Braithwaiteite (original) (raw)
A valid IMA mineral species
About BraithwaiteiteHide
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Formula:
NaCu5(Ti4+Sb5+)(AsO4)4(HAsO4)2O2 · 8H2O
Ti and Sb disordered on same crystal site: ratio is 0.87:1.13 in type material.
Name:
Named in 2009 by Werner H. Paar, Mark A. Cooper, Frank C. Hawthorne, Elizabeth Moffatt, Mickey E. Gunter, Andrew C. Roberts, and Pete J. Dunn in honour of Richard S. W. Braithwaite [1930-], a British mineral spectroscopist and professor at the University of Manchester, United Kingdom.
Unique IdentifiersHide
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Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:31499:0
b824c1bc-0bb4-4775-bcab-9c1c361122a2
IMA Classification of BraithwaiteiteHide
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IMA Formula:
NaCu2+5(Sb5+Ti4+)O2(AsO4)4[AsO3(OH)]2 · 8H2O
Classification of BraithwaiteiteHide
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8.DB.75
8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
D : Phosphates, etc. with additional anions, with H2O
B : With only medium-sized cations, (OH, etc.):RO4< 1:1
39.3.16.
39 : HYDRATED ACID PHOSPHATES,ARSENATES AND VANADATES
3 : Miscellaneous
Mineral SymbolsHide
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As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Bwt | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Pronunciation of BraithwaiteiteHide
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Pronunciation:
| Play | Recorded by | Country |
|---|---|---|
| Sorry, your browser doesn't support HTML5 audio. | Jolyon Ralph | United Kingdom |
Physical Properties of BraithwaiteiteHide
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Fracture:
Irregular/Uneven
Density:
3.442 g/cm3 (Measured) 3.753 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of BraithwaiteiteHide
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RI values:
_n_α = 1.698 _n_β = 1.758 _n_γ = 1.784
2V:
Measured: 59° , Calculated: 65°
δ = 0.085
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Optical Extinction:
X ∧ a = 20.5°, X ∧ b = 109.2°, X ∧ c = 110.8°.
Y ∧ a = 69.5°, Y ∧ b = 42.3°, Y ∧ c = 79.9°.
Z ∧ a = 88.4°, Z ∧ b = 125.9°, Z ∧ c = 23.4°.
Comments:
X = Y = pale blue, Z = greenish blue.
Comments:
Absorption: X = Y < Z.
Chemistry of BraithwaiteiteHide
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Mindat Formula:
NaCu5(Ti4+Sb5+)(AsO4)4(HAsO4)2O2 · 8H2O
Ti and Sb disordered on same crystal site: ratio is 0.87:1.13 in type material.
Crystallography of BraithwaiteiteHide
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Class (H-M):
1 - Pinacoidal
Cell Parameters:
a = 7.0308 Å, b = 9.8823 Å, c = 10.6754 Å
α = 106.973°, β = 104.274°, γ = 93.839°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.711 : 1 : 1.08
Unit Cell V:
679.76 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Morphology:
Lath-like. Forms include {100}, {103}, {001}, {203}.
Crystal StructureHide
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| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0013021 | Braithwaiteite | Hawthorne F C, Cooper M A, Paar W H (2008) The crystal structure of braithwaiteite Journal of Coordination Chemistry 61 15-29 | 2008 | Black Vein, Laurani, Bolivia | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide
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Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 9.825 Å | (100) |
| 9.334 Å | (10) |
| 5.887 Å | (50) |
| 5.454 Å | (15) |
| 5.075 Å | (20) |
| 4.635 Å | (30) |
| 4.109 Å | (20) |
| 3.674 Å | (25) |
| 3.601 Å | (3) |
| 3.503 Å | (20) |
| 3.354 Å | (30) |
| 3.232 Å | (30) |
| 3.195 Å | (5) |
| 3.105 Å | (20) |
| 3.020 Å | (5) |
| 2.947 Å | (60) |
| 2.858 Å | (10) |
| 2.812 Å | (3) |
| 2.736 Å | (30 |
| 2.633 Å | (3) |
| 2.589 Å | (5) |
| 2.548 Å | (5) |
| 2.524 Å | (10) |
| 2.442 Å | (30b) |
Geological EnvironmentHide
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Type Occurrence of BraithwaiteiteHide
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General Appearance of Type Material:
Small dark sky-blue bladed crystals or masses.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Canadian Museum of Nature, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, number CMNMC 86085.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Oxidized portion of an epithermal vein deposit.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Synonyms of BraithwaiteiteHide
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Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide
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| 8.DB. | Arangasite | Al2F(PO4)(SO4) · 9H2O | Mon. 2/m : _P_2/b |
|---|---|---|---|
| 8.DB. | Camaronesite | [Fe3+(H2O)2(PO3OH)]2(SO4) · 1-2H2O | Trig. 32 : _R_32 |
| 8.DB. | Höslite | Fe3+3(VO4)2(SO4)(OH)(H2O)4 · 3H2O | Mon. 2/m : _P_21/b |
| 8.DB.05 | Diadochite | Fe3+2(PO4)(SO4)(OH) · 6H2O | Amor. |
| 8.DB.05 | Pitticite | (Fe, AsO4, H2O) (?) | Amor. |
| 8.DB.05 | Destinezite | Fe3+2(PO4)(SO4)(OH) · 6H2O | Tric. 1 : _P_1 |
| 8.DB.07 | Wilhelmgümbelite | ZnFe2+Fe3+3(PO4)3(OH)4(H2O)5 · 2H2O | Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m ) |
| 8.DB.07 | Schmidite | [Zn2(Fe3+,Mn2+)2Fe3+(PO4)3(OH)3(H2O)6] · 2H2O | Orth. |
| 8.DB.07 | Wildenauerite | Zn(Fe3+,Mn2+)2MnFe3+(PO4)3(OH)3(H2O)6 · 2H2O | Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m ) : P b a m |
| 8.DB.10 | Vashegyite | Al11(PO4)9(OH)6 · 38H2O | Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m ) |
| 8.DB.15 | Schoonerite | ZnMn2+Fe2+2Fe3+(PO4)3(OH)2 · 9H2O | Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m ) : P b a m |
| 8.DB.20 | Sinkankasite | Mn2+Al(PO3OH)2(OH) · 6H2O | Tric. 1 : _P_1 |
| 8.DB.25 | Mitryaevaite | Al6(PO4)((P,S)O3(OH,O))2F2(OH)2 · 14.5H2O | Tric. 1 : _P_1 |
| 8.DB.30 | Sanjuanite | Al2(PO4)(SO4)(OH) · 9H2O | Tric. |
| 8.DB.35 | Sarmientite | Fe3+2(AsO4)(SO4)(OH) · 5H2O | Mon. 2/m : _P_21/b |
| 8.DB.40 | Bukovskýite | Fe3+2(AsO4)(SO4)(OH) · 9H2O | Tric. 1 : _P_1 |
| 8.DB.40 | Flurlite | Zn3Mn2+Fe3+(PO4)3(OH)2 · 9H2O | Mon. 2/m : _P_21/m |
| 8.DB.40 | Manganflurlite | ZnMn2+3Fe3+(PO4)3(OH)2(H2O)7 · 2H2O | Mon. 2/m : _P_21/m |
| 8.DB.42 | Bohuslavite | Fe3+4(PO4)3(SO4)(OH) · nH2O | Tric. 1 : _P_1 |
| 8.DB.45 | Zýkaite | Fe3+4(AsO4)3(SO4)(OH) · 15H2O | Orth. 222 : _P_222 |
| 8.DB.47 | Lapeyreite | Cu3O[AsO3(OH)]2 · 0.75H2O | Mon. 2/m : _B_2/m |
| 8.DB.50 | Giniite | Fe2+Fe3+4(PO4)3(OH)5 · 2H2O | Mon. 2/m : _P_2/b |
| 8.DB.50 | Rossiantonite | Al3(PO4)(SO4)2(OH)2(H2O)14 | Tric. 1 : _P_1 |
| 8.DB.52 | Arctowskite | Al9(PO4)8(OH)3 · 27H2O | Orth. |
| 8.DB.55 | Sasaite | (Al,Fe3+)14(PO4)11(SO4)(OH)7 · 83H2O | Orth. |
| 8.DB.60 | Mcauslanite | Fe3Al2(PO4)3(PO3OH)F · 18H2O | Tric. |
| 8.DB.65 | Goldquarryite | CuCd2Al3(PO4)4F2(H2O,F)2 · 10H2O | Tric. 1 : _P_1 |
| 8.DB.70 | Birchite | Cd2Cu2(PO4)2(SO4) · 5H2O | Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m ) : P n m a |
Fluorescence of BraithwaiteiteHide
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Other InformationHide
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Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for BraithwaiteiteHide
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References for BraithwaiteiteHide
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Reference List:
Paar, W. H., Cooper, M. A., Hawthorne, F. C., Moffatt, E., Gunter, M. E., Roberts, A. C., Dunn, P. J. (2009) Braithwaiteite, NaCu5(TiSb)O2(AsO4)4[AsO3(OH)]2(H2O)8, a new mineral species from Laurani, Bolivia. The Canadian Mineralogist, 47 (4) 947-952 doi:10.3749/canmin.47.4.947
Localities for BraithwaiteiteHide
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This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the 
symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
Locality ListHide
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- This locality has map coordinates listed. - This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. 
- Good crystals or important locality for species. 
- World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
| Bolivia (TL) | |
|---|---|
| La Paz Aroma Province Laurani District ⓘ Laurani Mine (TL) | Canadian Mineralogist 47 (2009) |