S-300 (original) (raw)
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S-300
S-300PMU
Credit: © Mark Wade
Russian surface-to-air missile. Third generation family of surface-to-air missiles developed in the 1970's based on new principles. The same launch system could use either 5V55 or 48N6 series missiles, of both mid- and long-range types.
AKA: 5V55R. Status: Active.
Development began in 1969 of a common surface-to-air missile with 75 km range for the PVO (designated S-300P) and the VMF (Rif). B V Bunkin at NPO Almaz was responsible for development of the system for the PVO and land forces, and V A Bukatov at NPO Altair was responsible for development of the system for the Navy. Development of the common missile for the two systems was undertaken by MKB Fakel (formerly OKB-2 of Grushin). These new generation of surface-to-air missiles would include the 5V55 missile for the S-300P system and the 9M330 for the Tor system. A fundamental re-examination of surface-to-air missile design was undertaken in light of the latest innovations in rocket technology. The goal was to achieve the highest possible velocity while at the same time achieving a new level of reliability. The missile had to have minimal reaction time, improved military utility, minimum time to target, ease of manufacture, and operate under a wider range of climatic conditions. The production missile had to be a 'certified round' - have a guaranteed reliability throughout its lifetime. The result was the TPK combined launch and transport container. This container was never opened between the time it left the factory and the launch of the missile inside. The vertical launch technique adopted used a catapult accelerator within the container to pop the missile to an altitude 20 m above the launcher, where the main motor ignited. The 4M330 featured the world's first gas-dynamic steering system, allowing quick maneuverability when homing in on the target.
Initial Operational Capability: 1979.
Subtopics
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S-300V Russian surface-to-air missile. Mobile, multiple-target, universal integrated surface-to-air missile. The S-300V system can fire either of two versions of the containerized missiles loaded: long range and medium range. These missiles are given different NATO designations. However any mix of the two missiles can be loaded as needed in the vertical launcher cells. |
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| S-300F Russian surface-to-air missile. Naval version of the S-300 system using the 5V55RM missile. Maximum target speed 4680 kph. |
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| Antey-2500 Russian surface-to-air missile. The Antey-2500 was a new generation of the S-300V, capable of shooting down re-entry vehicles of IRBMs of up to 2500 km range. |
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| S-300P Russian surface-to-air missile. Original version of the S-300 system for the PVO Air Defense Force using the 5V55R missile |
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| S-300PMU-1 48N6E Russian surface-to-air missile. Version of the S-300 system for the land forces and export using the advanced 48N6E missile, which doubled the range and greatly increased the effectiveness of the system. Alternatively any of the earlier model 5V55 or 48N6 series missiles could be loaded. |
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| S-300FM Russian surface-to-air missile. Naval version of the S-300 system using the 48N6Ye missile. Maximum target speed 10,000 kph. |
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| S-300PMU-2 Russian surface-to-air missile. Version of the S-300 system for export using the advanced 48N6E2 missile, capable of shooting down tactical ballistic missiles. |
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| S-300PMU-1 9M96 Russian surface-to-air missile. New version of S-300PMU with 9M96E and 9M96E2 rockets. The system could also fire earlier-model 5V55 or 48N6 series rockets. |
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| S-300PMU-1 5V55U Russian surface-to-air missile. Version of the S-300PMU system for export using the 5V55U missile. |
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Family: surface-to-air. Country: Russia. Agency: Almaz bureau, Grushin. Bibliography: 571, 8567.
1999 February 12 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: S-300. Launch Vehicle: S-300PMU-1 48N6E.
2004 April 30 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: S-300. Launch Vehicle: S-300PMU-1 48N6E.
2013 October 30 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: S-300. Launch Vehicle: S-300PMU-1 48N6E.
2013 October 30 - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. LV Family: S-300. Launch Vehicle: S-300PMU-1 48N6E.
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