Anguimorpha (original) (raw)

After Rieppell, 1994, Evans & Barbadillo, 1998, Caldwell, 1999, and Conrad, 2006, with Recent species from Uetz, Etzold & Chenna, 1995– [“The Reptile Database” (former EMBL Reptile Database)

Alternative phylogeny after Conrad, Ast, Montanari & Norell, 2011

Alternative phylogeny after Evans, Raia & Barbera, 2006

Alternative phylogeny after Conrad, 2006

<==o Anguimorpha Fürbringer, 1900 [all autarchoglossans closer to Varanus & Anguis than Scincus] |?- †Eolacerta robusta Nöth, 1940 [however, see **Lacertidae for alternative position] |?- †Paravaranus angustifrons Borsuk-Bialynicka, 1984 [Paravaranidae Borsuk-Bialynicka, 1984] |-- Platynota Camp, 1923 (varaanintapaiset liskot; Varanus-like lizards) --o Anguoidea Gray, 1825 [Anguioidea Fitzinger 1826] (vaskitsansukuiset liskot) |--o †_Dorsetisaurus_ Hoffstetter, 1967 [Dorsetisauridae Hoffstetter, 1967] | |-- †_D. hebetidens_ Hoffstetter, 1967 | -- †D. purbeckensis Hoffstetter 1967 [Introrsisaurus pollicidens Seiffert, 1975] |?- †Chometokadmon fitzingeri Costa, 1864 [incl. Lacerta brevicauda Costa, 1866 sensu D'Erasmo, 1915] L.Cret. SEu. |?- †Restes rugosus Gauthier, 1982 --o “Xenosauridae” _sensu lato_ [paraphyletic] |-- †_Oxia karakalpakiensis_ Nesov, 1985 |--o Xenosauridae _sensu stricto_ [Conrad, 2006] [Xenosauridae: Xenosaurinae] | |--o †_Exostinus_ Cope, 1873 [_Harpagosaurus_ Gilmore, 1928; _Prionosaurus_ Gilmore, 1928] | | |-- †_E. lancensis_ Gilmore, 1928 [_Harpagosaurus parvus_ Gilmore, 1928; _Prionosaurus regularis_ Gilmore, 1928] | | -- †E. serratus Cope, 1873 | --o _Xenosaurus_ Cope, 1867 [**[taxonomic history](history%5FXenosaurus.html)**] (kyhmyliskot) | |--o _X. grandis_ (Gray, 1856) [**[taxonomic history](history%5FXenosaurus.html#X%5Fgrandis)**] | | |-- _X. g. rackhami_ Stuart, 1941 | | |-- _X. g. agrenon_ King & Thompson, 1968 | | |-- _X. g. arboreus_ Lynch & Smith, 1965 | | |-- _X. g. grandis_ (Gray, 1856) | | -- X. g. sanmartinensis Werler & Shannon, 1961 | |-- X. newmanorum Taylor, 1949 [**taxonomic history] | |-- X. platyceps King & Thompson, 1968 [taxonomic history] | |-- X. rectocollaris Smith & Iverson, 1993 [taxonomic history] | -- _X. penai_ Pérez Ramos, de la Riva & Campbell, 2000 [**[taxonomic history](history%5FXenosaurus.html#X%5Fpenai)**] --+--o Shinisauridae Ahl, 1930 sensu Conrad, 2006 [Xenosauridae: Shinisaurinae Ahl, 1930] | |-- †Bahndwivici ammoskius Conrad, 2006; L.Eoc. WNAm. | -- _Shinisaurus crocodilurus_ Ahl, 1930; R. SEAs. (Chinese crocodile lizard; kiinankyhmylisko) --o Anguidae Gray, 1825 sensu Conrad & Norrell, 2008 [incl. Bainguidae Borsuk-Bialynicka, 1984; Anniellidae Boulenger, 1885; Diploglossidae Boucourt 1873] (vaskitsat) |?- †Bainguis parvus Borsuk-Bialynicka, 1984 [Bainguidae Borsuk-Bialynicka, 1984] |-- Diploglossidae Boucourt, 1873 `-- Anguidae Gray, 1825

| After Conrad, Ast, Montanari & Norell, 2011 **<==**o Anguimorpha |-- †Eolacerta `--+-- †Dorsetisaurus_ `--+-- †_Yabeinosaurus `--+--+-- Monstersauria | `--+== Carusioidea | `-- Anguidae `--o Platynota | --o Shinisauria | | -- †Dalinghosaurus | `--+-- †Merkurosaurus_ | `--o Shinisauridae | | -- †_Bahndwivici | `-- Shinisaurus_ `--o Varanoidea (sensu lato) | -- †_Parasaniwa `--+-- †Parviderma_ `-- Varanoidea (sensu stricto) Reference(s): Conrad, J. L., Ast, J. C., Montanari, S. & Norell, M. A., 2011: A combined evidence phylogenetic analysis of Anguimorpha (Reptilia: Squamata).–Cladistics: Vol. 27, #3, pp. 230-277 [**doi: 10.1111/j.1096-0031.2010.00330.x**] | After Evans, Raia & Barbera, 2006 **<==**o Anguimorpha |-- †_Parviraptor `--+--o †Dorsetisauridae | `-- †Dorsetisaurus `--+-- †Chometokadmon_ `--+-- Xenosauridae `--+-- Anguidae `-- Platynota Reference(s): Evans, S. E., Raia, P. & Barbera, C., 2006: The lower Cretaceous lizard genus Chometokadmon_ from Italy.–Cretaceous Research: Vol. 27, pp. 673-683 | After Conrad, 2006 **<==**o Anguimorpha |--o †Carusiidae | `-- †_Carusia `--+-- †_Restes | --o Xenosauridae | | -- †Exostinus | `-- Xenosaurus_ `--+--+-- †_Peltosaurus | `-- Anguidae `--o Platynota | --o Shinisauria | `--o Shinisauridae | | -- †Bahndwivici_ | `-- Shinisaurus_ `--+-- †_Parasaniwa `--+-- †_Parviderma `-- Varanoidea Reference(s): Conrad, J. L., 2006: An Eocene shinisaurid (Reptilia, Squamata) from Wyoming, U.S.A.–Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology: Vol. 26, #1, pp. 113-126 | | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------ | ----------------------------------------- | --------------- | | -------------------- | ------------------------ | ------------------- | | ----------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------ | ------------------------------------ | ---------------- | | --------------- | ------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------- | --------------- | ------------------- | | ----------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |

Reference(s):

• Alifanov, V. R., 2016: Lizards of the family Hodzhakuliidae (Scincomorpha) from the lower Cretaceous of Mongolia.
  –Paleontological Journal: Vol. 50, #5, pp. 504-513 [**doi: 10.1134/s0031030116050038**]
• Caldwell, M. W., 1999: Squamate phylogeny and the relationships of snakes and mosasauroids.
  –Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society; Vol. 125, pp. 115-147
• Carroll, R. L., 1988: Vertebrate paleontology and evolution.
  –W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698
• Carroll, R. L., 1988: Appendix. 594-648.
  in Carroll, R. L. 1988: Vertebrate paleontology and evolution.
  –W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698
• Conrad, J. L., 2006: An Eocene shinisaurid (Reptilia, Squamata) from Wyoming, U.S.A.
  –Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology: Vol. 26, #1, pp. 113-126
• Evans, S. E. & Barbadillo, J., 1997: Early Cretaceous lizards from Las Hoyas, Spain.
  –Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society: Vol. 119, #1, pp. 23-49.
• Evans, S. E., Raia, P. & Barbera, C., 2006: The lower Cretaceous lizard genus Chometokadmon from Italy.
  –Cretaceous Research: Vol. 27, pp. 673-683
• Müller, J., 2001: Osteology and relationships of Eolacerta robusta, a lizard from the Middle Eocene of Germany (Reptilia, Squamata).
  –Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology: Vol. 21, #2, pp. 261-278
• Rieppel, O. 1994: The Lepidosauromorpha: an overview with special emphasis on the Squamata. 23-37.
  in Fraser, N. C. & Sues, H-D. 1994: In the Shadow of the Dinosaurs.
  –Cambridge University Press, New York. 1994
• Uetz, P., Etzold, T. & Chenna, R. (eds.), 1995-2000: The Reptile Database [former “EMBL Reptile Database”].
  –iNet: http://www.reptile-database.org/