Iraq (original) (raw)

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Iraq

Al-Anbar
Credit: © Mark Wade

Iraq

Spacecraft: Cubesat. Launch Vehicles: Samoud, R-11, Al Hussein, Al Abbas, Tamouz, Babylon Gun, Al Fatah, Fahd, Al Aabed. Launch Sites: Al Amarah, Al Nikheb, Jebel Himreen, Kirkuk, Tall Afar, Umm Qasr, Al Anbar, Scud Batteries, Dombarovskiy. Agency: IQ224, IQA.

1977 Oct - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1977 Oct - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1977 Oct - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1977 Oct - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1977 Oct - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1977 Oct - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1980 - . Launch Vehicle: Babylon Gun.

• Project Babylon. - . Nation: Iraq.
  From March of 1988 to the invasion of Kuwait in 1990, Iraq contracted with Gerard Bull to build three superguns: two full sized 'Project Babylon' 1000 mm guns and one 'Baby Babylon' 350 mm prototype. Gerard Bull was first contracted by the Iraqi government in 1981. They desperately needed artillery to out-range the enemy in the protracted Iran-Iraq War. The association allowed Bull to yet again seek sponsorship of a space-launch supergun. Sadam Hussein liked the idea, and Project Babylon was born. Throughout the 1980's Bull's dealings with Iraq had the covert approval of Western governments, who saw Iraq as a counterweight to revolutionary Iran.
  In March of 1988, Bull received a contract to build two full sized 'Project Babylon' 1000 mm superguns and one 'Baby Babylon' 350 mm prototype for a total of $25 million. The project was given the cover designation 'PC-2' (Petrochemical Complex-2). British engineer Christopher Cowley was the project manager.
  The Project Babylon gun would have a barrel 156 meters long with a one meter bore. The launch tube would be 30 cm thick at the breech, tapering to 6.5 cm at the exit. Like the V-3 the gun would be built in segments. 26 six-meter-long sections would make up the barrel, totalling 1510 tonnes. Added to this would be four 220 tonne recoil cylinders, and the 165 tonne breech. The recoil force of the gun would be 27,000 tonnes - equivalent to a nuclear bomb and sufficient to register as a major seismic event all around the world. Nine tonnes of special supergun propellant would fire a 600 kg projectile over a range of 1,000 kilometres, or a 2,000 kg rocket-assisted projectile. The 2,000 kg projectile would place a net payload of about 200 kg into orbit at a cost of $ 600 per kg.
  In May of 1989 the Baby Babylon was completed at Jabal Hamrayn, 145 km north of Baghdad. The horizontally-mounted gun was 45-m long with a 350 mm barrel, and had a total mass of 102 tonnes. Following tests using lead projectiles the gun was reassembled on a hillside at a 45 degree angle. It was expected to achieve a range of 750 km. An Iraqi defector revealed later that the gun was to be used for several missions:
  • Long-range attack using chemical, biological, or nuclear warheads. However since the weapon was fixed, it could only be fired in one direction, and like the V-3 would be easily identified and neutralised by the targeted country. For this reason the Israelis did not consider it much of a threat.
  • As an anti-satellite weapon. It would launch a special shell in space that would explode near the target satellite, covering it with sticky material and blinding it.
    Production of components for the Babylon gun began in Britain with the knowledge of British and US intelligence services. These were officially 'oil pipeline segments' for the 'PC-2' petrochemical refinery.
    On 22 March 1990 Bull was assassinated and the project quickly unravelled. It is commonly thought that he was killed by the Israelis, concerned not so much by the supergun work but rather dynamics research Bull was doing to improve Iraqi ballistic missiles. Three weeks later British Customs seized the final eight sections of the Babylon Gun. On August 2, 1990, Iraq invaded Kuwait, precipitating the Gulf War. This ended Western covert sponsorship of Iraq.
    After the war UN teams destroyed the Baby Babylon 350 mm gun, components of the two Project Babylon 1000 mm guns (44 gun sections, four recoil cylinders), and one tonne of supergun propellant (the Iraqis destroyed the remaining 11 tonnes). Only seven slugs for the 350 mm gun were recovered and destroyed. Iraq claimed never to have received any design, assistance, materials or equipment for the planned rocket-assisted projectiles. At the end of September 1995 UNSCOM obtained information on an indigenous 600 mm indigenous Iraqi supergun design - evidence that the project had not died with Bull.

1980 Nov - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• 69 against Iran - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1981 - . Launch Vehicle: Babylon Gun.

• Gerard Bull was first contracted by the Iraqi government - . Nation: Iraq.

1981 Apr - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1981 Apr - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1981 Apr - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1981 Apr - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1981 Apr - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1981 Jun - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1981 Jun - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1981 Jun - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1981 Nov - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1981 Nov - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1981 Dec - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1981 Dec - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1982 May - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1982 May - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1982 Jul - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1982 Jul - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1982 Jul - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1982 Jul - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1982 Jul - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1982 Jul - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1982 Jul - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1982 Jul - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1982 Sep - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1982 Sep - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1982 Sep - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1982 Sep - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1982 Sep - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1982 Sep - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1982 Sep - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1982 Sep - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1982 Sep - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1982 Sep - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1982 Sep - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1982 Sep - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1982 Sep - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1982 Sep - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1982 Dec - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1982 Dec - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1983 Feb - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1983 Feb - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1983 Feb - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1983 Feb - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1983 May - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1983 May - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1983 May - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1983 May - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1983 May - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1983 May - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1983 May - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1983 Aug - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1983 Aug - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1983 Oct - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1983 Oct - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1983 Oct - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1983 Oct - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1983 Nov - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1983 Nov - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1983 Nov - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1983 Nov - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1983 Nov - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1983 Nov - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1983 Nov - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1983 Nov - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1983 Nov - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1983 Nov - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1983 Nov - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1983 Nov - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1983 Nov - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1983 Nov - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1983 Dec - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1983 Dec - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1983 Dec - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1983 Dec - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1983 Dec - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1983 Dec - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1984 Feb - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1984 Feb - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1984 Feb - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1984 Feb - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1984 Feb - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1984 Feb - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1984 Feb - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1984 Feb - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1984 Feb - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1984 Feb - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1984 Feb - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1984 Feb - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1984 Feb - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1984 Feb - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1984 Feb - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1984 Mar - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1984 Mar - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1984 Mar - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1984 Mar - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1984 Mar - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1984 Mar - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1984 Mar - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1984 Mar - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1984 Mar - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1984 Mar - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1984 Mar - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1984 Jun - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1984 Jun - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1984 Jun - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1984 Jun - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1984 Jun - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1984 Jun - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1984 Jun - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1984 Jun - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1984 Jun? - . Launch Site: Al Amarah. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Agency: IQ224. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1984 Oct - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1984 Oct - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1984 Oct - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1984 Oct - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1984 Oct - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1984 Oct - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1984 Oct - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1984 Oct - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1984 Oct - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1984 Oct - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1984 Oct - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1984 Oct - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1984 Oct - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1984 Oct - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1984 Oct - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1984 Oct - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1984 Oct - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1984 Oct - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1985 Mar - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• 54 launches vs Iran - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1985 Apr - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• 22 launches vs Iran - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1985 May - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• 15 launches vs Iran - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1985 May - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1985 May - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1985 Aug - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Test launch - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1987 Jan - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• 27 launches vs Iran - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1987 February 11 - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Al Hussein R&D 1 - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1987 Mar - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• 9 launches vs Iran - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1987 April 21 - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Al Hussein R&D 2 - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1987 April 28 - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Al Hussein R&D 3 - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

1987 August 3 - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: Al Hussein.

• Range test, 615 km - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1987 December 28 - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: Al Hussein.

• Combat valid. test - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1988 February 29 - . Launch Site: Al Amarah. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: Al Hussein.

• vs Tehran - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1988 February 29 - . Launch Site: Al Amarah. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: Al Hussein.

• vs Tehran - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1988 February 29 - . Launch Site: Al Amarah. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: Al Hussein.

• vs Tehran - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1988 March - . Launch Vehicle: Babylon Gun.

• Iraq contracts with Gerard Bull for a space-launch supergun. - . Nation: Iraq.
  Bull received a contract to build two full sized 'Project Babylon' 1000 mm superguns and one 'Baby Babylon' 350 mm prototype for a total of $25 million. The project was given the cover designation 'PC-2' (Petrochemical Complex-2). British engineer Christopher Cowley was the project manager.

1988 March 1 - . Launch Site: Al Amarah. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: Al Hussein.

• vs Tehran - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1988 March 1 - . Launch Site: Al Amarah. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: Al Hussein.

• vs Tehran - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1988 March 1 - . Launch Site: Al Amarah. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: Al Hussein.

• vs Tehran - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1988 Mar - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• 181 launches vs Iran - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1988 April 25 - . Launch Site: Tall Afar. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: Al Abbas.

• Test flight - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1988 June 27 - . Launch Site: Tall Afar. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: Al Abbas.

• Test flight - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1988 June 28 - . Launch Site: Tall Afar. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: Al Abbas.

• Test flight - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1988 June 29 - . Launch Site: Tall Afar. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: Al Abbas.

• Test flight - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1989 February 12 - . Launch Site: Tall Afar. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: Al Abbas.

• Test flight - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1989 February 12 - . Launch Site: Tall Afar. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: Al Abbas.

• Test flight - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1989 May - . Launch Vehicle: Babylon Gun.

• Baby Babylon Supergun completed - . Nation: Iraq.
  The Baby Babylon was completed at Jabal Hamrayn, 145 km north of Baghdad. The horizontally-mounted gun was 45-m long with a 350 mm barrel, and had a total mass of 102 tonnes. Following tests using lead projectiles the gun was reassembled on a hillside at a 45 degree angle. It was expected to achieve a range of 750 km. One of the planned missions for the prototype gun was as an anti-satellite weapon. It would launch a special shell in space that would explode near the target satellite, covering it with sticky material and blinding it.

1989 July 27 - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: Al Hussein.

• Launch trailer test - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1989 August 21 - . Launch Site: Tall Afar. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: Al Abbas.

• Test flight - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1989 December 5 - . Launch Site: Al Anbar. Launch Vehicle: Al Aabed.

• Test mission - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 50 km (31 mi).

1990 January 2 - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: Short Al Hussein.

• Test flight - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1990 January 2 - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: Al Hussein.

• Test flight - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1990 January 2 - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: Al Hussein.

• Test flight - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1990 January 2 - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: Short Al Hussein.

• Test flight - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1990 March 22 - . Launch Vehicle: Babylon Gun.

• Gerard Bull assassinated, ending the Tamouz and supergun projects. - . Nation: Iraq.
  It is commonly thought that he was killed by the Israelis, concerned not so much by the supergun work but rather dynamics research Bull was doing to improve Iraqi ballistic missiles. Three weeks later British Customs seized the final eight sections of the Babylon Gun.

1990 April 8 - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: Al Hussein.

• Chemical warhead - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1990 April 8 - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: Short Al Hussein.

• Test flight - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1990 April 18 - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: Al Hijara.

• Test flight - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1990 June 22 - . Launch Site: Jebel Himreen. Launch Complex: Jebel Himreen G350. Launch Vehicle: Babylon Gun.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 34 km (21 mi).

1990 June 27 - . Launch Site: Tall Afar. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: Al Hussein.

• Separating RV test - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1990 July 16 - . Launch Site: Jebel Himreen. Launch Complex: Jebel Himreen G350. Launch Vehicle: Babylon Gun.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 33 km (20 mi).

1990 August 2 - . Launch Vehicle: Babylon Gun.

• Iraq invades Kuwait. - . Nation: Iraq. Iraq invaded Kuwait, precipitating the Gulf War. This ended Western covert sponsorship of Iraqi supergun, space launch, and long-range missile projects..

1990 August 15 - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Pad: IRAQ-S. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: Al Hussein.

• Weapon test - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1990 September 24 - . Launch Site: Jebel Himreen. Launch Complex: Jebel Himreen G350. Launch Vehicle: Babylon Gun.

• Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 62 km (38 mi).

1990 December 1 - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Pad: IRAQ-A. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: Al Hussein.

• Weapon/test - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1990 December 1 - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Pad: IRAQ-A. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: Al Hussein.

• Weapon/test - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1990 December 1 - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Pad: IRAQ-A. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: Al Hussein.

• Weapon/test - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1990 December 26 - . Launch Site: Al Nikheb. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: R-17.

• Launch trailer test - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1990 December 28 - . Launch Site: Umm Qasr. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: Al Abbas.

• Separating RV test - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1990 December 28 - . Launch Site: Umm Qasr. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: Al Abbas.

• Separating RV test - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1991 January 17 - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Pad: IRAQ-W. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: Al Hussein.

• Israel - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1991 January 19 - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Pad: IRAQ-W. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: Al Hussein.

• Israel - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1991 January 19 - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Pad: IRAQ-W. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: Al Hussein.

• Israel - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1991 January 19 - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Pad: IRAQ-W. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: Al Hussein.

• Israel - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1991 January 20 - . 18:43 GMT - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Pad: IRAQ-S. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: Al Hussein.

• Dhahran - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1991 January 20 - . 18:43 GMT - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Pad: IRAQ-S. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: Al Hussein.

• Dhahran - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1991 January 21 - . 08:29 GMT - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Pad: IRAQ-S. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: Al Hussein.

• Dhahran - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1991 January 21 - . 08:29 GMT - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Pad: IRAQ-S. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: Al Hussein.

• Dhahran - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1991 January 21 - . 09:42 GMT - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Pad: IRAQ-S. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: Al Hussein.

• Riyadh - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1991 January 21 - . 09:42 GMT - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Pad: IRAQ-S. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: Al Hussein.

• Riyadh - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1991 January 21 - . 09:42 GMT - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Pad: IRAQ-S. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: Al Hussein.

• Riyadh - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1991 January 21 - . 09:42 GMT - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Pad: IRAQ-S. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: Al Hussein.

• Riyadh - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1991 January 21 - . 19:18 GMT - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Pad: IRAQ-S. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: Al Hussein.

• Combat launch - target: Al Jubail - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1991 January 22 - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Pad: IRAQ-W. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: Al Hussein.

• Israel - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1991 January 22 - . 00:41 GMT - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Pad: IRAQ-S. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: Al Hussein.

• Riyadh - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1991 January 22 - . 00:41 GMT - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Pad: IRAQ-S. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: Al Hussein.

• Riyadh - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1991 January 22 - . 00:41 GMT - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Pad: IRAQ-S. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: Al Hussein.

• Riyadh - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1991 January 22 - . 04:10 GMT - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Pad: IRAQ-S. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: Al Hussein.

• Dhahran - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1991 January 22 - . 04:10 GMT - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Pad: IRAQ-S. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: Al Hussein.

• Dhahran - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1991 January 22 - . 04:10 GMT - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Pad: IRAQ-S. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: Al Hussein.

• Dhahran - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1991 January 23 - . 19:54 GMT - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Pad: IRAQ-W. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: Al Hussein.

• Israel - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1991 January 23 - . 19:54 GMT - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Pad: IRAQ-S. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: Al Hussein.

• Dhahran - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1991 January 23 - . 19:54 GMT - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Pad: IRAQ-S. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: Al Hussein.

• Riyadh - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1991 January 23 - . 19:54 GMT - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Pad: IRAQ-S. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: Al Hussein.

• Dhahran - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1991 January 23 - . 19:54 GMT - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Pad: IRAQ-S. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: Al Hussein.

• Riyadh - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1991 January 25 - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Pad: IRAQ-W. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: Al Hussein.

• Israel - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1991 January 25 - . 19:23 GMT - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Pad: IRAQ-S. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: Al Hussein.

• Riyadh - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1991 January 25 - . 19:23 GMT - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Pad: IRAQ-S. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: Al Hussein.

• Riyadh - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1991 January 26 - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Pad: IRAQ-W. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: Al Hussein.

• Israel - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1991 January 26 - . 00:28 GMT - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Pad: IRAQ-S. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: Al Hussein.

• Dhahran - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1991 January 26 - . 19:46 GMT - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Pad: IRAQ-S. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: Al Hussein.

• Riyadh - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1991 January 28 - . 17:55 GMT - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Pad: IRAQ-S. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: Al Hussein.

• Riyadh - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1991 February 1 - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Pad: IRAQ-W. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: Al Hussein.

• Israel - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1991 February 1 - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Pad: IRAQ-W. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: Al Hussein.

• Israel - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1991 February 1 - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Pad: IRAQ-W. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: Al Hussein.

• Israel - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1991 February 2 - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Pad: IRAQ-W. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: Al Hussein.

• Israel - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1991 February 2 - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Pad: IRAQ-W. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: Al Hussein.

• Israel - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1991 February 2 - . 21:41 GMT - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Pad: IRAQ-S. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: Al Hussein.

• Riyadh - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1991 February 7 - . 22:54 GMT - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Pad: IRAQ-S. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: Al Hussein.

• Riyadh - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1991 February 11 - . 19:20 GMT - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Pad: IRAQ-S. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: Al Hussein.

• Riyadh - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1991 February 14 - . 08:45 GMT - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Pad: IRAQ-S. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: Al Hussein.

• Hafir Al Batin - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1991 February 14 - . 08:45 GMT - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Pad: IRAQ-S. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: Al Hussein.

• Hafir Al Batin - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1991 February 15 - . 23:01 GMT - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Pad: IRAQ-S. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: Al Hussein.

• Combat launch - target: Al Jubail - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1991 February 21 - . 14:06 GMT - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Pad: IRAQ-S. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: Al Hussein.

• Combat launch - target: King Khalid Military City - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1991 February 21 - . 14:06 GMT - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Pad: IRAQ-S. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: Al Hussein.

• Combat launch - target: King Khalid Military City - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1991 February 21 - . 18:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Pad: IRAQ-S. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: Al Hussein.

• Combat launch - target: King Khalid Military City - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1991 February 21 - . 23:31 GMT - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Pad: IRAQ-S. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: Al Hussein.

• Bahrain - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1991 February 23 - . 01:59 GMT - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Pad: IRAQ-S. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: Al Hussein.

• Dhahran - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1991 February 23 - . 01:59 GMT - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Pad: IRAQ-S. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: Al Hussein.

• Dhahran - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1991 February 24 - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Pad: IRAQ-W. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: Al Hussein.

• Israel - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1991 February 24 - . 01:32 GMT - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Pad: IRAQ-S. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: Al Hussein.

• Riyadh - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1991 February 24 - . 06:23 GMT - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Pad: IRAQ-S. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: Al Hussein.

• Riyadh - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1991 February 24 - . 09:17 GMT - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Pad: IRAQ-S. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: Al Hussein.

• Combat launch - target: King Khalid Military City - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1991 February 25 - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: Al Hijara.

• Israel-Negev - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1991 February 25 - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: Al Hijara.

• Israel-Negev - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1991 February 25 - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: Al Hijara.

• Israel-Negev - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1991 February 25 - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: Al Hijara.

• Israel-Negev - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1991 February 25 - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: Al Hijara.

• Israel-Negev - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1991 February 25 - . 17:32 GMT - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Pad: IRAQ-S. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: Al Hussein.

• Dhahran - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1991 February 25 - . 22:26 GMT - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Pad: IRAQ-S. LV Family: R-11. Launch Vehicle: Al Hussein.

• Qatar - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1997 October 24 - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: S-75. Launch Vehicle: Al Samoud.

• Test 5b - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 50 km (31 mi).

1998 February 20 - . 13:23 GMT - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: S-75. Launch Vehicle: Al Samoud.

• Test 20 - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 50 km (31 mi).

1998 February 21 - . 10:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: S-75. Launch Vehicle: Al Samoud.

• Test 11 - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1998 March 30 - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: S-75. Launch Vehicle: Al Samoud.

• Test 10 - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 50 km (31 mi).

1998 August 11 - . 09:40 GMT - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: S-75. Launch Vehicle: Al Samoud.

• Test 44 - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 50 km (31 mi).

1998 October 20 - . 12:50 GMT - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: S-75. Launch Vehicle: Al Samoud.

• Test 47 - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

1999 May 1 - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: S-75. Launch Vehicle: Al Samoud.

• Test - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 50 km (31 mi).

1999 August 31 - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: S-75. Launch Vehicle: Al Samoud.

• Test - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 50 km (31 mi).

1999 September 5 - . 04:15 GMT - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: S-75. Launch Vehicle: Al Samoud.

• Test - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 50 km (31 mi).

1999 December 23 - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: S-75. Launch Vehicle: Al Samoud.

• Test - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 50 km (31 mi).

1999 December 28 - . 13:15 GMT - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: S-75. Launch Vehicle: Al Samoud.

• Test - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 50 km (31 mi).

2000 February 17 - . 09:38 GMT - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: S-75. Launch Vehicle: Al Samoud.

• Test - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 50 km (31 mi).

2000 March 12 - . 13:15 GMT - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: S-75. Launch Vehicle: Al Samoud.

• Test - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 50 km (31 mi).

2000 April 25 - . 12:01 GMT - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: S-75. Launch Vehicle: Al Samoud.

• Test - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 50 km (31 mi).

2000 May 23 - . 10:30 GMT - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: S-75. Launch Vehicle: Al Samoud.

• Test - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 50 km (31 mi).

2000 September 1 - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Vehicle: Al Fatah.

• Test - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 1.00 km (0.60 mi).

2000 October 23 - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Vehicle: Al Fatah.

• Test - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 20 km (12 mi).

2000 November 13 - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: S-75. Launch Vehicle: Al Samoud.

• Test - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 50 km (31 mi).

2000 November 15 - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: S-75. Launch Vehicle: Al Samoud.

• Test - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 50 km (31 mi).

2000 November 18 - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Vehicle: Al Fatah.

• Test - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 60 km (37 mi).

2000 November 20 - . 12:15 GMT - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: S-75. Launch Vehicle: Al Samoud.

• Test - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 50 km (31 mi).

2000 December 12 - . 08:30 GMT - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: S-75. Launch Vehicle: Al Samoud.

• Test - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 50 km (31 mi).

2001 January 9 - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: S-75. Launch Vehicle: Al Samoud.

• Test - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 50 km (31 mi).

2001 January 13 - . 08:02 GMT - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: S-75. Launch Vehicle: Al Samoud.

• Test - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 50 km (31 mi).

2001 January 14 - . 10:39 GMT - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: S-75. Launch Vehicle: Al Samoud.

• Test - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 50 km (31 mi).

2001 January 21 - . 11:25 GMT - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: S-75. Launch Vehicle: Al Samoud.

• Test - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

2001 February 12 - . 09:07 GMT - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: S-75. Launch Vehicle: Al Samoud.

• Test - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 20 km (12 mi).

2001 February 16 - . 08:46 GMT - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: S-75. Launch Vehicle: Al Samoud.

• Test - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 50 km (31 mi).

2001 March 17 - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Vehicle: Al Fatah.

• Test - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 60 km (37 mi).

2001 March 20 - . 08:42 GMT - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: S-75. Launch Vehicle: Al Samoud.

• Test - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 50 km (31 mi).

2001 March 27 - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Vehicle: Al Fatah.

• Test - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 60 km (37 mi).

2001 March 28 - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: S-75. Launch Vehicle: Al Samoud.

• Test - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 50 km (31 mi).

2001 March 29 - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: S-75. Launch Vehicle: Al Samoud.

• Test - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 20 km (12 mi).

2001 April 29 - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Vehicle: Al Fatah.

• Test - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 20 km (12 mi).

2001 May 28 - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: S-75. Launch Vehicle: Al Samoud.

• Test - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

2001 May 29 - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: S-75. Launch Vehicle: Al Samoud.

• Test - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 50 km (31 mi).

2001 May 30 - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Vehicle: Al Fatah.

• Test - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 5.00 km (3.10 mi).

2001 July 11 - . 03:14 GMT - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: S-75. Launch Vehicle: Al Samoud.

• Test - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 50 km (31 mi).

2001 July 12 - . 03:40 GMT - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: S-75. Launch Vehicle: Al Samoud.

• Test - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 0 km (0 mi).

2001 July 17 - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: S-75. Launch Vehicle: Al Samoud.

• Test - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 50 km (31 mi).

2001 August 8 - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Vehicle: Al Fatah.

• Test - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 2.00 km (1.20 mi).

2001 August 8 - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Vehicle: Al Fatah.

• Test - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 60 km (37 mi).

2001 August 20 - . 03:59 GMT - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: S-75. Launch Vehicle: Al Samoud.

• Test - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 50 km (31 mi).

2001 August 21 - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: S-75. Launch Vehicle: Al Samoud.

• Test - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 50 km (31 mi).

2001 August 21 - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: S-75. Launch Vehicle: Al Samoud.

• Test - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 50 km (31 mi).

2001 August 22 - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Vehicle: Al Fatah.

• Test - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 2.00 km (1.20 mi).

2001 August 23 - . Launch Site: Al Anbar. LV Family: Samoud. Launch Vehicle: Al Samoud 2.

• Test 1 - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 45 km (27 mi).

2001 September 6 - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Vehicle: Al Fatah.

• Test - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 60 km (37 mi).

2001 September 24 - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: S-75. Launch Vehicle: Al Samoud.

• Test - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 50 km (31 mi).

2001 September 26 - . 13:32 GMT - . Launch Site: Al Anbar. LV Family: Samoud. Launch Vehicle: Al Samoud 2.

• Test 2 - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 45 km (27 mi).

2001 October 11 - . Launch Site: Al Anbar. LV Family: Samoud. Launch Vehicle: Al Samoud 2.

• Test 2 - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 45 km (27 mi).

2001 November 3 - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Vehicle: Al Fatah.

• Test - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 60 km (37 mi).

2001 November 7 - . 06:30 GMT - . Launch Site: Al Anbar. LV Family: Samoud. Launch Vehicle: Al Samoud 2.

• Test 2 - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 45 km (27 mi).

2001 November 22 - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Vehicle: Al Fatah.

• Test - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 60 km (37 mi).

2001 December 5 - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Vehicle: Al Fatah.

• Test - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 60 km (37 mi).

2001 December 15 - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Vehicle: Al Fatah.

• Test - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 60 km (37 mi).

2001 December 18 - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Vehicle: Al Fatah.

• Test - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 60 km (37 mi).

2001 December 20 - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Vehicle: Al Fatah.

• Test - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 60 km (37 mi).

2001 December 29 - . Launch Site: Al Anbar. LV Family: Samoud. Launch Vehicle: Al Samoud 2.

• Test 2 - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 45 km (27 mi).

2002 January 9 - . 09:49 GMT - . Launch Site: Al Anbar. LV Family: Samoud. Launch Vehicle: Al Samoud 2.

• Test 2 - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 45 km (27 mi).

2002 January 10 - . Launch Site: Al Anbar. LV Family: Samoud. Launch Vehicle: Al Samoud 2.

• Test 2 - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 45 km (27 mi).

2002 January 26 - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Vehicle: Al Fatah.

• Test - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 60 km (37 mi).

2002 January 31 - . 12:29 GMT - . Launch Site: Al Anbar. LV Family: Samoud. Launch Vehicle: Al Samoud 2.

• Test 2 - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 45 km (27 mi).

2002 March 14 - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Vehicle: Al Fatah.

• Test - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 60 km (37 mi).

2002 March 14 - . Launch Site: Al Anbar. LV Family: Samoud. Launch Vehicle: Al Samoud 2.

• Test 2 - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 45 km (27 mi).

2002 April 11 - . Launch Site: Al Anbar. LV Family: Samoud. Launch Vehicle: Al Samoud 2.

• Test 2 - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 45 km (27 mi).

2002 April 22 - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Vehicle: Al Fatah.

• Test - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 60 km (37 mi).

2002 May 10 - . Launch Site: Al Anbar. LV Family: Samoud. Launch Vehicle: Al Samoud 2.

• Test 2 - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 45 km (27 mi).

2002 June 6 - . Launch Site: Al Anbar. LV Family: Samoud. Launch Vehicle: Al Samoud 2.

• Test 2 - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 45 km (27 mi).

2002 June 9 - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Vehicle: Al Fatah.

• Test - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 60 km (37 mi).

2002 June 9 - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Vehicle: Al Fatah.

• Test - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 60 km (37 mi).

2002 June 17 - . 03:07 GMT - . Launch Site: Al Anbar. LV Family: Samoud. Launch Vehicle: Al Samoud 2.

• Test 2 - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 45 km (27 mi).

2002 June 18 - . 03:12 GMT - . Launch Site: Al Anbar. LV Family: Samoud. Launch Vehicle: Al Samoud 2.

• Test 2 - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 45 km (27 mi).

2002 July 18 - . 03:54 GMT - . Launch Site: Al Anbar. LV Family: Samoud. Launch Vehicle: Al Samoud 2.

• Test 2 - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 45 km (27 mi).

2002 July 22 - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Vehicle: Al Fatah.

• Test - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 60 km (37 mi).

2002 July 23 - . 02:56 GMT - . Launch Site: Al Anbar. LV Family: Samoud. Launch Vehicle: Al Samoud 2.

• Test 2 - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 45 km (27 mi).

2002 August 18 - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Vehicle: Al Fatah.

• Test - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 2.00 km (1.20 mi).

2002 August 22 - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Vehicle: Al Fatah.

• Test - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 60 km (37 mi).

2002 August 24 - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Vehicle: Al Fatah.

• Test - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 60 km (37 mi).

2002 August 25 - . Launch Site: Al Anbar. LV Family: Samoud. Launch Vehicle: Al Samoud 2.

• Test 2 - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 45 km (27 mi).

2002 August 25 - . 03:45 GMT - . Launch Site: Al Anbar. LV Family: Samoud. Launch Vehicle: Al Samoud 2.

• Test 2 - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 45 km (27 mi).

2002 September 30 - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Vehicle: Al Fatah.

• Test - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 60 km (37 mi).

2002 September 30 - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Vehicle: Al Fatah.

• Test - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 60 km (37 mi).

2002 September 30 - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Vehicle: Al Fatah.

• Test - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 60 km (37 mi).

2002 October 28 - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Vehicle: Al Fatah.

• Test - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 60 km (37 mi).

2002 October 28 - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Vehicle: Al Fatah.

• Test - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 60 km (37 mi).

2002 October 30 - . 06:04 GMT - . Launch Site: Al Anbar. LV Family: Samoud. Launch Vehicle: Al Samoud 2.

• Test 2 - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 45 km (27 mi).

2002 October 30 - . 08:12 GMT - . Launch Site: Al Anbar. LV Family: Samoud. Launch Vehicle: Al Samoud 2.

• Test 2 - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 45 km (27 mi).

2002 November 16 - . Launch Site: Al Anbar. LV Family: Samoud. Launch Vehicle: Al Samoud 2.

• Test 2 - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 45 km (27 mi).

2002 November 25 - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Vehicle: Al Fatah.

• Test - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 60 km (37 mi).

2002 November 25 - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Vehicle: Al Fatah.

• Test - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 60 km (37 mi).

2003 March 20 - . 09:24 GMT - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Vehicle: Al Fatah.

• Target: TAA Thunder, Kuwait - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 60 km (37 mi).

2003 March 20 - . 10:30 GMT - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Vehicle: Al Fatah.

• Target: Camp Doha - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 60 km (37 mi).

2003 March 20 - . 21:03 GMT - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Vehicle: Al Fatah.

• Target: Persian Gulf - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 60 km (37 mi).

2003 March 20 - . 22:08 GMT - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: Samoud. Launch Vehicle: Al Samoud 2.

• Kuwait - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 45 km (27 mi).

2003 March 20 - . 23:20 GMT - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Vehicle: Al Fatah.

• Target: Camp Udari - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 60 km (37 mi).

2003 March 21 - . 10:01 GMT - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Vehicle: Al Fatah.

• Target: Al Jahra/Camp Doha - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 60 km (37 mi).

2003 March 23 - . 21:59 GMT - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: Samoud. Launch Vehicle: Al Samoud 2.

• Camp NJ - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 45 km (27 mi).

2003 March 24 - . 10:35 GMT - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: Samoud. Launch Vehicle: Al Samoud 2.

• Camp VA/Camp NJ - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 45 km (27 mi).

2003 March 24 - . 13:42 GMT - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Vehicle: Al Fatah.

• Target: Camp Doha - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 60 km (37 mi).

2003 March 25 - . 12:48 GMT - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Vehicle: Al Fatah.

• Target: Camp Commando, Northern Kuwait - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 60 km (37 mi).

2003 March 26 - . 16:58 GMT - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Vehicle: Al Fatah.

• Target: Camp Doha - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 2.00 km (1.20 mi).

2003 March 27 - . 08:31 GMT - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. Launch Vehicle: Al Fatah.

• Target: Camp Doha - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 60 km (37 mi).

2003 March 27 - . 20:56 GMT - . Launch Site: Kirkuk. Launch Vehicle: Al Fatah.

• Nation: Iraq. Agency: IQA. Apogee: 60 km (37 mi).

2003 April 1 - . 06:03 GMT - . Launch Site: Scud Batteries. LV Family: Samoud. Launch Vehicle: Al Samoud 2.

• US Forces Iraq - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 45 km (27 mi).

2014 June 19 - . 19:11 GMT - . Launch Site: Dombarovskiy. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: Dnepr.

• Tigrisat - . Mass: 3.00 kg (6.60 lb). Nation: Iraq. Spacecraft: Cubesat. USAF Sat Cat: 40043 . COSPAR: 2014-033AK. Apogee: 698 km (433 mi). Perigee: 610 km (370 mi). Inclination: 97.97 deg. Period: 97.81 min. 3U cubesat built by Iraqi students at the La Sapienza University of Rome..

2017 June 18 - . Launch Site: Kurdistan. Launch Vehicle: Fateh-110.

• HE Warhead - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 200 km (120 mi). Combat launch. Impacted Deir-es-Zor,Syria..

2017 June 18 - . Launch Site: Kurdistan. Launch Vehicle: Fateh-110.

• HE Warhead - . Nation: Iraq. Apogee: 200 km (120 mi). Combat launch. Impacted Deir-es-Zor,Syria..

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