HLA-DMB (original) (raw)

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Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

HLA-DMB
Available structuresPDBOrtholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes1HDM, 2BC4, 4FQX, 4GBX, 4I0P
Identifiers
Aliases	HLA-DMB, D6S221E, RING7, major histocompatibility complex, class II, DM beta
External IDs	OMIM: 142856; MGI: 95922; HomoloGene: 68231; GeneCards: HLA-DMB; OMA:HLA-DMB - orthologs
Gene location (Human)Chr.Chromosome 6 (human)[1]Band6p21.32Start32,934,629 bp[1]End32,941,028 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse)Chr.Chromosome 17 (mouse)[2]Band17 B1|17 17.98 cMStart34,372,046 bp[2]End34,379,204 bp[2]
RNA expression patternBgeeHuman Mouse (ortholog)Top expressed inmonocytegranulocytelymph nodeappendixspleenduodenumgallbladderright lungupper lobe of left lungrectumTop expressed inmesenteric lymph nodesspleenbloodright kidneyankle jointsuperior surface of tonguethymussciatic nervelipsubcutaneous adipose tissueMore reference expression dataBioGPSMore reference expression data
Gene ontologyMolecular function MHC class II protein complex binding protein binding Cellular component lysosomal membrane lysosome membrane endosome late endosome membrane integral component of membrane MHC class II protein complex Biological process positive regulation of T cell activation via T cell receptor contact with antigen bound to MHC molecule on antigen presenting cell antigen processing and presentation MHC class II protein complex assembly positive regulation of T cell proliferation antigen processing and presentation of peptide or polysaccharide antigen via MHC class II peptide antigen assembly with MHC class II protein complex immune system process antigen processing and presentation of exogenous peptide antigen via MHC class II immune response adaptive immune response Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
OrthologsSpeciesHuman MouseEntrez310914999EnsemblENSG00000241674ENSG00000226264ENSG00000242574ENSG00000239329ENSG00000234154ENSG00000242386ENSG00000242092ENSG00000241296ENSMUSG00000079547UniProtP28068P35737Q31094RefSeq (mRNA)NM_002118NM_010387RefSeq (protein)NP_002109NP_034517Location (UCSC)Chr 6: 32.93 – 32.94 MbChr 17: 34.37 – 34.38 MbPubMed search[3][4]
Wikidata
View/Edit HumanView/Edit Mouse

HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DM beta chain is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HLA-DMB gene.[5][6]

HLA-DMB belongs to the HLA class II beta chain paralogues. This class II molecule is a heterodimer consisting of an alpha (DMA) and a beta (DMB) chain, both anchored in the membrane. It is located in intracellular vesicles. DM plays a central role in the peptide loading of MHC class II molecules by helping to release the CLIP (class II-associated invariant chain peptide) molecule from the peptide binding site. Class II molecules are expressed in antigen presenting cells (APC: B lymphocytes, dendritic cells, macrophages). The beta chain is approximately 26–28 kDa and its gene contains 6 exons. Exon one encodes the leader peptide, exons 2 and 3 encode the two extracellular domains, exon 4 encodes the transmembrane domain and exon 5 encodes the cytoplasmic tail.[6]

Clinical significance

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HLA-DMB is upregulated in tumor tissue of Caucasian but not African patients. Its role in tumor immunology is undefined but has been shown to positively correlated with increased T-cell infiltration and improved prognosis in ovarian cancer. Differential immune processes mediated by HLA-DMB may contribute to the disparity in cancer outcome.[7]

1. ^ a b c ENSG00000226264, ENSG00000242574, ENSG00000239329, ENSG00000234154, ENSG00000242386, ENSG00000242092, ENSG00000241296 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000241674, ENSG00000226264, ENSG00000242574, ENSG00000239329, ENSG00000234154, ENSG00000242386, ENSG00000242092, ENSG00000241296 – Ensembl, May 2017
2. ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000079547 – Ensembl, May 2017
3. ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
5. ^ Kelly AP, Monaco JJ, Cho SG, Trowsdale J (Nov 1991). "A new human HLA class II-related locus, DM". Nature. 353 (6344): 571–3. Bibcode:1991Natur.353..571K. doi:10.1038/353571a0. PMID 1922365. S2CID 3065226.
6. ^ a b "Entrez Gene: HLA-DMB major histocompatibility complex, class II, DM beta".
7. ^ Kinseth MA, Jia Z, Rahmatpanah F, Sawyers A, Sutton M, Wang-Rodriguez J, Mercola D, McGuire KL (Jan 2014). "Expression differences between African American and Caucasian prostate cancer tissue reveals that stroma is the site of aggressive changes". International Journal of Cancer. 134 (1): 81–91. doi:10.1002/ijc.28326. PMC 3800217. PMID 23754304.

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• Kropshofer H, Hämmerling GJ, Vogt AB (2000). "The impact of the non-classical MHC proteins HLA-DM and HLA-DO on loading of MHC class II molecules". Immunol. Rev. 172: 267–78. doi:10.1111/j.1600-065X.1999.tb01371.x. PMID 10631952. S2CID 22216172.
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• Andrieu JM, Even P, Venet A (1986). "AIDS and related syndromes as a viral-induced autoimmune disease of the immune system: an anti-MHC II disorder. Therapeutic implications". AIDS Research. 2 (3): 163–74. doi:10.1089/aid.1.1986.2.163. PMID 3489470.
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• Chirmule N, McCloskey TW, Hu R, et al. (1995). "HIV gp120 inhibits T cell activation by interfering with expression of costimulatory molecules CD40 ligand and CD80 (B71)". J. Immunol. 155 (2): 917–24. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.155.2.917. PMID 7541827.
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• Sherman MA, Weber DA, Jensen PE (1995). "DM enhances peptide binding to class II MHC by release of invariant chain-derived peptide". Immunity. 3 (2): 197–205. doi:10.1016/1074-7613(95)90089-6. PMID 7648393.
• Radley E, Alderton RP, Kelly A, et al. (1994). "Genomic organization of HLA-DMA and HLA-DMB. Comparison of the gene organization of all six class II families in the human major histocompatibility complex". J. Biol. Chem. 269 (29): 18834–8. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(17)32242-1. PMID 8034636.
• Chen YH, Böck G, Vornhagen R, et al. (1994). "HIV-1 gp41 binding proteins and antibodies to gp41 could inhibit enhancement of human Raji cell MHC class I and II expression by gp41". Mol. Immunol. 31 (13): 977–82. doi:10.1016/0161-5890(94)90092-2. PMID 8084338.
• Fling SP, Arp B, Pious D (1994). "HLA-DMA and -DMB genes are both required for MHC class II/peptide complex formation in antigen-presenting cells". Nature. 368 (6471): 554–8. Bibcode:1994Natur.368..554F. doi:10.1038/368554a0. PMID 8139690. S2CID 4307699.
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