ORFEUS (original) (raw)

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ORFEUS

American ultraviolet astronomy satellite. ORFEUS was a German astronomical satellite. It was deployed by the shuttle remote manipulating system arm and retrieved after six days of free flight.

AKA: Orbiting and Retrievable Far and Extreme UV Spectrometer. Status: Operational 1996. First Launch: 1996-11-19. Last Launch: 1996-11-19. Number: 1 .

The main instrument was a 1 meter telescope with extreme ultraviolet (400-1150 Angstroms) and far ultraviolet (900-1250 Angstrom) spectrometers of high spectral resolution. Also carried was the Princeton Interstellar Medium Absorption Profile Spectrograph which studied the fine structure of ultraviolet absorption lines in stellar spectra caused by interstellar gas. The ORFEUS program was managed by the German space agency and the Shuttle Pallet Satellite (SPAS) spacecraft bus was made by Messerschmitt-Bolkow-Blohm.

NASA NSSDC Master Catalog Description

The purpose of the ORFEUS-SPAS I mission was to conduct investigations of celestial sources in the far and extreme ultraviolet spectral range. Specific objects targeted included the atmospheres of hot stars and the coronae of cool stars. Narrow interstellar absorption lines were studied to further understanding of the interstellar medium (ISM). ORFEUS-SPAS I was the first of a series of planned joint DARA (German Space Agency) /NASA missions. The name arises from the reusable Astro-Shuttle Pallet Satellite (Astro-SPAS), and the Orbiting Retrievable Far and Extreme Ultraviolet Spectrometers (ORFEUS) Telescope carried on Astro-SPAS.

ORFEUS-SPAS was a free-flying platform designed to be deployed and retrieved from the space shuttle. The Astro-SPAS carrier was powered by batteries, and data from the instruments were stored on tape. Absolute pointing was accurate to within a few arc seconds. ORFEUS-SPAS is 4.5m length and has a 2.5m width base. Operation of ORFEUS-SPAS was approximately 40km from the shuttle.

ORFEUS-SPAS carried three spectrometers operating over the wavelength range 400 - 1250 Angstroms. The Tubingen Ultraviolet Echelle Spectrometer (TUES) and the Berkeley Extreme and Far-UV Spectrometer (BEFS) were housed on the primary instrument - the ORFEUS 1-m telescope. The Interstellar Medium Absorption Profile Spectrograph (IMAPS) was operated independently from ORFEUS.

The ORFEUS-SPAS I mission was flown in September 1993.

Subtopics

ORFEUS-SPAS 1, 2 UV Astronomy, retrievable satellite satellite built by Daimler Chrysler Aerospace for DARA, NASA, Germany. Launched 1993 - 1996.

Family: Astronomy, Ultraviolet astronomy satellite. Country: USA. Launch Vehicles: Space Shuttle. Launch Sites: Cape Canaveral, Cape Canaveral LC39B. Agency: NASA, MBB. Bibliography: 2, 276, 4.

1996 November 19 - . 19:55 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC39B. Launch Platform: MLP3. LV Family: Shuttle. Launch Vehicle: Space Shuttle.

ORFEUS - . Payload: ASTRO-SPAS. Nation: USA. Agency: DLR. Class: Astronomy. Type: X-ray astronomy satellite. Spacecraft: ORFEUS. Decay Date: 1996-12-07 . USAF Sat Cat: 24661 . COSPAR: 1996-065B. Apogee: 359 km (223 mi). Perigee: 346 km (214 mi). Inclination: 28.50 deg. Period: 91.60 min. Retrieved Dec 4.

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