C++ language - cppreference.com (original) (raw)
This is a reference of the core C++ language constructs.
Comments
ASCII chart
Punctuation
Names and identifiers
Types – Fundamental types
Object –Scope –Lifetime
Definitions and ODR
Name lookup
qualified – unqualified (ADL)
As-if rule
Undefined behavior (UB)
Memory – Multithread (C++11)
Character sets and encodings
Phases of translation
The main function
Modules (C++20)
Contracts (C++26)
#if - #ifdef - #ifndef - #elif
#elifdef - #elifndef (C++23)
#define - # - ##
#include -#pragma
#line -#error
#warning (C++23)
Value categories
Evaluation order
Constant expressions
Operators
assignment –arithmetic
increment and decrement
logical –comparison
member access
call, comma, ternary
sizeof – alignof (C++11)
new – delete – typeid
alternative representation
Default comparisons (C++20)
Operator precedence
Conversions
implicit – explicit
user-defined
Usual arithmetic conversions
static_cast – dynamic_cast
const_cast
reinterpret_cast
Literals (Escape sequences)
boolean –integer –floating
character –string
nullptr (C++11)
user-defined (UDL) (C++11)
Conflicting declarations
Storage duration and linkage
Translation-unit-local (C++20)
Language linkage
Namespace declaration
Namespace alias
References –Pointers –Arrays
Structured bindings (C++17)
Enumerations and enumerators
inline specifier
Inline assembly
const/volatile
constexpr (C++11)
consteval (C++20)
constinit (C++20)
decltype (C++11)
auto (C++11)
typedef – Type alias (C++11)
Elaborated type specifiers
Attributes (C++11)
alignas (C++11)
static_assert (C++11)
Default-initialization
Value-initialization
Copy-initialization
Direct-initialization
Aggregate initialization
List-initialization (C++11)
Reference initialization
Static non-local initialization
zero – constant
Dynamic non-local initialization
ordered – unordered
Copy elision (RVO)
Function declaration
Default arguments
Variadic arguments
Lambda expression (C++11)
Overload resolution
Operator overloading
Address of an overload set
Coroutines (C++20)
Replacement functions
if –switch
for –range-for (C++11)
while – do-while
continue –break
goto –return
contract_assert (C++26)
synchronized/atomic (TM TS)
Class types –Union types
injected-class-name
Data members –Bit-fields
Member functions –The this pointer
Static members –Nested classes
Derived class –using-declaration
Empty base optimization (EBO)
Virtual function –Abstract class (ABC)
override (C++11) – final (C++11)
Member access –friend
Constructors and member initializer lists
Default constructor –Destructor
Copy constructor –Copy assignment
Move constructor (C++11)
Move assignment (C++11)
Converting constructor
explicit specifier
Template parameters
Template arguments
Class template –Function template
Variable template (C++14)
Class member template
Template argument deduction
function –class (CTAD) (C++17)
Explicit specialization – Partial specialization
Packs (C++11) – sizeof... (C++11)
Fold expressions (C++17)
Pack indexing (C++26)
Dependent names –SFINAE
Constraints and concepts (C++20)
Requires expression (C++20)
try block
Throwing exceptions
Handling exceptions
Exception specification
noexcept specification (C++11)
Dynamic specification (until C++17*)
noexcept operator (C++11)
Miscellaneous
History of C++
Extending the namespace std
Acronyms:AFO,CPO,IFNDR,NDR,
NTBS,NTTP,RAO,SOCCC,TMP,TU
Idioms
Curiously Recurring Template Pattern (CRTP)
Pointer to implementation (PIMPL)
Resource acquisition is initialization (RAII)
Rule of three/five/zero
Zero-overhead principle