Paraguay (original) (raw)

Paraguay

to 14 May 1811	15 May 1811 - 17 Jun 1811 (provisional)	17 Jun 1811 - 15 Aug 1812 (provisional)
15 Aug 1812 - 27 Nov 1842	1826 - 27 Nov 1842 Co-Flag	27 Nov 1842 - 1990
27 Nov 1842 - 1990 Reverse	1990 - 15 Jul 2013	1990 - 15 Jul 2013 Reverse
Adopted 15 Jul 2013	From 15 Jul 2013 Reverse

Map of Paraguay	Hear National Anthem "Paraguayos, R�publica o Muerte!" (Paraguayans, The Republic or Death!) Adopted 1846, (lyrics from May 1934)	Former National Anthem "Tet� Purah�i" or "Himno de la Independencia" (1831-1846)	Constitution (20 Jun 1992)
Capital: Asunci�n (Piribebuy 1 Jan 1869 - 12 Aug 1869)	Currency: Guarani (PYG); 1903-1943 Paraguay Peso (PYP); 1871-1923 Paraguay Peso Fuerte (PYF); 1813-1870 Paraguay National Peso (PYN)	National Holiday: 14 May (1811) D�a de la Independencia Nacional (National Independence Day)	Population: 7,025,763 (2018)
GDP: 88.91billion(2017)∣∗∗Exports∗∗:88.91 billion (2017)	Exports: 88.91billion(2017)∣∗∗Exports∗∗:11.73 billion (2017) Imports: $11.35 billion (2017)	Ethnic groups: mestizo (mixed white and Amerindian) 85.6%, white 9.3% (of which German 4.4%, Latin American 3.4%), Amerindian 1.8%, black 1%, other 2.3% (2000)
Total Active Armed Forces: 10,650 (2010) Merchant marine: 80 ships (2018)	Religions: Roman Catholic 89.6%, Protestant 6.2%, other Christian 1.1%, other or unspecified 1.9%, none 1.1% (2002)
International Organizations/Treaties: APM, BTWC, CAN (associate), CCM, CD, CELAC, CPLP (associate observer), CTBT, CWC, ESCR, FAO, G-11, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, ICSID, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, IRENA, ISA, ISO (correspondent), ITSO, ITU, ITUC, LAES, LAIA, LAP, LU, Mercosur, MIGA, NAM (observer), NPT, NTBT (signatory), OAS, OPANAL, OPCW, OST, PA (observer), PCA, PROSUR, SEGIB, UN, UNCLOS, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNFCC, UNFCC-KP, UNFCC-PA, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO

Paraguay Index	Chronology 1516 Discovered by Spanish explorer Juan D�az de Sol�s. 1524 Explored by Spanish explorer Aleja Garcia. 21 May 1534 Paraguay (Guair�) part of Spanish colony of Peru. 15 Aug 1537 Asunci�n founded. 1604 - 1768 Jesuit Order administers a Province for the reduction of the Indians. 16 Dec 1617 Province of Paraguay; subordinated to Audiencia of Charcas [Upper Peru] see Bolivia; (1661-1667 subordinated to Buneos Aires). Jan 1731 - Jul 1733_Revoluci�n de los Comuneros_ uprising in Asunci�n. 1756 Guarani Indian rebellion. 8 Aug 1776 Part of Viceroyalty of R�o de la Plata (see Argentina). 14 Apr 1783 Intendancy of Asunci�n del Paraguay (within R�o de la Plata). 14/15 May 1811 Insurrection against royal governor (de facto independence). 12 Oct 1811 - Dec 1811 Treaty of confederation with Buenos Aires. 12 Oct 1813 Republic of Paraguay 25 Nov 1842 Paraguayan Congress formally declared an Act of Independence. 1 Jan 1869 - 22 Jun 1876 Occupied by Argentina and Brazil. 8 Apr 1882 Spain recognizes the independence of Paraguay. 10 Jun 1935 Paraguay controls most of Chaco region by ceasefire 21 Jul 1938 Paraguay awarded three-quarters of the Chaco Boreal (approved by referendum 15 Aug 1938).
Jesuit Paraguay Province (1604-1768)

Governors
21 May 1534 - 1537 Pedro de Mendoza -Adelantado (b. c.1499 - d. 1537)
23 Jun 1537 - 1538 Juan de Ayolas (interim) (b. 1493? - d. 1538)
23 Jun 1539 - 11 Mar 1542 Domingo Mart�nez de Irala (b. 1509 - d. 1556)
(1st time)
11 Mar 1542 - 26 Apr 1544 Alvar N��ez Cabeza de Vaca (b. c.1488 - d. 1559)
26 Apr 1544 - 1556 Domingo Mart�nez de Irala (s.a.)
(2nd time)
3 Oct 1556 - 21 Jul 1558 Gonzalo de Mendoza (b. c.1510 - d. 1558)
22 Jul 1558 - 19 Oct 1564 Francisco Ortiz de Vergara (b. 1524 - d. 1574)
19 Oct 1564 - 11 Dec 1568 Juan Ortiz de Z�rate (1st time) (b. c.1515 - d. 1576)
(acting)
11 Dec 1568 - 14 Jul 1572 Felipe de C�ceres (interim) (b. c.1515 - d. 1595)
14 Jul 1572 - 29 Nov 1574 Mart�n Su�rez de Toledo (interim) (b. 1520 - d. 1584)
29 Nov 1575 - 26 Jan 1576 Juan Ortiz de Z�rate (2nd time) (s.a.)
(acting)
29 Jan 1576 - 3 May 1577 Diego Ortiz de Z�rate y Mendieta (b. 1556 - d. 1577)
(acting)
1577 - 20 Mar 1583 Juan de Garay (b. 1528 - d. 1583)
1583 - Jun 1587 Juan de Torres Navarrete (interim) (b. 1555 - d. 1611)
2 Apr 1588 - 13 Jul 1592 Juan de Torres de Vera y Arag�n (b. 1527 - d. 1613)
13 Jul 1592 - 8 Jul 1599 Hernando Arias de Saavedra (b. 1564 - d. 1634)
(Hernandarias)(1st time)
8 Jul 1599 - 20 Dec 1600 Diego Rodr�guez Valdez y de la (b. c.1550 - d. 1600)
Banda
1600 - 1602 Franc�s de Beaumont y Navarra (b. c.1645 - d. c.1620)
(interim to 1601)
1 Aug 1602 - 1609 Hernando Arias de Saavedra (s.a.)
(Hernandarias) (2nd time)
22 Dec 1609 - 26 Jul 1613 Diego Mar�n de Negr�n (b. c.1569 - d. 1613)
27 Jul 1613 - 26 Dec 1613 Francisco Gonz�lez de Santacruz (b. 1560 - d. 1638)
(interim)
27 Dec 1613 - 8 Jan 1615 Mateo Leal de Ayala (b. 1579 - d. 1627)
3 May 1615 - 17 May 1618 Hernando Arias de Saavedra (s.a.)
(Hernandarias) (3rd time)
18 May 1618 - 21 Oct 1621 Pedro Hurtado de Mendoza (interim) (b. 1567 - d. 1648)
21 Oct 1621 - 1627 Manuel de Fr�as (b. c.1568 - d. 1627)
1628 - 1631 Luis de C�spedes Garc�a Xer�a
1631 - 1633 Cabildo de Asunci�n
1633 - 1636 Mart�n de Ledesma Valderrama (b. c.1575 - d. 1650)
1636 - 1641Pedro de Lugo y Navarra (d. 1642)
1641 - 27 Jun 1641 Juan de Velasco Villasanti
27 Jun 1641 - 2 Feb 1647 Gregorio de Hinestrosa (b. 1610 - d. 1647)
2 Feb 1647 - 26 Feb 1649 Diego de Enobre Osorio (d. 1649)
4 Mar 1649 - 1 Oct 1649 Fray Bernardino de C�rdenas y (b. 1562 - d. 1668)
Ponce (acting)
1 Oct 1649 - 10 Oct 1650 Seb�stian de Le�n y Z�rate (b. 1606 - d. 1672)
10 Oct 1650 - 26 Jul 1653 Antonio de Le�n Garabito e (b. 1600 - d. 1675)
Illescas
26 Jul 1653 - 25 Aug 1656 Crist�bal de Garay y Saavedra (b. 1600 - d. 1673)
21 Sep 1656 - 24 Sep 1659 Juan Antonio Bl�zquez de (b. 1603 - d. c.1666)
Valverde y N��ez de Prado
24 Sep 1659 - 25 Aug 1662 Alonso Sarmiento de Sotomayor (d. 1687)
y Figueroa
25 Aug 1662 - 13 Apr 1671 Juan D�ez de Andino (1st time) (d. 1684)
13 Apr 1671 - 1 Jul 1675 Felipe Rege Corval�n (1st time)
1675 - 1676 Cabildo de Asunci�n 19 Oct 1676 - 7 Oct 1681 Felipe Rege Corval�n (2nd time)
7 Oct 1681 - Aug 1684 Juan D�az de Andino (2nd time) (s.a.)
18 Oct 1684 - 29 Oct 1684 Antonio de Vera M�jica (b. 1620 - d. 1684)
30 Oct 1684 - 1685 Alonso Fern�ndez Marcial
30 Oct 1685 - 1 Aug 1691 Francisco de Monforte (b. c.1642 - d. 1691)
22 Oct 1692 - 4 Dec 1696 Sebasti�n F�lix de Mendiola (b. 16.. - d. 1706)
(1st time)
4 Dec 1696 - 27 Jun 1702 Juan Rodr�guez Cota
27 Jun 1702 - 26 Sep 1705 Antonio de Escobar y Guti�rrez (b. 16.. - d. 1706)
26 Sep 1705 - 9 Feb 1706 Sebasti�n F�lix de Mendiola (s.a.)
(2nd time)
9 Feb 1706 - 10 Oct 1707 Baltazar Garc�a Ros (b. c.1670 - d. 1740)
10 Oct 1707 - 1712 Manuel de Robles Lorenzana (d. 1724)
5 Jun 1713 - 23 Jan 1717 Juan Gregorio Baz�n de (b. 1664 - d. 1717)
Pedrazza Tejeda
23 Jan 1717 - 5 Feb 1717 Andr�s Ort�z de Ocampo
5 Feb 1717 - 14 Sep 1721 Diego de los Reyes y Balmaceda (b. 1690 � d. 1733)
(1st time)
14 Sep 1721 - 6 Jun 1722 Jos� de Antequera y Castro (b. 1689 - d. 1731)
(1st time)(acting)
1722 Diego de los Reyes y Balmaceda (s.a.)
(2nd time)
1722 - 5 Mar 1725 Jos� de Antequera y Castro (s.a.)
(2nd time)
29 Apr 1725 - 4 May 1725 Bruno Mauricio de Zabala (b. 1682 - d. 1736)
(1st time)
4 May 1725 - 28 Dec 1730 Mart�n de Bar�a (b. 16.. - d. 1739)
27 Jan 1731 - 28 Jan 1731 Ignacio de Soroeta
Jan 1731 - 1731 Commune ( comuneros )
+ Mat�as de Sald�var
+ Francisco de Rosa
+ Jos� Luis Barreiro
+ Pedro Bogar�n
(in rebellion)
1731 Alonso Reyes (in rebellion)
Presidents of the Governing Junta (later General Junta)
1731 Jos� Luis Barreiro
1731 - 1732 Miguel de Garay
1732 - Jul 1733 Antonio Ru�z de Arellano
Governors
27 Jul 1733 - 14 Sep 1733 Manuel Agust�n de Ruiloba y (d. 1733)
Calder�n
27 Sep 1733 - 9 Dec 1733 Fray Juuan de Arregui y Guti�rrez (b. 1656 - d. 1736)
obispo de Buenos Aires
9 Dec 1733 - 30 Mar 1735 Crist�bal Dom�nguez de Ovelar
30 Mar 1735 - Jan 1736 Bruno Mauricio de Zabala (s.a.)
(2nd time)
1736 - 1741 Mart�n Jos� de J�uregui (b. 1690 - d. 1749)
7 Nov 1740 - 10 Aug 1747 Rafael de la Moneda
10 Aug 1741 - 10 Nov 1749 Marcos Jos� de Larr�zabal (b. 1710 - d. 1790)
10 Nov 1749 - 2 Apr 1761 Jaime Sansust
1756 (Nicol�s) Nanguiru "Nicholas I" (d. 1756)
(in rebellion; chief of the Guarani self-styled
"king of Paraguay, emperor of the Mamelucos")
2 Apr 1761 - 30 Nov 1764 Jos� Mart�nez Fontes (b. 1729 - d. 1764)
30 Nov 1764 - 29 Sep 1766 Fulgencio de Yegros y Ledesma (b. 1705 - d. 1772)
29 Sep 1766 - 23 Aug 1772 Carlos Morphy (d. 1774)
23 Aug 1772 - 1 Feb 1778 Agust�n Fernando de Pinedo y (b. c.1720 - d. 1780)
Fern�ndez de Valdivieso
1 Feb 1778 - 14 Apr 1783 Pedro Jos� Ant�nio Melo de (b. 1733 - d. 1797)
Portugal y de la Rocha Calderon
Military and Political Governors and Intendants of the Province of Paraguay and the Thirty Pueblos of the Guaran� Missions
14 Apr 1783 - 21 Aug 1787 Pedro Jos� Ant�nio Melo de (s.a.)
Portugal y de la Rocha Calderon21 Aug 1787 - 7 Apr 1796 Joaqu�n Al�s y Br� (b. 1746 - d. 1827)
7 Apr 1796 - 5 May 1806 L�zaro de Ribera y Espinoza de (b. 1756 - d. 1824)
los Monteros
5 May 1806 - 13 Mar 1807 Bernardo Luis de Velasco y (b. 1742 - d. c.1821)
Huidobro (1st time)
13 Mar 1807 - 19 Oct 1808 Manuel Guti�rrez Varona (interim)
19 Oct 1809 - 19 Jun 1809 Eustaquio Giannini Bentallol (b. 1750 - d. 1814)
(interim)
19 Jun 1809 - 9 Jun 1811 Bernardo Luis de Velasco y (s.a.)
Huidobro (2nd time)
16 May 1811 - 20 Jun 1811 Government
- Bernardo Luis de Velasco y (s.a.)
Huidobro (to 9 Jun 1811)
- Jos� Gaspar Rodr�guez de Francia (b. 1766 - d. 1840)
y Velasco
- Juan Valeriano de Zeballos (b. 1766 - d. c.1822)
President of the Superior Governing Junta 20 Jun 1811 - 12 Oct 1813 Superior Governing Junta
- Fulgencio Yegros y Franco de (b. 1780 - d. 1821)
Torres (president)
- Jos� Gaspar Rodr�guez de Francia (s.a.)
y Velasco
- Francisco Javier Bogar�n (b. 1763 - d. 1830)
Villamayor (to 2 Sep 1811)
- Pedro Juan Caballero Garc�a (b. 1785 - d. 1820)
- Fernando de la Mora y del Cazal (b. 1785 - d. 1835)
(to 18 Sep 1813)
**Consuls of the Republic
(consuls alternated in power every 4 months in post of "consul in turn")
12 Oct 1813 - 4 Oct 1814 Jos� Gaspar Rodr�guez de Francia (s.a.)
y Velasco
12 Oct 1813 - 4 Oct 1814 Fulgencio Yegros y Franco de (s.a.)
Torres
Supreme Dictator (from 1 Jun 1816, Perpetual Supreme Dictator)
4 Oct 1814 - 20 Sep 1840 Jos� Gaspar Rodr�guez de Francia (s.a.)
y Velasco
President of the Provisional Government Junta
20 Sep 1840 - 22 Jan 1841 Manuel Antonio Ort�z
(sworn in 25 Sep 1840)
President of the Provisional Junta
22 Jan 1841 - 9 Feb 1841 Juan Jos� Medina
Commandant-General of the Army
9 Feb 1841 - 14 Mar 1841 Mariano Roque Alonzo Romero (b. 1792 - d. 1853)
Supreme Government of the Republic (Consuls of the Republic)
14 Mar 1841 - 13 Mar 1844 Carlos Antonio L�pez Ynsfr�n (b. 1792 - d. 1862)
+ Mariano Roque Alonzo Romero (s.a.)
(ruling jointly, but occasionally styled
First Consul, Second Consul respectively)
Presidents
14 Mar 1844 - 10 Sep 1862 Carlos Antonio L�pez Ynsfr�n (s.a.)
10 Sep 1862 - 15 Aug 1869 Francisco Solano L�pez Carrillo (b. 1827 - d. 1870)
(acting to 16 Oct 1862; continues
after deposition to 1 Mar 1870)
15 Aug 1869 - 31 Aug 1870 Provisional Government ( Triumvirate )
- Cirilo Antonio Rivarola Acosta (b. 1836 - d. 1879)
- Carlos L�izaga Macha�n (b. 1806 - d. ....)
- Jos� Ponciano D�az de Bedoya (b. 1831 - d. 1880)
y Quin de Valdovinos (to ...1870)
31 Aug 1870 - 1 Sep 1870 Jos� Facundo Macha�n Recalde (b. 1847 - d. 1877)
(provisional)
1 Sep 1870 - 18 Dec 1871 Cirilo Antonio Rivarola Acosta (s.a.)
(provisional to 25 Nov 1870)
18 Dec 1871 - 25 Nov 1874 Salvador Silvestre del Rosario (b. 1833 - d. 1874)
Jovellanos Guanes (acting)
25 Nov 1874 - 12 Apr 1877 Juan Bautista Gill y Garc�a del (b. 1840 - d. 1877)
Barrio
12 Apr 1877 - 25 Nov 1878 Jos� Higinio Uriarte y Garc�a del (b. 1843 - d. 1909)
Barrio (acting)
25 Nov 1878 - 4 Sep 1880 C�ndido Pastor Bareiro Caballero (b. 1833 - d. 1880)
4 Sep 1880 (hours) Adolfo Saguier Viana (acting) (b. 1832 - d. 1902)
(prevented from taking office)
4 Sep 1880 - 25 Nov 1886 Bernardino Caballero de A�asco y (b. 1839 - d. 1912) PC
Melgarejo (provisional to 25 Nov 1882)
25 Nov 1886 - 25 Nov 1890 Patricio Alejandrino Escobar (b. 1843 - d. 1912) PC
C�ceres
25 Nov 1890 - 9 Jun 1894 Juan Gualberto Gonz�lez (b. 1851 - d. 1912) PC
9 Jun 1894 - 25 Nov 1894 Marcos Antonio Mor�nigo Fleitas (b. 1848 - d. 1901) PC
(acting)
25 Nov 1894 - 25 Nov 1898 Juan Bautista Luis Egusquiza Isasi (b. 1845 - d. 1902) PC
25 Nov 1898 - 9 Jan 1902 Emilio Aceval Mar�n (b. 1853 - d. 1931) PC
9 Jan 1902 - 25 Nov 1902 Andr�s H�ctor Carvallo Acosta (b. 1848 - d. 1901) PC
(acting)
25 Nov 1902 - 19 Dec 1904 Juan Antonio Escurra (b. 1859 - d. 1929) PC
19 Dec 1904 - 9 Dec 1905 Juan Bautista Gaona Figueredo (b. 1845 - d. 1932) PL
(provisional)
9 Dec 1905 - 25 Nov 1906 Cecilio B�ez Gonz�lez (provisional)(b. 1862 - d. 1941) PL
25 Nov 1906 - 4 Jul 1908 Benigno Asunci�n Ferreira (b. 1846 - d. 1920) PL
4 Jul 1908 - 25 Nov 1910 Emiliano Gonz�lez Navero (1st time)(b. 1861 - d. 1934) PL
(acting)
25 Nov 1910 - 18 Jan 1911 Manuel Gondra Pereira (1st time) (b. 1871 - d. 1927) PL
18 Jan 1911 - 5 Jul 1911 Albino Jara Benegas (provisional) (b. 1877 - d. 1912) PL
5 Jul 1911 - 29 Feb 1912 Liberato Marcial Rojas Cabral (b. 1870 - d. 1922) PL
(provisional)
14 Jan 1912 � 17 Jan 1912 Triumvirate (in dissidence)
- Jos� Alfredo Aponte Silveros (b. 1874 - d. 1924) - Mario Usher Genes (b. 1884 - d. 1931)
- Marcos Honorio Caballero Codas (b. 1878 - d. 1960)
29 Feb 1912 - 22 Mar 1912 Pedro Pablo Pe�a Ca�ete (b. 1864 - d. 1943) PL
(provisional)
22 Mar 1912 - 15 Aug 1912 Emiliano Gonz�lez Navero (2nd time)(s.a.) PL
(provisional)
15 Aug 1912 - 15 Aug 1916 Eduardo Schaerer Vera y Arag�n (b. 1873 - d. 1941) PL
15 Aug 1916 - 5 Jun 1919 Manuel Franco (b. 1871 - d. 1919) PL
6 Jun 1919 - 15 Aug 1920 Jos� Pedro Montero Candia (b. 1878 - d. 1927) PL
15 Aug 1920 - 7 Nov 1921 Manuel Gondra Pereira (2nd time) (s.a.) PL
7 Nov 1921 - 11 Apr 1923 Eusebio Ayala (1st time) (b. 1875 - d. 1942) PL
(provisional)
11 Apr 1923 - 17 Mar 1924 Jos� Eligio Ayala (1st time) (b. 1879 - d. 1930) PL
(provisional)
17 Mar 1924 - 15 Aug 1924 Luis Alberto Riart Vera y Arag�n (b. 1880 - d. 1953) PL
(provisional)
15 Aug 1924 - 15 Aug 1928 Jos� Eligio Ayala (2nd time) (s.a.) PL
15 Aug 1928 - 15 Aug 1932 Jos� Patricio Guggiari Corniglione (b. 1884 - d. 1957) PL
15 Aug 1932 - 17 Feb 1936 Eusebio Ayala (2nd time) (s.a.) PL
17 Feb 1936 - 20 Feb 1936 Federico Wenman Smith Rojas (b. 1902 - d. 1985) Mil
(commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces of the Nation)
20 Feb 1936 - 15 Aug 1937 Rafael de la Cruz Franco Ojeda (b. 1896 - d. 1973) Mil + UNR
(provisional)
16 Aug 1937 - 15 Aug 1939 F�lix Paiva (b. 1877 - d. 1965) PL
(provisional to 12 Oct 1938)
15 Aug 1939 - 7 Sep 1940 Jos� F�lix Estigarribia Insaurralde(b. 1888 - d. 1940) PL
7 Sep 1940 - 8 Sep 1940 Alejandro Mar�n Iglesias (acting) (b. 1907 - d. 1988) PL
(president of the council of ministers)
8 Sep 1940 - 3 Jun 1948 Higinio Mor�nigo Mart�nez (b. 1897 - d. 1983) Mil
(provisional to 16 Oct 1940)
3 Jun 1948 - 15 Aug 1948 Juan Manuel Frutos Escurra (b. 1879 - d. 1960) Non-party
(provisional)
15 Aug 1948 - 30 Jan 1949 Juan Natalicio Gonz�lez Paredes (b. 1897 - d. 1966) ANR-PC
30 Jan 1949 - 26 Feb 1949 Raimundo Rol�n Villasanti (b. 1903 - d. 1981) Mil/ANR-PC
(provisional)
27 Feb 1949 - 11 Sep 1949 Felipe Benigno Molas L�pez (b. 1901 - d. 1954) ANR-PC
(provisional to 14 May 1949)
11 Sep 1949 - 8 May 1954 Federico Chaves Careaga (b. 1882 - d. 1978) ANR-PC
(provisional to 15 Aug 1953)
6 May 1954 - 15 Aug 1954 Tom�s Romero Pereira (b. 1886 - d. 1982) ANR-PC
(President of the Government Junta in
rebellion to 8 May 1954; then provisional)
15 Aug 1954 - 3 Feb 1989 Alfredo Stroessner Matiauda (b. 1912 - d. 2006) Mil/ANR-PC
3 Feb 1989 - 15 Aug 1993 Andr�s Rodr�guez Pedotti (b. 1923 - d. 1997) Mil/ANR-PC
(provisional to 15 May 1989)
15 Aug 1993 - 15 Aug 1998 Juan Carlos Mar�a Wasmosy Monti (b. 1938) ANR-PC
15 Aug 1998 - 28 Mar 1999 Ra�l Alberto Cubas Grau (b. 1943) ANR-PC
28 Mar 1999 - 15 Aug 2003 Luis �ngel Gonz�lez Macchi (b. 1947) ANR-PC
15 Aug 2003 - 15 Aug 2008 �scar Nicanor Duarte Frutos (b. 1956) ANR-PC
15 Aug 2008 - 22 Jun 2012 Fernando Armindo Lugo M�ndez (b. 1951) PDC
22 Jun 2012 - 15 Aug 2013 Luis Federico Franco G�mez (b. 1962) PRLA
15 Aug 2013 - 15 Aug 2018 Horacio Manuel Cartes Jara (b. 1956) ANR-PC
15 Aug 2018 - 15 Aug 2023 Mario Abdo Ben�tez (b. 1971) ANR-PC
15 Aug 2023 - Santiago Pe�a Palacios (b. 1978) ANR-PC

Brazilian Military Occupation Commanders
19 Jan 1869 - 15 Apr 1869 Guilherme Xavier de Sousa (b. 1818 - d. 1870)
16 Apr 1869 - Apr 1870 Lu�s Felipe Maria Fernando Gast�o (b. 1842 - d. 1922)
de Orleans, conde d'Eu
May 1870 - May 1875 Jos� Antonio da Silva Guimar�es, (b. 1819 - d. 1880)
bar�o de Jaguar�o
10 May 1875 - 22 Jun 1876 Frederico Augusto de Mesquita, (b. 1822 - d. 1884)
bar�o de Cacequi

Territorial Disputes: Unruly region at convergence of Argentina-Brazil-Paraguay borders is
locus of money laundering, smuggling, arms and illegal narcotics trafficking, and fundraising for extremist organizations.

Party abbreviations: ANR-PC = Asociaci�n Nacional Republicana-Partido Colorado (Republican National Alliance-Colorado Party, conservative, nationalist, 1947-1962 only legal party, est.1887); APC = Alianza Patri�tica por el Cambio (Patriotic Alliance for Change, center-left coalition, est.2008); PDC = Partido Dem�crata Cristiano (Christian Democratic Party, christian democratic, center-right, est.15 May 1960); PLRA = Partido Liberal Radical Aut�ntico (Authentic Radical Liberal Party, liberal, former PL, est.1978); Mil = Military;
- Former parties: PC = Partido Colorado (Colorado Party, nationalist, conservative, est.1887, renamed ARN-PC); PL = Partido Liberal (Liberal Party, radical liberal, named Centro Democr�tico to 1890, 1887-1946); UNR = Uni�n Nacional Revolucionaria (National Revolutionary Union, socialist, 1936-1937)

Jesuit Province of Paraguay

1604 Loyola's Society of Jesus ('Jesuits') granted territorial
privileges for Indian reductions of eastern Paraguay, area
known as Provincia Jesu�tica del Paraguay.
1756 - 1757 Guarani Indian rebellion.
27 Feb 1767 Jesuits are expelled, the former province is divided between
Spain (R�o de la Plata/Paraguay)and Portugal (Brazil)
(effected 23 Aug 1768).

Provincials of the Province of Paraguay of the Company of Jesus
1604/07 - 1615 Diego de Torres Bollo (b. 1550 - d. 1638)
1615 - 1623 Pedro Escobar de O�ate (b. 1567 - d. 1646)
1624 - 1629 Nicol�s Dur�n Mastrilli (b. 1570 - d. 1653)
1629 - 1633 Francisco V�squez Trujillo (b. 1571 - d. 1652)
1634 - 1641 Diego de Boroa (Beroa) (b. 1585 - d. 1657)
1641 - 1645 Francisco Lupercio de Zurbano (b. 1590 - d. 1667)
1645 - 1651 Juan Bautista Ferrufino (b. 1581 - d. 1655)
1651 - 1654 Juan Pastor (b. 1580 - d. 1658)
1655 - 1658 Francisco V�squez de la Mota
1658 - 1664 Sim�n de Ojeda (b. 1589 - d. 1673)
1664 - 1666 Francisco Jimenez
1666 - 1669 Andr�s de Rada (b. 1601 - d. 1672)
1669 - 1672 Agust�n de Arag�n (b. 1609 - d. 1678)
1672 - 1677 Crist�bal de G�mez (b. 1610 - d. 1680)
1677 - 1681 Diego Francisco de Altamirano (b. 1625 - d. 1715)
1681 - 1684 Tom�s de Baeza
1684 - 1689 Tom�s Dombidas
1689 - 1692 Gregorio Orozco
1692 - 1695 Lauro Nu�ez (1st time) (b. 1632 - d. 1719)
1695 - 1698 Simon de L�on
1698 - 1702 Ignacio de Frias
1702 - 1706 Lauro Nu�ez (2nd time) (s.a.)
1706 - 1709 Blas de Silva
1709 - 1713 Antonio Garriga (b. 1662 - d. 1733)
1713 - 1717 Luis de la Roca (1st time)
1717 - 1719 Juan Bautista de Zea (b. 1654 - d. 1719)
1719 - 1722 Jos� de Aguirre
1722 - 1726 Luis de la Roca (2nd time)
1726 - 1729 Ignacio de Arteaga
1729 - 1733 Jer�nimo Herr�n (b. 1671 - d. 1743)
1733 - 1739 Diego de Aguilar
1739 - 1743 Antonio Machoni (b. 1671 - d. 1753)
1743 - 1747 Bernardo Nusdorfer (b. 1686 - d. 1762)
1747 - 1751 Manuel Querini (b. 1694 - d. 1776)
1751 - 1757 Jos� Barreda (b. 1687 - d. 1763)
1751 - 1761 Alonso Fern�ndez
1761 - 1766 Pedro Juan Andreu (b. 1697 - d. 1777)
1766 - 1768 Manuel Vergara (b. 1711 - d. 1770)

� Ben Cahoon