Mexico (original) (raw)

Mexico

| to 28 Sep 1821 | 16 Sep 1810 - Mar 1811 Hidalgo Revolt Banner | 19 Aug 1812 - 1815 Morelos Revolt Banner | | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | | 14 Jul 1815 - 1821 Revolt Flag | 14 Apr 1821 - 2 Nov 1821 Army of Three Guarantees Flag | 2 Nov 1821 - 14 Apr 1823 | | | 14 Apr 1823 - 1 Nov 1865, 1 Nov 1865 - 15 May 1867 (in rebellion), 15 May 1867 - 30 Dec 1880 | 1 Nov 1865 - 15 May 1867 | 30 Dec 1880 - 31 Dec 1898 | | | 1 Jan 1899 - 30 Sep 1916 | 1 Jan 1899 - 17 Sep 1968 Civil Ensign, 1 Nov 1865 - 15 Jul 1867 Civil Ensign | 1 Oct 1916 - 5 Feb 1934 | | | 5 Feb 1934 - 17 Sep 1968 | 5 Feb 1934 - 17 Sep 1968 | Adopted 17 Sep 1968 | |

New Spain

Captains General and Chief Justices of the Chapter(Capit�n General y Justicia Mayor Capitular)
13 Aug 1521 - 24 Dec 1521 Hern�n Cort�s de Monroy y Pizarro (b. 1485 - d. 1547)
Altamirano (1st time)
24 Dec 1521 - 30 Dec 1521 Crist�bal de Tapia (acting)
(royal governor)
30 Dec 1521 - 15 Oct 1522 Hern�n Cort�s de Monroy y Pizarro (s.a.)
Altamirano (2nd time)
Royal Governors and Captains General (Gobernador Real y Capit�n General)
15 Oct 1522 - 12 Oct 1524 Hern�n Cort�s de Monroy y Pizarro (s.a.)
Altamirano (2nd time)
12 Oct 1524 - 24 May 1525 Lieutenant Governors (acting)
- Alonso de Estrada (b. 1470 - d. 1530)
(to 29 Dec 1524, 17 Feb - 20 Apr 1525)
- Rodrigo de Albornoz
(to 29 Dec 1524, 17 Feb - 20 Apr 1525)
- Alonso de Zuazo (Suazo) (b. 1466 - d. 1539)
- Pedro Alm�ndez Chirino (Chirinos) (d. 1549)
(from 29 Dec 1524)
- Gonzalo de Salazar (b. 1492 - d. 1564)
(from 29 Dec 1524)
24 May 1525 - 28 Jan 1526 Gonzalo de Salazar (s.a.)
+ Pedro Alm�ndez Chirino (s.a.)
(acting)
29 Jan 1526 � 24 Jun 1526 Alonso de Estrada (1st time) (s.a.)
+ Rodrigo de Albornoz
(acting)
24 Jun 1526 - 3 Jul 1526 Hern�n Cort�s de Monroy y Pizarro (s.a.)
Altamirano (3rd time)
4 Jul 1526 - 16 Jul 1526 Luis Ponce de Le�n (acting) (b. c.1460 - d. 1526)
16 Jul 1526 - 1 Mar 1527 Marcos de Aguilar (acting) (b. c.1461 - d. 1527)
2 Mar 1527 � 22 Aug 1527 Alonso de Estrada (2nd time) (s.a.)
+ Gonzalo de Sandoval (b. 1497 - d. 1528)
+ Luis de la Torre (1st time)
(acting)
22 Aug 1527 - 8 Dec 1528 Alonso de Estrada (3rd time) (s.a.)
+ Luis de la Torre (2nd time)
(acting, de facto)
9 Dec 1528 - 21 Dec 1529 Nu�o Beltr�n de Guzm�n (b. 1490 - d. 1558)
(president of Real Audiencia de M�xico)
21 Dec 1529 - 23 Dec 1530 Juan Ortiz de Matienzo (acting) (b. c.1485 � d. c.1535)
(president of Real Audiencia de M�xico)
23 Dec 1530 - 14 Nov 1535 Sebasti�n Ram�rez de Fuenleal (b. c.1490 - d. 1547)
(president of Real Audiencia de M�xico)
Viceroys of New Spain (Virrey de la Nueva Espa�a)
14 Nov 1535 - 25 Nov 1550 Antonio de Mendoza y Pacheco (b. 1495 - d. 1552)
(appointed 17 Apr 1535)
25 Nov 1550 - 31 Jul 1564 Luis de Velasco y Ruiz de (b. 1511 - d. 1564)
Alarc�n
1 Aug 1564 - 19 Oct 1566 Francisco de Ceinos (Ceynos) Obreg�n (d. 1568/69)
y Guerra de la Vega (1st time)(president of Real Audiencia de M�xico)
19 Oct 1566 - 14 Apr 1567 Gast�n de Peralta y Bosquet, (b. 1510 - d. 1587)
marqu�s de Falces, conde de
Santisteban de Ler�n y bar�n de
Marcilla
11 Nov 1567 - 14 Apr 1568 Alonso de Mu�oz (b. c.1512 - d. 1568)
+ Luis Carrillo (to Apr 1568) (d. 1568)
(v isitadores; Royal Commissioners)
14 Apr 1568 - 4 Nov 1568 Francisco de Ceinos (Ceynos) Obreg�n (s.a.)
y Guerra de la Vega (2nd time)
(president of Real Audiencia de M�xico)
5 Nov 1568 - 4 Oct 1580 Mart�n Enr�quez de Almansa (b. 1508/11 - d. 1583)
y Ulloa
4 Oct 1580 - 29 Jun 1583 Lorenzo Su�rez de Mendoza Jim�nez, (b. 1518 - d. 1583)
conde de Coru�a
29 Jun 1583 - 24 Sep 1584 Luis de Villanueva y Zapata (b. c.1505 - d. 1584?)
(president of Real Audiencia de M�xico)
25 Sep 1584 - 17 Nov 1585 Pedro Moya de Contreras, (b. c.1527 - d. 1591)
arzobispo de M�xico
18 Nov 1585 - 25 Jan 1590 �lvaro Manrique de Z��iga, (b. 1532 - d. 1604)
marqu�s de Villamanrique
25 Jan 1590 - 5 Nov 1595 Luis de Velasco y Castilla, conde (b. 1534 - d. 1617)
de Santiago (1st time)
5 Nov 1595 - 26 Oct 1603 Gaspar de Z��iga Acevedo y Velasco, (b. 1560 - d. 1606)
conde de Monterrey
26 Oct 1603 - 2 Jul 1607 Juan Manuel de Mendoza y Luna, (b. 1571 - d. 1628)
marqu�s de Montesclaros
2 Jul 1607 - 17 Jun 1611 Luis de Velasco y Castilla, conde (s.a.)
de Santiago y (from 18 Jul 1609)
marqu�s de Salinas del R�o Pisuerga
(2nd time)
17 Jun 1611 - 22 Feb 1612 Fray Francisco Garc�a Guerra, (b. 1547 - d. 1612)
arzobispo de M�xico (interim)
22 Feb 1612 - 18 Oct 1612 Pedro Ot�lora (b. 1570 - d. 1624)
(president of Real Audiencia de M�xico)
18 Oct 1612 - 14 Mar 1621 Diego Fern�ndez de C�rdoba y Lopez (b. 1578 - d. 1630)
de las Roelas Benavides y Melgarejo,
marqu�s de Guadalc�zar
14 Mar 1621 - 21 Sep 1621 P�ez (Paz) de Vallecillo
(president of Real Audiencia)
21 Sep 1621 - 15 Jan 1624 Diego Carrillo de Mendoza y Pimentel, (b. c.1560 - d. 1636)
marqu�s de Gelves y conde de Priego
15 Jan 1624 - 3 Nov 1624 the_Real Audiencia de M�xico_ [president unknown]
3 Nov 1624 - 16 Sep 1635 Rodrigo Pacheco y Osorio, (b. 1580 - d. 1652)
marqu�s de Cerralbo
16 Sep 1635 - 28 Aug 1640 Lope D�ez de Aux y Armend�riz (b. c.1575 - d. 1644)
Saavedra, marqu�s de Cadereyta
28 Aug 1640 - 9 Jun 1642 Diego L�pez Pacheco Cabrera y (b. 1599 - d. 1653)
Bobadilla, marqu�s de Villena,
duque de Escalona
9 Jun 1642 - 23 Nov 1642 Juan de Palafox y Mendoza, (b. 1600 - d. 1659)
obispo de Puebla de los �ngeles
(interim)
23 Nov 1642 - 13 May 1648 Garc�a Sarmiento de Sotomayor (b. c.1590 - d. 1659)
Enr�quez y Luna, conde de
Salvatierra, marqu�s de Sobroso
13 May 1648 - 22 Apr 1649 Marcos de Torres y Rueda, (b. 1591 - d. 1649)
obispo de Yucat�n (interim)
22 Apr 1649 - 28 Jun 1650 Mat�as de Peralta Cabeza de Vaca (b. 1581 - d. 1655)
(president of Real Audiencia de M�xico)
28 Jun 1650 - 15 Aug 1653 Luis Enr�quez de Guzm�n y Coresma, (b. c.1600 - d. 1667)
marqu�s de Villaflor y
conde de Alba de Liste
15 Aug 1653 - 16 Sep 1660 Francisco Fern�ndez de la Cueva, (b. 1619 - d. 1676)
duque de Alburquerque
16 Sep 1660 - 29 Jun 1664 Juan Francisco Jacinto de la Cerda (b. 1604 - d. 1678)
de la Lama y de la Cueva Leyva
Arteaga y Gamboa, conde de Ba�os,
marqu�s de la Adrada
29 Jun 1664 - 15 Oct 1664 Diego Osorio de Escobar y Llamas, (b. 1608 - d. 1673)
obispo de Puebla de los �ngeles
(interim)
15 Oct 1664 - 20 Nov 1673 Antonio Sebasti�n �lvarez de Toledo (b. 1622 - d. 1715)
Molina y Salazar, marqu�s de Mancera
20 Nov 1673 - 13 Dec 1673 Pedro Nu�o Col�n de Portugal y (b. 1618 - d. 1673)
Castro, duque de Veragua y
de la Vega, marqu�s de Jamaica,
marqu�s de Villamizar y conde de
Gelves
13 Dec 1673 - 7 Nov 1680 Payo Enr�quez de Rivera Manrique, (b. 1622 - d. 1684)
arzobispo de M�xico
7 Nov 1680 - 16 Jun 1686 Tom�s Antonio Manuel Lorenzo de la (b. 1638 - d. 1692)
Cerda y Enr�quez de Ribera, conde
de Paredes y marqu�s de la Laguna
de Camero Viejo, conde de Paredes
de Nava
16 Jun 1686 - 20 Nov 1688 Melchor Portocarrero Lasso de la (b. 1636 - d. 1705)
Vega y Rojas, conde de la Monclova
20 Nov 1688 - 27 Feb 1696 Gaspar de la Cerda Sandoval Silva y (b. 1653 - d. 1697)
Mendoza, conde de Galve
27 Feb 1696 - 18 Dec 1696 Juan de Ortega Cano Monta��s y (b. 1627 - d. 1708)
Pati�o, obispo de Michoac�n
(1st time)(acting)
18 Dec 1696 - 4 Nov 1701 Jos� Sarmiento y Valladares, (b. 1643 - d. 1688)
conde de Moctezuma y de Tula
4 Nov 1701 - 27 Nov 1702 Juan de Ortega Cano Monta��s y (s.a.)
Pati�o, arzobispo de M�xico
(2nd time) (acting)
27 Nov 1702 - 13 Nov 1710 Francisco Fern�ndez de la Cueva (b. 1666 - d. 1733)
Enr�quez, duque de Alburquerque,
marqu�s de Cu�llar, conde de Ledesma
13 Nov 1710 - 16 Jul 1716 Fernando de Alencastre Noro�a y (b. 1662 - d. 1717)
Silva, marqu�s de Valdefuentes,
duque de Linares
16 Jul 1716 - 15 Oct 1722 Baltasar de Z��iga Guzm�n Sotomayor (b. 1658 - d. 1727)
y Mendoza, marqu�s de Valero,
duque de Ari�n
15 Oct 1722 - 17 Mar 1734 Juan de Acu�a, marqu�s de (b. 1657 - d. 1734)
Casafuerte
17 Mar 1734 - 17 Aug 1740 Juan Antonio de Vizarr�n y (b. 1682 - d. 1747)
Eguiarreta, arzobispo de M�xico
17 Aug 1740 - 23 Aug 1741 Pedro de Castro y Figueroa y Salazar, (b. 1678 - d. 1741)
marqu�s de Grac�a Real,
duque de la Conquista
23 Aug 1741 - 3 Nov 1742 Pedro Malo de Villavicencio (b. 1673 - d. 1744)
(president of Real Audiencia de M�xico)
3 Nov 1742 - 9 Jul 1746 Pedro Cebri�n y Agust�n, conde (b. 1687 - d. 1752)
de Fuenclara
9 Jul 1746 - 9 Nov 1755 Juan Francisco de G�emes y Horcasitas,(b. 1681 - d. 1766)
conde de Revilla Gigedo (Revillagigedo)
9 Nov 1755 - 5 Feb 1760 Agust�n de Ahumada y Villal�n, (b. 1700 - d. 1760)
marqu�s de las Amarillas
5 Feb 1760 - 28 Apr 1760 Francisco Antonio de Ech�varri (b. 1700 - d. 1774)
(president of Real Audiencia de M�xico)
28 Apr 1760 - 5 Oct 1760 Francisco Antonio Cagigal de la (b. 1691 - d. 1777)
Vega (interim)
6 Oct 1760 - 24 Aug 1766 Joaqu�n Juan de Montserrat y Cruillas,(b. 1700 - d. 1771)
marqu�s de Cruillas
24 Aug 1766 - 22 Sep 1771 Carlos Francisco de Croix, (b. 1703 - d. 1778)
marqu�s de Croix
22 Sep 1771 - 9 Apr 1779 Antonio Mar�a de Bucareli y Urs�a (b. 1717 - d. 1779)
Henestrosa y Lasso de la Vega
10 Apr 1779 - 22 Aug 1779 Francisco Rom� y Rosell (b. c.1727 - d. 1784)
(president of Real Audiencia de M�xico)
22 Aug 1779 - 28 Apr 1783 Mart�n de Mayorga y Ferrer (b. 1721 - d. 1783)
28 Apr 1783 - 20 Oct 1784 Mat�as de G�lvez Garc�a Madrid y (b. 1717 - d. 1784)
Gallardo
20 Oct 1784 - 17 Jun 1785 Vicente de Herrera y Rivero (b. 1743 - d. 1794)
(president of Real Audiencia de M�xico)
17 Jun 1785 - 30 Nov 1786 Bernardo Vicente Polinar de (b. 1746 - d. 1786)
G�lvez y Gallardo, conde de G�lvez
30 Nov 1786 - 8 May 1787 Eusebio Ventura Bele�a (b. 1736 - d. 1794)
(president of Real Audiencia de M�xico)
8 May 1787 - 16 Aug 1787 Alonso N��ez de Haro y Peralta, (b. 1729 - d. 1800)
arzobispo de M�xico (acting)
16 Aug 1787 - 16 Oct 1789 Manuel Antonio Fl�rez Maldonado (b. 1723 - d. 1799)
Mart�nez de Angulo y Bodqu�n
16 Oct 1789 - 11 Jul 1794 Juan Vicente de G�emes Pacheco de (b. 1738 - d. 1799)
Padilla y Horcasitas, conde
de Revilla Gigedo (Revillagigedo)
11 Jul 1794 - 31 May 1798 Miguel de la Gr�a Talamanca (b. c.1750 - d. 1812)
de Carini y Branciforte, marqu�s
de Branciforte
31 May 1798 - 30 Apr 1800 Miguel Jos� de Azanza Alegr�a, (b. 1746 - d. 1826)
duque de Santa Fe
30 Apr 1800 - 4 Jan 1803 F�lix Ignacio Juan Nicol�s Antonio (b. 1733 - d. 1826)
Jos� Joaqu�n Buenaventura Berenguer
de Marquina y FitzGerald
4 Jan 1803 - 15 Sep 1808 Jos� Joaqu�n Vicente de Iturrigaray (b. 1742 - d. 1815)
y Ar�stegui de Ga�nza y Larrea
15 Sep 1808 - 19 Jul 1809 Pedro de Garibay (b. 1729 - d. 1815)
19 Jul 1809 - 8 May 1810 Francisco Javier de Lizana y (b. 1749 - d. 1811)
Beaumont, arzobispo de M�xico
8 May 1810 - 14 Sep 1810 Pedro Catani (b. 1739 - d. c.1815)
(president of Real Audiencia de M�xico)
14 Sep 1810 - 30 Sep 1812 Francisco Javier Venegas de Saavedra (b. 1754 - d. 1838)
y Rodr�guez de Arenzana, marqu�s
de la Reuni�n de Nueva Espa�a
Superior Polical Chiefs (Jefes pol�ticos superiores de Nueva Espa�a)
30 Sep 1812 - 4 Mar 1813 Francisco Javier Venegas de Saavedra (s.a.)
y Rodr�guez de Arenzana, marqu�s
de la Reuni�n de Nueva Espa�a
4 Mar 1813 - 4 May 1814 F�lix Mar�a Calleja del Rey, (b. 1753 - d. 1828)
conde de Calder�n
Viceroys
4 May 1814 - 20 Sep 1816 F�lix Mar�a Calleja del Rey, (s.a.)
conde de Calder�n
20 Sep 1816 - 31 May 1820 Juan Ru�z de Apodaca y Eliza L�pez (b. 1754 - d. 1835)
de Letona y Lasquetty, conde de
Venadito
Superior Polical Chiefs 31 May 1820 - 5 Jul 1821 Juan Ru�z de Apodaca y Eliza L�pez (s.a.)
de Letona y Lasquetty, conde de
Venadito
5 Jul 1821 - 3 Aug 1821 Pedro Francisco Novella Azabal P�rez (b. 1769 - d. 1822)
y Sicardo (acting) 3 Aug 1821 - 27 Sep 1821 Juan Jos� Rafael Teodomiro de (s.a.)
O'Donoj� y O'Ryan
27 Sep 1821 - 21 Oct 1822 Vacant
21 Oct 1822 - 1 Oct 1823 Francisco Lemaur de la Muraire (b. 1769 - d. 1857)
(inteirm)

Mexico

Generalissimo of the North American Armies
16 Sep 1810 - 21 Mar 1811 Miguel Gregorio Antonio Hidalgo y (b. 1753 - d. 1811)
Costilla Gallaga Mandarte y
Villane�or
President of the Supreme Government Junta of America
21 Aug 1811 - 15 Sep 1813 Jos� Ignacio Antonio L�pez Ray�n (b. 1773 - d. 1832)
Generalissimo of the North American Armies
15 Sep 1813 - 14 Mar 1814 Jos� Mar�a Teclo Morelos y P�rez (b. 1765 - d. 1815)
Pav�n
President of the Supreme Mexican Congress
14 Mar 1814 - 24 Oct 1814 Jos� Mar�a Nestorio Liceaga y Reyna(b. 1780? - d. 1818)
Presidents of the Supreme Mexican Government
24 Oct 1814 - 24 Feb 1815 Jos� Mar�a Nestorio Liceaga y Reyna(s.a.)
24 Feb 1815 - 13 Nov 1815 Jos� Mar�a Teclo Morelos y P�rez (s.a.)
Pav�n
13 Nov 1815 - 15 Dec 1815 Ign�cio Alas (b. 1780 - d. 1843)
15 Dec 1815 - 1817 Executive Commission
- Jos� Manuel Rafael Sime�n de (b. 1789 - d. 1832)
Mier y Ter�n y Teruel
- Ign�cio Alas (s.a.)
- Antonio Cumplido (d. af.1823)
President of the Provisional Governing Junta
(pending the acceptance of the throne by Fernando VII)
24 Aug 1821 - 28 Sep 1821 Agust�n Cosme Dami�n de Iturbide (b. 1783 - d. 1824) Mil
y Ar�mburu
President of the Regency of the Empire (pending the acceptance of the throne by Fernando VII)
28 Sep 1821 - 19 May 1822 Agust�n Cosme Dami�n de Iturbide (s.a.) Mil
y Ar�mburu
Emperor�
19 May 1822 - 29 Mar 1823 Agust�n I (s.a.)
(= Agust�n Cosme Dami�n de Iturbide y Ar�mburu)
(takes oath of office 22 May 1822)
President of the Constituent Congress (de facto supreme executive power)
29 Mar 1823 - 2 Apr 1823 Jos� Mariano Mar�n (b. 1782 - d. 1863) Lib
Presidents of the Supreme Executive Power
2 Apr 1823 - 30 Apr 1823 Pedro Celestino Negrete Santesteban(b. 1777 - d. 1846) Lib
1 May 1823 - 31 May 1823 Jos� Mariano Buenaventura de (b. 1772 - d. 1852) Lib
Michelena y Gil de Miranda
(1st time)
1 Jun 1823 - 30 Jun 1823 Nicol�s Bravo Rueda (1st time) (b. 1786 - d. 1854) Lib
1 Jul 1823 - 31 Jul 1823 Jos� Mariano Buenaventura de (s.a.) Lib
Michelena y Gil de Miranda
(2nd time)
1 Aug 1823 - 31 Aug 1823 Miguel Ram�n Sebasti�n Dom�nguez (b. 1756 - d. 1830) Lib
de Alem�n (1st time)
(= Jos� Miguel Dom�nguez)
1 Sep 1823 - 30 Sep 1823 Vicente Ram�n Guerrero Salda�a (b. 1783 - d. 1831) Lib
(1st time)
1 Oct 1823 - 31 Oct 1823 Jos� Mariano Buenaventura de (s.a.) Lib
Michelena y Gil de Miranda
(3rd time)
1 Nov 1823 - 30 Nov 1823 Miguel Ram�n Sebasti�n Dom�nguez (s.a.) Lib
de Alem�n (2nd time)
1 Dec 1823 - 8 Dec 1823 Vicente Ram�n Guerrero Salda�a (s.a.) Lib
(2nd time)
8 Dec 1823 - 31 Dec 1823 Miguel Ram�n Sebasti�n Dom�nguez (s.a.) Lib
de Alem�n (3rd time)
1 Jan 1824 - 31 Jan 1824 Jos� Mariano Buenaventura de (s.a.) Lib
Michelena y Gil de Miranda
(4th time)
1 Feb 1824 - 29 Feb 1824 Miguel Ram�n Sebasti�n Dom�nguez (s.a.) Lib
de Alem�n (4th time)
1 Mar 1824 - 31 Mar 1824 Vicente Ram�n Guerrero Salda�a (s.a.) Lib
(3rd time)
1 Apr 1824 - 30 Apr 1824 Nicol�s Bravo Rueda (2nd time) (s.a.) Lib
1 May 1824 - 31 May 1824 Miguel Ram�n Sebasti�n Dom�nguez (s.a.) Lib
de Alem�n (5th time)
1 Jun 1824 - 30 Jun 1824 Vicente Ram�n Guerrero Salda�a (s.a.) Lib
(4th time)
1 Jul 1824 - 31 Jul 1824 Guadalupe Victoria (1st time) (b. 1786 - d. 1843) Lib
(= Jos� Miguel Ram�n Adaucto Fern�ndez y F�lix)
1 Aug 1824 - 31 Aug 1824 Nicol�s Bravo Rueda (3rd time) (s.a.) Lib
1 Sep 1824 - 30 Sep 1824 Miguel Ram�n Sebasti�n Dom�nguez (s.a.) Lib
de Alem�n (6th time)
1 Oct 1824 - 10 Oct 1824 Guadalupe Victoria (2nd time) (s.a.) Lib
Presidents
10 Oct 1824 - 1 Apr 1829 Guadalupe Victoria (s.a.) Lib
1 Apr 1829 - 4 Feb 1830 Vicente Ram�n Guerrero Salda�a (s.a.) Lib
(absent from 18 Dec 1829; deposed on 4 Feb 1830,
but continues in dissidence to 20 Jan 1831)
18 Dec 1829 - 23 Dec 1829 Jos� Maria Bocanegra y Villalpando (b. 1787 - d. 1862) Lib
(acting for absent Guerrero)
23 Dec 1829 - 1 Jan 1830 Provisional Supreme Executive Power
- Jos� Pedro V�lez de Z��iga (b. 1787 - d. 1848) Lib
- Lucas Ignacio de Paula Alam�n y (b. 1792 - d. 1853) Con
Escalada
- Jos� Luis Quintanar y Soto (b. 1772 - d. 1837) Mil
(acting for Guerrero)
1 Jan 1830 - 26 Dec 1832 Anastasio Bustamante y Oseguera (b. 1780 - d. 1853) Con
(1st time)(acting [ostensibly for Guerrero to 4 Feb 1830])
14 Aug 1832 - 27 Dec 1832 Melchor de Eca y M�zquiz (b. 1790 - d. 1844) Lib
(acting [for Bustamante to 26 Dec 1832])
26 Dec 1832 - 1 Apr 1833 Manuel G�mez Pedraza y Rodr�guez (b. 1789 - d. 1851) Lib
1 Apr 1833 - 1 Apr 1837 Antonio L�pez de Santa Anna y (b. 1794 - d. 1876) Lib
P�rez de Lebr�n (1st time)
(Texas prisoner 22 Apr - 26 Nov 1836, then
in the U.S. Nov 1836 - 31 Jan 1837)
1 Apr 1833 - 16 May 1833 Jos� Mar�a Valent�n G�mez de la (b. 1781 - d. 1858) Lib
Vara y Mart�nez Far�as (1st time)
(acting for Santa Anna)
28 Jan 1835 - 1 Mar 1836 Miguel Francisco Barrag�n Andrade (b. 1789 - d. 1836) Lib
(acting for Santa Anna)
27 Feb 1836 - 19 Apr 1837 Jos� JustoCorro Silva (interim) (b. 1794 - d. 1864) Con
(acting for Barrag�n to 1 Mar 1836,
then acting for Santa Anna to 1 Apr 1837)
19 Apr 1837 - 6 Oct 1841 Anastasio Bustamante y Oseguera (s.a.) Con
(2nd time)
18 Mar 1839 - 10 Jul 1839 Antonio L�pez de Santa Anna y (s.a.) Lib
P�rez de Lebr�n
(acting for Bustamante)
10 Jul 1839 � 17 Jul 1839 Nicol�s Bravo Rueda (s.a.) Lib
(acting for Bustamante)
23 Sep 1841 � 1 Oct 1841 Francisco Javier Echeverr�a (b. 1797 - d. 1852) Con
(acting for Bustamante)
6 Oct 1841 - 10 Oct 1841 Vacant
10 Oct 1841 - 1 Feb 1844 Antonio L�pez de Santa y P�rez (s.a.) Lib
de Lebr�n Anna (2nd time)
(provisional)
26 Oct 1842 - 3 Mar 1843 Nicol�s Bravo Rueda (s.a.) Lib
(acting for Santa Anna)
4 Oct 1843 - 4 Jun 1844 Jos� Valent�n Raimundo Canalizo (b. 1794 - d. 1850) Lib
Bocadillo (acting for Santa Anna
to 1 Feb 1844; then interim)
4 Jun 1844 - 21 May 1845 Antonio L�pez de Santa y P�rez (s.a.) Lib
de Lebr�n Anna (3rd time)
(captured by a belligerent force 15 Jan 1845)
12 Sep 1844 - 21 Sep 1844 Jos� Joaqu�n Antonio Florencio de (b. 1792 - d. 1854) Lib
Herrera y Ricardos
(acting for Santa Anna)
21 Sep 1844 - 7 Dec 1844 Jos� Valent�n Raimundo Canalizo (s.a.) Lib
Bocadillo (acting for Santa Anna)
15 Dec 1844 - 30 Dec 1845 Jos� Joaqu�n Antonio Florencio de (s.a.) Lib
Herrera y Ricardos (1st time)
(interim to 16 Sep 1845)
30 Dec 1845 - 4 Jan 1846 Vacant
2 Jan 1846 - 4 Aug 1846 Jos�Mariano Epifanio Paredes y (b. 1797 - d. 1849) Con
Arrillaga
(General-in-Chief to 4 Jan 1846, then interim)
5 Aug 1846 - 24 Dec 1846 Jos� Mariano de Salas Barbosa (b. 1797 - d. 1867) Con
(General-in-chef, exercising supreme executive power)
(1st time)
24 Dec 1846 - 16 Sep 1847 Antonio L�pez de Santa Anna y (s.a.) Lib
P�rez de Lebr�n (4th time)(interim)
24 Dec 1846 - 22 Mar 1847 Jos� Mar�a Valent�n G�mez de la (s.a.) Lib
Vara y Mart�nez Far�as (2nd time)
(acting for Santa Anna)
1 Apr 1847 - 19 May 1847 Pedro Mar�a Anaya y de �lvarez (b. 1794 - d. 1854) Lib
(acting for Santa Anna)
16 Sep 1847 - 22 Sep 1847 Vacant
22 Sep 1847 - 12 Nov 1847 Manuel Jos� de la Pe�a y Pe�a (b. 1789 - d. 1850) Lib
(1st time) (acting)
12 Nov 1847 - 8 Jan 1848 Pedro Mar�a Anaya y de �lvarez (s.a.) Lib
(interim)
8 Jan 1848 - 3 Jun 1848 Manuel Jos� de la Pe�a y Pe�a (s.a.) Lib
(2nd time)(acting to 15 May 1848, then interim)
3 Jun 1848 - 15 Jan 1851 Jos� Joaqu�n Antonio Florencio de (s.a.) Lib
Herrera y Ricardos (2nd time)
15 Jan 1851 - 6 Jan 1853 Jos�Mariano Garc�a de Arista y (b. 1802 - d. 1855) Lib
Nuez
6 Jan 1853 - 7 Feb 1853 Juan Bautista Ceballos G�mez (b. 1811 - d. 1859) Lib
Sa�udo (provisional to 6 Jan 1853, then interim)
7 Feb 1853 - 20 Apr 1853 Manuel Apolinario Jos� Mar�a (b. 1802 - d. 1853) Con
Ignacio Lombardini de la Torre
(acting)(repository of the Supreme Executive Power)
20 Apr 1853 - 12 Aug 1855 Antonio L�pez de Santa Anna y (s.a.) Con
P�rez de Lebr�n (5th time)
12 Aug 1855 - 15 Aug 1855 Vacant
13 Aug 1855 - 15 Aug 1855 R�mulo D�az de la Vega (1st time) (b. 1804 - d. 1877) Mil/Con
(Division General-in-Chief of the Forces of District of Mexico)
15 Aug 1855 - 12 Sep 1855 Mart�n Carrera Sabat (interim) (b. 1806 - d. 1871) Con
12 Sep 1855 - 4 Oct 1855 R�mulo D�az de la Vega (2nd time) (s.a.) Mil/Con
(governor of District of Mexico and Commander-in-Chief)
4 Oct 1855 - 30 Nov 1857 Juan �lvarez Hurtado (interim) (b. 1790 - d. 1867) Mil/Lib
(in dissidence as general-in-chief of the
Army Restorer of Liberty 14 Mar - 4 Oct 1855)
11 Dec 1855 - 21 Jan 1858 Jos�Ignacio Gregorio Comonfort de (b. 1812 - d. 1863) Lib
los R�os (acting for �lvarez to 1 Dec
1857; provisional from 19 Dec 1857)
19 Jan 1858 - 15 Jun 1861 Benito Pablo Ju�rez Garc�a (b. 1806 - d. 1872) Lib
(in opposition [interim to 15 Jun 1861];
in Mexico City 11 Jan 1861 - 31 May 1863;
in dissidence from 31 May 1863)
21 Jan 1858 - 23 Dec 1858 F�lix Mar�a Zuloaga Trillo (b. 1813 - d. 1898) Mil/Con
(= Jos� F�lix de la Sant�sima Trinidad Zuloaga Trillo)
(1st time)(General-in-chief to 24 Jan 1858; then interim)
23 Dec 1858 - 2 Jan 1859 Vacant
2 Jan 1859 - 22 Jan 1859 Jos� Manuel Susano de la Luz (b. 1817 - d. 1862) Con
Robles Pezuela (acting)
(in charge of Public Power)
22 Jan 1859 - 23 Jan 1859 Jos� Mariano de Salas Barbosa (s.a.) Con
(2nd time) (acting)
24 Jan 1859 - 2 Feb 1859 F�lix Mar�a Zuloaga Trillo (s.a.) Con
(2nd time) (interim)
2 Feb 1859 - 13 Aug 1860 Miguel Gregorio de la Luz (b. 1831 - d. 1867) Con
Aten�genes Miram�n y Tarelo
(1st time) (interim)
13 Aug 1860 - 15 Aug 1860 Jos� Ignacio Pav�n (acting) (b. 1791 - d. 1866) Con
(= Jos� Ignacio Mar�a del Coraz�n de Jes�s de Santa Clara
Francisco Javier Juan Nepomuceno Antonio de Padua Pav�n Jim�nez
(depository of the Executive Power)
15 Aug 1860 - 24 Dec 1860 Miguel Gregorio de la Luz (s.a.) Con
Aten�genes Miram�n y Tarelo
(2nd time) (interim)
28 Dec 1860 - 23 Mar 1862 F�lix Mar�a Zuloaga Trillo (s.a.) Con
(3rd time) (interim)
21 Apr 1862 - 12 Jan 1863 Juan Nepomuceno Almonte (b. 1803 - d. 1869) Con
(interim Supreme Chief of the Mexican Nation)
(not recognized by the French "intervention" forces)
22 Jun 1863 - 24 Jun 1863 Teodosio Lares (b. 1806 - d. 1870) Con
(President of the Superior Governing Junta)
25 Jun 1863 - 19 May 1864 Supreme Provisional Executive Power
(from 11 Jul 1863, Regency of the Empire)
- Juan Nepomuceno Almonte (s.a.) Con
- Juan Bautista Pascual Jos� de (b. 1812 - d. 1884) Con
Ormaechea y Ernaiz, obispo de
Tulancingo (to 18 Oct 1863)
- Jos� Mariano de Salas Barbosa (s.a.) Con - Jos� Antonio Pelagio de la (b. 1816 - d. 1891) Con
Sant�sima Trinidad de Labastida
y D�valos, arzobispo de M�xico
(18 Oct - 17 Nov 1863)
**Lieutenant of the Empire
19 May 1864 - 29 May 1864 Juan Nepomuceno Almonte (s.a.) Con
Emperor�
29 May 1864 - 15 May 1867 Maximiliano I (b. 1832 - d. 1867)
(= Fernando Maximiliano Jos� de Austria y Baviera)
(accepted the crown 10 Apr 1864, lands at Veracuz on 29 May 1864)
Lieutenant of the Empire
15 May 1867 - 21 Jun 1867 Leonardo Te�filo Guadalupe Ignacio (b. 1820 - d. 1913) Con
del Coraz�n de Jes�s M�rquez Araujo
Presidents
15 Jun 1861 - 18 Jul 1872 Benito Pablo Ju�rez Garc�a (s.a.) Lib
(in opposition from 21 Jan 1858)
19 Jul 1872 - 28 Nov 1876 Sebasti�n Marcos Francisco de (b. 1825 - d. 1889) Lib
Paula Lerdo de Tejada y Corral
(interim to 30 Nov 1872; continues in dissidence to 25 Jan 1877)
28 Oct 1876 - 17 Jan 1877 Jos� Mar�a Iglesias Inz�urraga (b. 1823 - d. 1891) Lib
(= Jos� Antonio de Jes�s Tel�sforo Iglesias Inz�urraga)
(interim, in dissidence)
28 Nov 1876 - 30 Nov 1880 Jos� de la Cruz Porfirio D�az (b. 1830 - d. 1915) Mil;1877 Lib
Mori (1st time)(general-in-chief of
Constitutionalist Army in charge of
the executive power to 5 May 1877,
then interim president)
(de facto ruler to 1 Dec 1884)
6 Dec 1876 - 15 Feb 1877 Juan Nepomuceno M�ndez (b. 1820 - d. 1894) Lib
(acting for D�az)
1 Dec 1880 - 30 Nov 1884 Manuel del Refugio Gonz�lez Flores (b. 1833 - d. 1893) Lib
1 Dec 1884 - 25 May 1911 Jos� de la Cruz Porfirio D�az (s.a.) PNP
Mori (2nd time)
5 Oct 1910 - 21 May 1911 Francisco Ignacio Madero Gonz�lez (b. 1873 - d. 1913) PCP
(provisional, in dissidence)
25 May 1911 - 6 Nov 1911 Francisco Le�n de la Barra y (b. 1863 - d. 1939) Non-party
Quijano (interim)
6 Nov 1911 - 19 Feb 1913 Francisco Ignacio Madero Gonz�lez (s.a.) PCP
6 Nov 1911 - 19 Feb 1913 Pascual Orozco V�zquez (b. 1882 - d. 1915) PNA
(pretender in opposition; in Chihuahua)
15 Feb 1913 (hours) Emilio V�zquez G�mez (b. 1858 - d. 1926) PNA
(pretender, in opposition)
18 Feb 1913 - 19 Feb 1913 Jos� Victoriano Huerta M�rquez (b. 1850 - d. 1916) Mil
(in charge of the executive power, in dissidence)
19 Feb 1913 (minutes) Pedro Jos� Domingo de la Calzada (b. 1858 - d. 1952) Non-party
Manuel Mar�a Lascur�in Paredes
(interim)
19 Feb 1913 - 15 Jul 1914 Jos� Victoriano Huerta M�rquez (s.a.) Mil
(interim)
19 Feb 1913 - 15 Jul 1914 Jos� Venustiano Carranza Garza (b. 1859 - d. 1920) PNA
(pretender, in opposition; in Coahuila and Sonora)
19 Jun 1914 - 10 Apr 1919 Emiliano Zapata Salazar (b. 1879 - d. 1919) Conv
(commander of Liberation Army of
the South; in rebellion, in Morelos)
15 Jul 1914 - 13 Aug 1914 Francisco Sebasti�n Carvajal y (b. 1870 - d. 1932) Non-party
Gual (interim)
20 Aug 1914 - 31 Oct 1914 Jos� Venustiano Carranza Garza (s.a.) PNA
(1st time)(first chief of Constitutionalist
Army in charge of the executive power;
continues in dissidence to 1 May 1917)
30 Sep 1914 - 29 Jul 1920 Francisco "Pancho" Villa (b. 1878 - d. 1923) Conv
(commander of Division of the North;
in rebellion, in Chihuahua)
31 Oct 1914 - 6 Nov 1914 Antonio Irineo Villarreal Gonz�lez (b. 1879 - d. 1944) PL
(president of Sovereign Revolutionary Convention)
6 Nov 1914 - 16 Jan 1915 Eulalio Mart�n Guti�rrez Ortiz (b. 1881 - d. 1939) Conv
(provisional; continues in dissidence to 2 Jun 1915)
16 Jan 1915 - 10 Jun 1915 Roque Victoriano Gonz�lez de la (b. 1885 - d. 1962) Conv
Garza (acting) (loyal to Zapata)
10 Jun 1915 - 10 Oct 1915 Francisco Jer�nimo de Jes�s Lagos (b. 1878 - d. 1932) Conv
Ch�zaro Mortero (acting)
(in charge of the Executive Power of the Nation)
10 Oct 1915 - 21 May 1920 Jos� Venustiano Carranza de la (s.a.) Conv;1917 PLC
Garza (2nd time)(first chief of Constitutionalist
Army in charge of the executive power;
in dissidence until 1 May 1917)
23 Apr 1920 - 30 Nov 1920 Felipe Adolfo de la Huerta Marcor (b. 1881 - d. 1955) PLC
(interim supreme chief of Constitutionalist Liberal
Army to 1 Jun 1920, then substitute president)
1 Dec 1920 - 30 Nov 1924 �lvaro Obreg�n Salido (b. 1880 - d. 1928) PLM
1 Dec 1924 - 30 Nov 1928 Plutarco El�as Calles (b. 1877 - d. 1945) PLM
(from 1928, self-styled Jefe M�ximo de la Revoluci�n [Maximum Chief of the Revolution])
1 Dec 1928 - 5 Feb 1930 Emilio C�ndido Portes Gil (b. 1890 - d. 1978) PNR
(provisional)
5 Feb 1930 - 4 Sep 1932 Pascual Ortiz Rubio (b. 1877 - d. 1963) PNR
4 Sep 1932 - 30 Nov 1934 Abelardo Luj�n Rodr�guez (b. 1889 - d. 1967) PNR
(substitute)
1 Dec 1934 - 30 Nov 1940 L�zaro C�rdenas del R�o (b. 1895 - d. 1970) PNR;1938 PRM
1 Dec 1940 - 30 Nov 1946 Manuel �vila Camacho (b. 1897 - d. 1955) PRM;1946 PRI
1 Dec 1946 - 30 Nov 1952 Miguel Alem�n V�ldes (b. 1900 - d. 1983) PRI
1 Dec 1952 - 30 Nov 1958 Adolfo Tom�s Ruiz Cortines (b. 1889 - d. 1973) PRI
1 Dec 1958 - 30 Nov 1964 Adolfo L�pez Mateos (b. 1910 - d. 1969) PRI
1 Dec 1964 - 30 Nov 1970 Gustavo D�az Ordaz Bola�os Cacho (b. 1911 - d. 1979) PRI
1 Dec 1970 - 30 Nov 1976 Luis Echeverr�a �lvarez (b. 1922 - d. 2022) PRI
1 Dec 1976 - 30 Nov 1982 Jos� Guillermo Abel L�pez Portillo (b. 1920 - d. 2004) PRI
y Pacheco
1 Dec 1982 - 30 Nov 1988 Miguel de la Madrid Hurtado (b. 1934 - d. 2012) PRI
1 Dec 1988 - 30 Nov 1994 Carlos Salinas de Gortari (b. 1948) PRI
1 Dec 1994 - 30 Nov 2000 Ernesto Zedillo Ponce de Le�n (b. 1951) PRI
1 Dec 2000 - 30 Nov 2006 Vicente Fox Quesada (b. 1942) PAN
1 Dec 2006 - 30 Nov 2012 Felipe de Jes�s Calder�n Hinojosa (b. 1962) PAN
1 Dec 2012 - 30 Nov 2018 Enrique Pe�a Nieto (b. 1966) PRI
1 Dec 2018 - 30 Sep 2024 Andr�s Manuel L�pez Obrador (b. 1953) MORENA
1 Oct 2024 - Claudia Sheinbaum Pardo (f) (b. 1962) MORENA

Chairmen of the Council of Ministers
13 Jun 1864 - 6 Oct 1866 Jos� Mar�a de la Asunci�n Juan (b. 1809 - d. 1869) Con
Nepomuceno de Lacunza y Blengua
6 Oct 1866 - 19 Mar 1867 Teodosio Lares (s.a.) Con
19 Mar 1867 - 15 May 1867 Jos�Santiago Vidaurri Vald�z (b. 1808 - d. 1867) Con
15 May 1867 Post abolished

Commanding generals of the French Expeditionary Corps
5 Mar 1862 - 24 Sep 1862 Charles Ferdinand Latrille, (b. 1814 - d. 1892)
comte de Lorencez
24 Sep 1862 - 5 Sep 1863 Eli� Fr�d�ric Forey (b. 1804 - d. 1872)
5 Sep 1863 - 12 Mar 1867 Fran�ois Achille Bazaine (b. 1811 - d. 1888)

U.S. Commanding generals in Mexico City
14 Sep 1847 - 18 Feb 1848 Winfield Scott (b. 1786 - d. 1866)
18 Feb 1848 - 16 Mar 1848 William Orlando Butler (b. 1791 - d. 1880)
16 Mar 1848 - 12 Jun 1848 Stephen Watts Kearny (b. 1794 - d. 1848)

�Full style of the rulers:
(a) 19 May 1822 - 29 Mar 1823: por la Divina Providencia y por el Congreso de la Naci�n, primer Emperador constitucional de M�xico ("by the Divine Providence and by the Congress of the Nation, first constitutional Emperor of Mexico");
(b) 10 Apr 1864 - 15 May 1867: Emperador de M�xico ("Emperor of Mexico"), long form: por la gracia del Dios y la Voluntad de la Gente, Emperador de M�xico ("by the grace of God and the Will of the People, Emperor of Mexico").

Territorial Disputes: Aabundant rainfall in recent years along much of the Mexico-U.S. border region has ameliorated periodically strained water-sharing arrangements; the U.S. has intensified security measures to monitor and control legal and illegal personnel, transport, and commodities across its border with Mexico; Mexico must deal with thousands of impoverished Guatemalans and other Central Americans who cross the porous border looking for work in Mexico and the U.S.; Belize and Mexico are working to solve minor border demarcation discrepancies arising from inaccuracies in the 1898 border treaty.

Party abbreviations: MORENA = Movimiento Regeneraci�n Nacional (National Regeneration Movement, center-left, reformist, populist, social democratic, Cardenism, est.10 Jul 2014); PAN = Partido Acci�n Nacional (National Action Party, conservative, christian democratic, est.16 Sep 1939); PRI = Partido Revolucionario Institucional (Institutional Revolutionary Party, centerist, socialist, constitutionalist, 1929-1989 state party, 4 Mar 1929-30 Mar 1938 Partido Nacional Revolucionario [National Revolutionary Party][PNR]; 30 Mar 1938-18 Jan 1946 Partido de la Revoluci�n Mexicana [Party of the Mexican Revolution][PRM], est.4 Mar 1929); Mil = Military;
- Former parties: Con = Partido Conservador (Conservative Party, conservative, Catholic, Criollism and monarchist 1849-67, Lib opposition, 1822-1867); Conv = Convencionistas (Conventionists, Villistas and Zapatistas supporters of Convention of Aguascalientes, incl. Carranza, 1914-1915);Lib = Partido Liberal (Liberal Party or Progressive Party [Partido del Progreso], liberal, republican, secular, 1822-1884, succeeded by PNP); PCP = Partido Constitucionalista Progresista (Progressive ConstitutionalistParty, liberal, Maderismo, pro-Madero, then Carranza, 1910-1929, merged into PNR); PL = Partido Liberal Mexicano (Mexican Liberal Party, liberal, agrarian, Magonism, anti-Porfiriato, 1905-1918); PLC = Partido Liberal Constitucionalista (Constitutionalist Liberal Party, social democatic, 1916-1924); PLM = Partido Laborista Mexicano (Mexican Labour Party, social democratic, 1919-1940); PNA = Partido Nacional Antirreeleccionista (National Anti-Reelection Party, democratic, constitutionalist, anti-Porfirio D�az, 22 May 1909-1929);PNP = Partido Nacional Porfirista (PorfiristNational Party, authoritarian, Porfiriato, pro-Porfirio Diaz, 1884-1 Jan 1935)

Chiapas

31 Jul 1823 - 14 Sep 1824

1529 - 1821 Part of the colonial Kingdom of Guatemala (see provinces

of New Spain).

20 Sep 1786 Intendencia de Ciudad Real de Chiapas.

1 Sep 1821 Chiapas declares its acceptance of Mexico's Plan de Iguala,

expecting Guatemala to follow.

3 Sep 1821 Chiapas declares its independence from Spain (Provincia de

Ciudad Real de Chiapas).

26 Sep 1821 Chiapas, confronted with the declaration of independence of

the Kingdom of Guatemala on 15 Sep 1821, protests its inclusion

in the text of that declaration and the fact that it does not

adhere to Mexico.

16 Jan 1822 The Regency of the Mexican Empire decrees the incorporation of

Chiapas.

8 Jun 1823 Chiapas establishes a Provisional Supreme Government Junta.

1 Jul 1823 The declaration of independence of the United Provinces of Central

America omits Chiapas and does not include it in the list of

Provinces invited to re-join.

30 Jul 1823 The United Provinces of Central America recognize the Chiapas

Provisional Supreme Government Junta and declare the right of

Chiapas to decide its future freely.

31 Jul 1823 The "absolute" independence of Chiapas declared.

5 Sep 1823 General Fil�sola (who governed Central America originally on

behalf of Mexico, but later served to facilitate the transition

to independence) dissolves the Junta and re-installs the Imperial

Diputaci�n Provincial.

24 Oct 1823 Leaders of the Plan de Chiapas Libre proclaim the right of Chiapas
Province to chose between Mexico or Central America.

26 Oct 1823 Revolts in various parts of the Province demand independence by
the Plan de Chiapa Libre.

31 Oct 1823 The Junta is re-installed.

26 May 1824 Mexico's Constituent Congress declares that Chiapas is free to

choose its future.

24 Jul 1824 The district of Soconusco declares its will to be incorporated

into Guatemala. It is eventually successful, but remains a source

of discord between Guatemala and Mexico throughout the 19th

century.

14 Sep 1824 Following a referendum on either joining Federal Republic of

Central America or Mexico, the government junta proclaims the

definitive incorporation of Chiapas into Mexico.

Intendant and **Political Chief
Sep 1821 - 31 Jan 1822 Juan Nepomuceno Batres N�jera
Political Chiefs 31 Jan 1822 - 1822 Manuel Jos� de Rojas (1st time)
22 Aug 1822 - 1822 Tiburcio Farrera Farrera
1822 - 27 Sep 1823 Luis Antonio Garc�a (1st time)
27 Sep 1823 - 29 Oct 1823 Manuel Jos� de Rojas (2nd time)
30 Oct 1823 - 2 Dec 1823 Luis Antonio Garc�a (2nd time)
2 Dec 1823 - 16 Feb 1824 Manuel Zebad�a
(de facto from Jan 1824)
16 Feb 1824 - 5 Dec 1824 Gregorio Suasn�var
Presidents of the Provisional Government Junta (in opposition)
31 May 1823 � 20 Jun 1823 Fernando Luis Corona
20 Jun 1823 - 1823 Francisco Guill�n
President of the Provincial Junta
1823 - 5 Sep 1823 Jos� Diego Lara
Mexican Army Commanders
31 Aug 1823 � 5 Sep 1823 Vicente Fil�sola (b. 1789 - d. 1850)
6 Sep 1823 - 4 Nov 1823 Felipe Codallos N��ez (b. 1790 - d. 18..)
**Presidents of the Provisional Supreme Junta 17 Aug 1823 - 2 Dec 1823 Mat�as Ruiz (in opposition)
(head of ayuntamiento in Comit�n)
5 Sep 1823 - 29 Oct 1823 Junta abolished
29 Oct 1823 - 1823 Luis Antonio Garc�a
c.9 Dec 1823-c.9 Jan 1824 Carlos Casta��n
16 Feb 1824 - 1824 Manuel Ignacio Escarra (1st time)
c.24 Mar1824-c.24 Apr1824 Jos� Sim��n Moguel
c.24 Apr1824-c.25 Aug1824 Manuel Ignacio Escarra (2nd time)
c.12 Sep 1824-c.14 Sep1824 Manuel de Jes�s Robles

Republic of the Rio Grande

17 Jan 1840 - 6 Nov 1840	Alternate Version

17 Jan 1840 Federalist leaders in states of Coahuila, Nuevo Le�n, and
Tamaulipas declare independence from the centralist
government of Mexico as the Republic of the Rio Grande
(Rep�blica del R�o Grande).
6 Nov 1840 Leaders surrender to the Mexican army.

P resident of the Republic of the Rio Grande
17 Jan 1840 - 6 Nov 1840 Jes�s de C�rdenas Duarte

Yucat�n

20 Oct 1841 - 15 Dec 1843,

1 Jan 1846 - 17 Aug 1848

15 Sep 1821 Captaincy-general of Yucat�n declares independence from Spain.
2 Nov 1821 Incorporation into Mexican Empire (see Mexican states).
16 Mar 1841 Independence rebellion begins.
1 Oct 1841 Republic of Yucat�n (Rep�blica de Yucat�n).
20 Oct 1841 Yucat�n declares independence from Mexico.
15 Dec 1843 Re-incorporated into Mexico.
1 Jan 1846 Independence declared.
23 Feb 1847 Re-incorporation into Mexico declared at M�rida; Campeche proclaims
itself the "State of Yucat�n" and subsequently occupies entire
peninsula.
17 Aug 1848 Re-incorporated into Mexico.

**Superior Political Chief
1 Jan 1821 - 12 Nov 1821 Juan Mar�a de Ech�verri y Chac�n (b. 1764 - d. 1823)
Governors
22 Aug 1840 - 11 Jun 1841 Santigao M�ndez Ibarra (1st time) (b. 1789 - d. 1872)
11 Jun 1841 - 13 Oct 1841 Miguel Barbachano Terrazo (b. 1806 - d. 1859)
(1st time)
13 Oct 1841 - 18 Aug 1842 Santigao M�ndez Ibarra (2nd time) (s.a.)
18 Aug 1842 - 14 Nov 1843 Miguel Barbachano Terrazo (b. 1806 - d. 1859)
(2nd time)
14 Nov 1843 - 15 May 1844 Santiago M�ndez Ibarra (3rd time) (s.a.)
15 May 1844 - 2 Jun 1844 Miguel Barbachano Terrazo (s.a.)
(3rd time)
2 Jun 1844 - 1 Jan 1846 Jos� Tiburcio L�pez Constante (b. c.1790 - d. 1858)
(4th time)
1 Jan 1846 - 23 Jan 1847 Miguel Barbachano Terrazo (s.a.)
(4th time)
23 Jan 1847 - 3 Oct 1847 Domingo Barret (provisional)
3 Oct 1847 - 26 Mar 1848 Santiago M�ndez Ibarra (4th time) (s.a.)
26 Mar 1848 - 13 Feb 1853 Miguel Barbachano Terrazo (s.a.)
(5th time)

� Ben Cahoon