Costa Rica (original) (raw)

Costa Rica

to 12 Nov 1821	12 Nov 1821 - 10 May 1823	10 May 1823 - 6 Mar 1824
6 Mar 1824 - 22 Nov 1824	22 Nov 1824 - 22 Nov 1838	Nov 1838 - 15 Nov 1840
21 Apr 1840 - Sep 1842	Sep 1842 - 29 Sep 1848	29 Sep 1848 - 27 Nov 1906 State Flag
Adopted 29 Sep 1848	27 Nov 1906 - 21 Oct 1964 State Flag	Adopted 21 Oct 1964 State Flag

Map of Costa Rica	Hear National Anthem "Noble patria, tu hermosa bandera" (Noble homeland, your beautiful flag)	Text of National Anthem Adopted 1949 (music 1852, lyrics 1903)	Constitution (9 Nov 1949)
Capital: San Jos�	Currency: Costa Rican Colon (CRC); 1848-1896 Costa Rican Peso (CRP)	National Holiday: 15 Sep (1821) D�a de la Independencia (Independence Day)	Population:4,930,258 (2017)
GDP: 85.2billion(2017)∣∗∗Exports∗∗:85.2 billion (2017)	Exports: 85.2billion(2017)∣∗∗Exports∗∗:10.5 billion (2017) Imports: $15.5 billion (2017)	Ethnic groups: white or mestizo 83.6%, mulatto 6.7%, indigenous 2.4%, black of African descent 1.1%, other 1.1%, none 2.9%, unspecified 2.2% (2011)
Total Active Paramilitary Force: 14,500 (2012) (Army officially abolished 1948) Merchant marine: 10 ships (2017)	Religions: Roman Catholic 76.3%, Evangelical 13.7%, Jehovah's Witnesses 1.3%, other Protestant 0.7%, other 4.8%, non-religious 3.2% (2004)
International Organizations/Treaties: ACS, ANT, APM, BCIE, BTWC, CACM, CAFTA (signatory), CAP (observer), CCM, CD, CELAC, CTBT, CWC, ENMOD, ESCR, FAO, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICRM, ICSID, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, IRENA, ISA, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC, LAIA (observer), LAP, LU, MIGA, NAM (observer), NPT, NTBT, OAS, OECD, OIF (observer), OPANAL, OPCW, PA (observer),PCA, SEGIB, SICA, UN, UNCLOS, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNFCC, UNFCC-KP, UNFCC-PA, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO

Costa Rica Index	Chronology 18 Sep 1502 Discovered and claimed for Spain by Columbus. 1540 - 1541 Province of Costa Rica (within Panama). 1543 Province of Nuevo Cartago (from 1565, Costa Rica) separated from Nicaragua; part of the colonial kingdom of Guatemala (which is subordinate to the New Spain [Mexico]). 23 Dec 1786 _Gobierno_of Costa Rica within Intendencia of Le�n (see Nicaragua). 11 Oct 1821 Independence of Provincia de Nicaragua y Costa Rica from Spain. 12 Nov 1821 Costa Rica is organized as a polity (provincia) upon the installation of an autonomous government at Cartago (Province of Costa Rica). 10 Jan 1822 Part the Mexican Empire. 8 Mar 1823 Independence of Costa Rica is proclaimed. 4 Mar 1824 - 15 Nov 1838 Constituent state of Central American Federation (see under Guatemala). 4 Mar 1824 State of Costa Rica 25 Jul 1824 Annexation of Guanacaste province. 21 Jan 1825 Free State of Costa Rica 15 Nov 1838 State of Costa Rica 10 Apr 1844 Free State of Costa Rica 10 Feb 1847 State of Costa Rica 31 Aug 1848 Republic of Costa Rica 10 May 1859 Spain recognizes the independence of Costa Rica.
Talamanca (1862-1910)

Governors of Veragua 1508 - 1511 Diego de Nicuesa (b. c.1464 - d. 1511)
1511 - 1514 Vasco N��ez de Balboa (de facto) (b. 1475 - d. 1519)
1523 - 3 Mar 1531 Pedrarias D�vila (b. 1468 - d. 1531)
(Pedro Arias de �vila)
1534 - 1536 Felipe Guti�rrez y Toledo (b. c.1500 - d. 1544)
1539 - 1541 Hern�n S�nchez de Badajoz (b. 1490 - d. 1546)
(gobernador y adelantado)
Governors of Nicaragua and Costa Rica 1521 - 1541 the governors ofNicaragua Governors of Costa Rica1541 - 1543 Hern�n S�nchez de Badajoz (s.a.)
1543 - Dec 1544 Diego de Guti�rrez y Toledo (b. c.1510 - d. 1544)
Dec 1544 - Jan 1562 Vacant
1549 Juan P�rez de Cabrera (nominal) (d. 1555)
1559 Alonso Ortiz de Argueta (nominal) (b. c.1525 - d. c.1580)
1561 - 1562 Juan de Cavall�n y Arboleda (b. 1524 - d. 1565)
(alcalde mayor)
Jan 1562 - Nov 1562 Juan de Estrada R�vago y A�ez (b. 1524 - d. af.1570)
(acting)
Alcaldes Mayor of Nueva Cartago and Costa Rica
1562 - 1565 Juan V�squez de Coronado da Anaya (b. 1523 - d. 1565)
Jul 1563 - Apr 1564Juan Illanes de Castro (b. 1518 - d. ....)
Apr 1564 - 1564 Antonio Andrada
1564 - 1566 Miguel S�nchez de Guido (b. 1528 - d. c.1590)
(acting to 1565)
1566 - 1568 Pedro Venegas de los R�os (b. 1492 - d. 1577)
Governor of Nueva Cartago a nd Costa Rica
1568 - May 1573 Pero Af�n de Ribera y G�mez (b. 1492 - d. 1577)
Governors of Costa Rica May 1573 - May 1574 Juan Solano y D�az de Tapia (b. 1540 - d. 1615)
(acting)
May 1574 - 1577 Alonso de Anguciana de Gamboa (b. 1535 - d. c.1610)
(interim)
11 Feb 1577 - 1589 Diego de Artieda Chirinos y Ucl�s (b. c.1533 - d. 1590)
1589 - 1590 Juan de Pe�aranda (acting) (b. 1535 - d. 1605)
1590 - 1591 Juan Vel�zquez Ramiro de
Logros�n (interim)
1591 Antonio �lvarez Pereyra (acting) (b. c.1532 - d. 1599)
Nov 1591 - Feb 1593 Bartolom� de Lences(interim)
Feb 1593 - 30 Mar 1595 Gonzalo de Palma (acting)
30 Mar 1595 - 1599 Fernando de la Cueva y Escobedo (b. 1569 - d. 1599)
1599 Gaspar Rodr�guez (acting)
1600 Antonio de Carvajal (acting) (b. 1546 - d. 1604)
1600 - 1604 Gonzalo V�zquez de Coronado y (b. 1552 - d. 1616)
Arias D�vila (interim)
1604 - 1613 Juan de Oc�n y Trillo (b. 1559 - d. 1618)
1613 - 9 Jan 1619 Juan de Mendoza y Medrano (b. 1575 - d. 1661)
9 Jan 1619 - 31 Dec 1624 Alonso del Castillo y Guzm�n (b. c.1588 � d. 1635)
31 Dec 1624 - Sep 1630 Frey Juan de Ech�uz y Velasco (b. 1583 - d. af.1631)
Sep 1630 - 1634 Juan de Villalta (b. c.1575 - d. 1634)
1634 - 1635 Bartolom� de Enciso Hita (acting) (b. 1600 - d. 1639)
1635 - Oct 1636 Juan Maldonado de Villasante (b. c.1600 - d. 16..)
(acting)
Oct 1636 - 1644 Gregorio de Sandoval Anaya y (b. c.1590 - d. 1646)
Gonz�lez de Alcal�
1644 - Dec 1650 Juan de Ch�ves y Mendoza (b. 1606 - d. c.1686)
Dec 1650 - 8 Jan 1659 Juan Fern�ndez de Salinas y (b. 1613 - d. 1674)
La Cerda
8 Jan 1659 - 25 Nov 1661 Andr�s Arias de Maldonado (b. c.1600 - d. 1661)
25 Nov 1661 - 27 Feb 1662 Pedro Fern�ndez de C�rdoba (acting)(b. 1597 - d. 1663)
27 Feb 1662 - 1664 Rodrigo Arias Maldonado y G�ngora (b. 1637 - d. 1714)
(interim)
1664 - 29 Jun 1665 Juan de Obreg�n y Espinosa (b. 1600 - d. 1672)
(acting)
29 Jun 1665 - 27 Apr 1674 Juan L�pez de la Flor y Reinoso (d. 1694)
27 Apr 1674 - Jan 1679 Juan Francisco S�enz-V�zquez de (b. 1620 - d. 1686)
Quintanilla y Send�n de
Sotomayor (1st time)
Jan 1679 - Jan 1680 Francisco Antonio de Rivas y (b. 1645 - d. c.1702/11)
Contreras (commission chairman)
Jan 1680 - 24 Jul 1681 Juan Francisco S�enz-V�zquez de (s.a.)
Quintanilla y Send�n de
Sotomayor (2nd time)
24 Jul 1681 - 28 Apr 1693 Miguel G�mez de Lara y Brocal (b. 1632 - d. c.1694)
28 Apr 1693 - 8 May 1698 Manuel de Bustamente y Vivero (b. 1653 - d. 1719)
8 May 1698 - Jun 1704 Francisco Serrano de Reyna y (b. 1655 - d. 1711)
C�spedes
Jun 1704 - 1 May 1707 Diego de Herrera Campuzano (b. 1653 - d. 1714)
1 May 1707 - 1712 Lorenzo Antonio de Granada y (b. 1651 - d. 1712)
Balb�n
1712 - 27 Apr 1713 Jos� de Casasola y C�rdoba (acting)(b. 1667 - d. 1713)
27 Apr 1713 - 11 May 1713 Francisco L�pez Conejo (acting) (b. 1662 - d. 1717)
11 May 1713 - 1717 Jos� Antonio Lacayo de Briones (b. 1679 - d. 1756)
y Palacios
1717 - 1718 Pedro Ru�z de Bustamante (acting) (b. 1681 - d. 1747)
26 Nov 1718 - 1727 Diego de la Haya Fern�ndez (b. 1675 - d. 1734)
1727 - 1736 Baltazar Francisco de Valderrama (b. 1690 - d. 1738)
y Haro
1736 Antonio V�zquez de la Quadra y (b. 1688 - d. 1736)
Sequera
1736 - 24 Jul 1736 Juan Francisco de Ibarra y Calvo (b. 1683 - d. 1737)
(acting)
24 Jul 1736 - 24 Dec 1736 Dionisio Salm�n-Pacheco y Abarca (b. 1690 - d. 1767)
(acting)
24 Dec 1736 - 13 Jul 1739 Francisco de Carrand� y Men�n (b. c.1679 - d. 1741)
(interim)
13 Jul 1739 - 2 Jun 1740 Francisco de Olaechea y
Garaycoechea (interim)
2 Jun 1740 - 5 Nov 1747 Joan Gemmir i Lleonart y (b. 1692 - d. 1747)
Fontanills
5 Nov 1747 - 22 Jan 1748 Francisco Javier de Oreamuno y (b. 1707 - d. 1762)
V�zquez-Mel�ndez (1st time)
(acting)
22 Jan 1748 - 14 Mar 1750 Luis D�ez Navarro y Albuquerque, (b. 1699 - d. 1780)
(interim)
1750 - 1754 Crist�bal Ignacio de Soria y (d. 1757)
Montero de Espinosa
1754 - 2 Jul 1756 Francisco Fern�ndez de la Pastora (b. 1712 - d. 1756)
y Miranda (interim)
12 Aug 1756 - 24 Oct 1757 Jos� Antonio de Oreamuno y (b. 1710 - d. 1785)
V�zquez-Mel�ndez (1st time)
(interim)
24 Oct 1757 - 18 Sep 1758 Jos� Gonz�lez Ranca�o (interim) (b. c.1696 - d. 1776)
18 Sep 1758 - 1760 Manuel Soler (d. 1763)
1760 - 1762 Francisco Javier de Oreamuno y (s.a.)
V�zquez-Mel�ndez (2nd time)
(acting)
1762 - 3 Apr 1764 Jos� Antonio de Oreamuno y (s.a.)
V�zquez-Mel�ndez (2nd time)
(interim)
3 Apr 1764 - 14 Jun 1773 Jos� Joaqu�n de Nava y Cabezudo (b. c.1725 - d. 1784)
14 Jun 1773 - 1778 Juan Fern�ndez de Bobadilla y (d. 1781)
Gradi (1st time)
25 Jun 1778 - 23 Jul 1780 Jos� Peri� y Barros (1st time) (b. 1722 - d. 1789)
23 Jul 1780 - 28 Jan 1781 Juan Fern�ndez de Bobadilla y (s.a.)
Gradi (2nd time)(interim)
28 Jan 1781 - 1781 Francisco Carazo y Soto-Barahona (b. 1741 - d. 1794)
(acting)
11 Apr 1781 - 1785 Juan Flores y S�nchez (interim) (b. 1744 - d. 1793)
31 Jan 1785 - 7 Jan 1789 Jos� Peri� y Barros (2nd time) (s.a.)
7 Jan 1789 - 1789 Jos� Antonio de Oreamuno y Garc�a (b. 1734 - d. 1804)
de Estrada (acting)
1789 - 1790 Juan Esteban Gregorio Mart�nez de (b. 1747 - d. 18..)
Pinillos (interim)
7 Nov 1790 - 1796 Jos� V�zquez y T�llez (b. 1751 - d. 1834)
21 Apr 1796 - 3 Apr 1797 Juan Francisco de Bonilla y (b. 1745 - d. 1817)
Morales (acting)
3 Apr 1797 - 4 Dec 1810 Tom�s de Acosta y Hurtado de (b. 1747 - d. 1821)
Mendoza
4 Dec 1810 - 1819 Juan de Dios de Ayala y Gudi�o (b. 1759 - d. 1819)
(military governor from 3 Jul 1810)
1812 - 1814 Juan Bautista Gual y Curvelo (b. 1757 - d. 1816)
(jefe pol�tico superior)
1819 Ram�n Jim�nez y Robredo (acting) (b. 1779 - d. 1881)
10 Jun 1819 - 11 Oct 1821 Juan Manuel Ca�as de Trujillo y (b. 1763 - d. 1822?)
S�nchez de Madrid (interim)
Political Chief
11 Oct 1821 - 12 Nov 1821 Juan Manuel de Ca�as Trujillo y (s.a.)
S�nchez de Madrid
President of the Provisional Governing Junta
12 Nov 1821 - 1 Dec 1821 Jos� Nicol�s Carrillo y Aguirre (b. 1751 - d. 1845) Imp
President of the Superior Junta
1 Dec 1821 - 6 Jan 1822 Pedro Jos� de Alvarado y Baeza (b. 1767 - d. 1839) Imp
Presidents of the Superior Governing Junta
6 Jan 1822 - 13 Apr 1822 Rafael de la Trinidad Barroeta y (b. 1766 - d. 1826) Imp
Castilla
(president of the Electoral Junta to 12 Jan 1822)
13 Apr 1822 - 15 Jul 1822 Jos� Santiago de Bonilla y (b. 1756 - d. 1824) Lib
Laya-Bol�var
15 Jul 1822 - 17 Oct 1822 Jos� Mar�a de Peralta y de la (b. 1763 - d. 1826) Rep
Vega
17 Oct 1822 - 1 Jan 1823 Rafael Luis Jos� de Gallegos y (b. 1784 - d. 1850) Lib
Alvarado
1 Jan 1823 - 15 Mar 1823 Jos� Santos Lombardo y Alvarado (b. 1775 - d. 1831) Lib
President of Constituent Congress
3 Mar 1823 - 19 Mar 1823 Jos� Mar�a de Peralta y de la (s.a.) Rep
Vega
President of the Diputaci�n (Standing Commission)
20 Mar 1823 - 29 Mar 1823 Rafael Francisco Osejo (b. 1790 - d. 1848) Rep
General Commandants
29 Mar 1823 - 5 Apr 1823 Joaqu�n de Oreamuno y Mu�oz de (b. 1755 - d. 1827) Imp
la Trinidad (in Cartago)
2 Apr 1823 - 16 Apr 1823 Gregorio Jos� Ram�rez y Castro (b. 1796 - d. 1823) Rep
(in Alajuela and San Jos�)
President of Constituent Congress
16 Apr 1823 - 10 May 1823 Jos� Mar�a de Peralta y de la (s.a.) Rep
Vega
Presidents of the Governing Junta
10 May 1823 - 8 Jan 1824 Manuel de Jes�s Alvarado e Hidalgo (b. 1775 - d. 1836) Rep
(1st time)
8 Jan 1824 - 12 Feb 1824 Eusebio Rodr�guez Castro (b. 1778 - d. 1858) Rep
12 Feb 1824 - 8 Sep 1824 Manuel de Jes�s Alvarado e Hidalgo (s.a.) Rep
(2nd time)
Supreme Chiefs�
8 Sep 1824 - 9 Mar 1833 Juan Jos� Mora Fern�ndez (b. 1784 - d. 1854) Lib
9 Mar 1833 - 4 Mar 1835 Rafael Luis Jos� de Gallegos y (s.a.) Con
Alvarado
4 Mar 1835 - 18 Mar 1835 Juan Jos� de Lara y Arias de (b. 1790 - d. 1856)
Salamanca (provisional)
18 Mar 1835 - 5 May 1835 Manuel Jos� Fern�ndez Chac�n (b. 1786 - d. 1840) Lib
(acting)
5 May 1835 - 1 Mar 1837 Braulio Evaristo Carrillo Colina (b. 1800 - d. 1845) Lib
(1st time)
1 Mar 1837 - 17 Apr 1837 Jos� Joaqu�n Mora Fern�ndez (b. 1786 - d. 1840) Lib
(provisional)
17 Apr 1837 - 27 May 1838 Manuel de Jes�s Aguilar Chac�n (b. 1797 - d. 1846) Lib
27 May 1838 - 12 Apr 1842 Braulio Evaristo Carrillo Colina (s.a.) Lib
(2nd time)
12 Apr 1842 - 14 Sep 1842 Jos� Francisco Moraz�n Quezada (b. 1792 - d. 1842) Mil/Lib
(provisional to 15 Jul 1842)
11 Sep 1842 - 27 Sep 1842 Antonio Luis Pinto Su�rez (b. 1780 - d. 1865) Lib
(Supreme Commander of the United Pueblos)
27 Sep 1842 - 29 Nov 1844 Jos� Mar�a Alfaro Zamora (1st time)(b. 1799 - d. 1856) Lib
(provisional)
29 Nov 1844 - 7 Jun 1846 Francisco Mar�a Oreamuno Bonilla (b. 1801 - d. 1856) Lib
Dec 1844 - 30 Apr 1845 Jos� Rafael Moya Murillo (b. 1799 - d. 1864)
(acting for Oreamuno)
1 May 1845 - 7 Jun 1846 Rafael Luis Jos� de Gallegos y (s.a.) Lib
Alvarado (acting for Oreamuno)
7 Jun 1846 - 10 Feb 1847 Jos� Mar�a Alfaro Zamora (2nd time)(s.a.) Lib
(provisional)
Presidents
10 Feb 1847 - 8 May 1847 Jos� Mar�a Alfaro Zamora (s.a.) Lib
(provisional)
8 May 1847 - 16 Nov 1849 Jos� Mar�a Castro y Madriz (b. 1818 - d. 1892) Lib
(provisional to 31 Aug 1848)
(1st time)
16 Nov 1849 - 26 Nov 1849 Jos� Miguel Mora Porras (acting) (b. 1816 - d. 1887) Lib
26 Nov 1849 - 14 Aug 1859 Juan Rafael Mora Porras (b. 1814 - d. 1860) Lib
(acting to 30 Dec 1849)
14 Aug 1859 - 8 May 1863 Jos� Mar�a Montealegre Fern�ndez (b. 1815 - d. 1887) Lib
(acting to 29 Apr 1860)
8 May 1863 - 8 May 1866 Jes�s Mar�a Ciriaco Jim�nez Zamora (b. 1823 - d. 1897) Mil/Lib
(1st time)
8 May 1866 - 1 Nov 1868 Jos� Mar�a Castro y Madriz (s.a.) Lib
(2nd time)
1 Nov 1868 - 27 Apr 1870 Jes�s Mar�a Ciriaco Jim�nez Zamora (s.a.) Mil/Lib
(2nd time)(provisional to 8 May 1869)
27 Apr 1870 - 9 Aug 1870 Jos� Bruno Carranza Ram�rez (b. 1822 - d. 1891) Lib
(Provisional Chief)
10 Aug 1870 - 8 May 1876 Tom�s Miguel Guardia Guti�rrez (b. 1831 - d. 1882) Mil/Lib
(Provisional Chief to 8 May 1872)
(1st time)
8 May 1876 - 30 Jul 1876 Aniceto del Carmen Esquivel S�enz (b. 1824 - d. 1898) Lib
30 Jul 1876 - 23 Sep 1877 Vicente de las Mercedes Herrera (b. 1821 - d. 1888) Con
Zeled�n (acting)
23 Sep 1877 - 6 Jul 1882 Tom�s Miguel Guardia Guti�rrez (s.a.) Mil/Lib
(provisional to 8 May 1880)
(2nd time)
6 Jul 1882 - 20 Jul 1882 Francisco Cipriano Saturnino (b. 1826 - d. 1905) Lib
Lizano Guti�rrez (acting)
20 Jul 1882 - 12 Mar 1885 Juan Primitivo Pr�spero Fern�ndez (b. 1834 - d. 1885) Mil/Lib
Oreamuno (acting to 10 Aug 1882)
12 Mar 1885 - 8 May 1890 Ram�n Bernardo Soto Alfaro (b. 1854 - d. 1931) Lib
(acting to 8 May 1886)
7 Nov 1889 - 8 May 1890 Carlos Dur�n Cart�n (b. 1852 - d. 1924) PN
(acting for Soto)
8 May 1890 - 8 May 1894 Jos� Joaqu�n Rodr�guez Zeled�n (b. 1838 - d. 1917) PCon
8 May 1894 - 8 May 1902 Rafael Anselmo Jos� Iglesias (b. 1861 - d. 1924) Civ
Castro
8 May 1902 - 8 May 1906 Ascensi�n Esquivel Ibarra (b. 1848 - d. 1927) Civ
8 May 1906 - 8 May 1910 Cleto de Jes�s Gonz�lez V�quez (b. 1858 - d. 1937) UN
(1st time)
8 May 1910 - 8 May 1914 Romualdo Ricardo de Jes�s Jim�nez (b. 1869 - d. 1945) PRN
Oreamuno (1st time)
8 May 1914 - 27 Jan 1917 Alfredo Gonz�lez Flores (b. 1877 - d. 1962) PRN
27 Jan 1917 - 20 Aug 1919 Jos� Federico Alberto de Jes�s (b. 1868 - d. 1931) Mil + PP
Tinoco Granados
(Provisional Chief of Government to 11 Apr 1917)
12 Aug 1919 - 2 Sep 1919 Juan Bautista Quir�s Segura (b. 1853 - d. 1934) Mil + PP
(acting [for Tinoco to 20 Aug 1919])
2 Sep 1919 - 8 May 1920 Francisco Ram�n de Jes�s Aguilar (b. 1857 - d. 1924) UN
Barquero (provisional)
8 May 1920 - 8 May 1924 Rafael Julio del Rosario Acosta (b. 1876 - d. 1954) PCon
Garc�a
8 May 1924 - 8 May 1928 Romualdo Ricardo de Jes�s Jim�nez (s.a.) PRN
Oreamuno (2nd time)
8 May 1928 - 8 May 1932 Cleto de Jes�s Gonz�lez V�quez (s.a.) PUN
(2nd time)
8 May 1932 - 8 May 1936 Romualdo Ricardo de Jes�s Jim�nez (s.a.) PRN
Oreamuno (3rd time)
8 May 1936 - 8 May 1940 Le�n Luis Cort�s Castro (b. 1882 - d. 1946) PRN
8 May 1940 - 8 May 1944 Rafael �ngel del Socorro Calder�n (b. 1900 - d. 1970) PRN
Guardia
8 May 1944 - 8 May 1948 Teodoro Picado Michalski (b. 1900 - d. 1960) PRN
(on 'terminal' leave 20 Apr 1948, did not resign)
20 Apr 1948 - 8 May 1948 Santos Le�n Herrera (b. 1874 - d. 1950) PRN + BV
(acting for Michalski)
8 May 1948 - 8 Nov 1949 Jos� Mar�a Hip�lito Figueres (b. 1906 - d. 1990) Mil/PSD
Ferrer (1st time)
(president of Founding Junta of the Second Republic)
8 Nov 1949 - 8 Nov 1953 Luis Emilio Rafael de la Trinidad (b. 1891 - d. 1973) PUN
Otilio Gonz�lez Ulate y Blanco
8 Nov 1953 - 8 May 1958 Jos� Mar�a Hip�lito Figueres (s.a.) PLN
Ferrer (2nd time)
8 May 1958 - 8 May 1962 Mario Jos� Echandi Jim�nez (b. 1915 - d. 2011) PUN
8 May 1962 - 8 May 1966 Francisco Jos� Orlich Bolmarich (b. 1907 - d. 1969) PLN
8 May 1966 - 8 May 1970 Jos� Joaqu�n Antonio Trejos (b. 1916 - d. 2010) PUN
Fern�ndez
8 May 1970 - 8 May 1974 Jos� Mar�a Hip�lito Figueres (s.a.) PLN
Ferrer (3rd time)
8 May 1974 - 8 May 1978 Porfirio Ricardo Jos� Luis Daniel (b. 1921 - d. 1991) PLN
Oduber Quir�s
8 May 1978 - 8 May 1982 Rodrigo Jos� Ram�n Francisco de (b. 1926 - d. 2009) UN + UC
Jes�s Carazo Odio
8 May 1982 - 8 May 1986 Luis Alberto Monge �lvarez (b. 1925 - d. 2016) PLN
8 May 1986 - 8 May 1990 �scar Rafael de Jes�s Arias (b. 1941) PLN
S�nchez (1st time)
8 May 1990 - 8 May 1994 Rafael �ngel Calder�n Fournier (b. 1949) PUSC
8 May 1994 - 8 May 1998 Jos� Mar�a Figueres Olsen (b. 1954) PLN
8 May 1998 - 8 May 2002 Miguel �ngel Rodr�guez Echeverr�a (b. 1940) PUSC
8 May 2002 - 8 May 2006 Abel Pacheco de la Espriella (b. 1933) PUSC
8 May 2006 - 8 May 2010 �scar Rafael de Jes�s Arias (s.a.) PLN
S�nchez (2nd time)
8 May 2010 - 8 May 2014 Laura Chinchilla Miranda (f) (b. 1959) PLN
8 May 2014 - 8 May 2018 Luis Guillermo Sol�s Rivera (b. 1958) PAC
8 May 2018 - 8 May 2022 Carlos Andr�s Alvarado Quesada (b. 1980) PAC
8 May 2022 - Rodrigo Alberto de Jes�s Chaves (b. 1961) PPSD
Robles

�In some constitutional use the Supreme Chief (Jefe Supremo) was alternatively styled First Chief (Primer Jefe). This style became the only constitutional one from 27 May 1841 to 6 Jun 1842.

Territorial Dispute: Costa Rica and Nicaragua regularly file border dispute cases over the delimitations of the San Juan River and the northern tip of Calero Island to the International Court of Justice (ICJ); in 2009, the ICJ ruled that Costa Rican vessels carrying out police activities could not use the river, but official Costa Rican vessels providing essential services to riverside inhabitants and Costa Rican tourists could travel freely on the river; in 2011, the ICJ provisionally ruled that both countries must remove personnel from the disputed area; in 2013, the ICJ rejected Nicaragua's 2012 suit to halt Costa Rica's construction of a highway paralleling the river on the grounds of irreparable environmental damage; in 2013, the ICJ, regarding the disputed territory, ordered that Nicaragua should refrain from dredging or canal construction and refill and repair damage caused by trenches connecting the river to the Caribbean and upheld its 2010 ruling that Nicaragua must remove all personnel; in early 2014, Costa Rica brought Nicaragua to the ICJ over offshore oil concessions in the disputed region.

Party abbreviations: PAC = Partido Acci�n Ciudadana (Citizens' Action Party, social- democratic, center-left, est.Dec 2000); PLN = Partido Liberaci�n Nacional (National Liberation Party, social-democratic, est.12 Oct 1951); PPSD = Partido Progreso Social Democr�tico (Social Democratic Progress Party, centrist, liberal, social conservative, est.20 May 2018); PUSC = Partido de Unidad Social Cristiana (Christian Social Unity Party, christian-democratic, former UC, est.17 Dec 1983); Mil = Military;
- Former parties: BV = Bloque de la Victoria (Victory Bloc, coalition of PRN and Partidos Vanguardia Popular, christian socialist, Calderonismo, 1944-1948); Civ = Partido Civil (Civil Party, Rafael Yglesias Castro personalist, 1893-c.1915); Con = Conservative; PCon = Partido Constitucional (Constitutional Party, conservative, 1889-1915); Imp = Imperialista (Imperialist, favoring union with Mexico, 1821-1823); Lib = Liberal; PRN= Partido Republicano Nacional (National Republican Party, liberal, christian socialist, Calderonismo, 1901-1952); Civ = Partido Civil (Civil Party, liberal, Rafael Iglesias Castro personalist, 1893-1915); PD = Partido Dem�crata (Democratic Party, Cortesismo, 1952-1956, 1965-1984, 1997-2003); PN = Partido Nacional (National Party, 1905-1917, 1928-1940); PP = Partido Peliquista (Peliquista Party, Tinoco personalist, 1917-1919); PRD = Partido Renovaci�n Democr�tica (Democratic Renewal Party, democratic socialist, center-left, 1972-1984, merged into PUSC); PSD = Partido Social Dem�crata (Social Democratic Party, social-democratic, 1945-1951); **PUN = Partido Unificaci�n Nacional (Naional Unification Party, conservative, Calderonismo, 1966-1978); UC = Coalici�n Unidad (Unity Coalition; anti-PLN coalition of Uni�n Popular [Popular Union], UN, PRD, Partido Republicano [Republican Party], Partido Democr�tico Cristiana [Christian Democratic Party] and Partido Republicano Calderonista [Caldernonist Republican Party], 1976-1983);UN = Partido Uni�n Nacional (National Union Party, center-right, 1901-52, 1952-74, 1977-80, 1982-94, 2005-2010)

Talamanca

c.1862 - Jan 1910 Paramount chiefs of the Bribri Indian nation style themselves

"kings of Talamanca"; even as they recognized the government of

Costa Rica as their supreme ruler (1862 � 1886 they also served

as political chiefs of Talamanca canton).

Paramount chiefs (title_Bulu_)
c.1862 - 1871 Chirimo (d. 1871)
1871 - Jan 1872 Santiago Mayas (b. c.1834 - d. 1872)
1872 - 1874 Antonio Birche (d. af.1880)
Sep 1874 - 1880 Willie Forbes
May 1880 - 3 Jan 1910 Antonio Salda�a (b. c.1858 - d. 1910)

� Ben Cahoon