , da , está perdida; somente uma porção substanc da versificação feita 120 anos depois por Sphujidhvaja sob teria sobrevivido. No entanto, de acordo com a recente pesquisa feita por Mak com base em um manuscrito recém-descoberto e outros documentos, a interpretação da data de Pingree, bem como uma série de leituras crucia (pt) |
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