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Ellipsoidal reflector spotlights (often called ERSs, or Lekos, after a company's ellipsoidal instrument) are among the most complex non-automated lights found in a theatrical lighting setup. Ellipsoidals consist of an incandescent lamp, an elliptical reflector, and one or two plano-convex lenses. There are many types of ellipsoidal instruments, but they all share the common trait of producing a sharp beam that can be focused and shaped. Most employ four shutters that allow the spill of light to be controlled. Ellipsoidals typically have provisions for color frames and _gobo_projection. Typical uses of ellipsoidals are: acting area lighting, specials, back or side lighting, and pattern projection (discussed a little later in this chapter). Figures 5.6 and 5.7 show typical ERS instruments.

**Figure 5.6:**Typical non-axial ellipsoidal reflector spotlight.

$\begin{figure}\psfig{file=lighting/leko2.eps}\end{figure}$

**Figure 5.7:**An Altman Shakespeare, a modern ellipsoidal reflector spotlight.

$\begin{figure}\psfig{file=lighting/shakespr.eps}\end{figure}$

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Steve Richardson 2000-07-06

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