HP-UX (original) (raw)

summary

HP-UX is a UNIX-based† operating system made by Hewlett-Packard that runs on HP PA RISC.

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further reading: books on HP/UX

Intended purpose

server/mainframe: small to large scale servers; database servers; mainframes

desktop/workstation: workstations (for those with UNIX familiarity)

handheld: not appropriate

real time: not appropriate

Kind of OS: proprietary System V Release 4-based UNIX †e121

Release Date: 1986w24 (see complete list of release dates at http://www.software.hp.com/HPUX-RDMP/history/slide1.htm, “HP-UX Release History”)

Current Version: 11iw85

Cost:

Hardware Supported: HP PA-RISC (HP9000 workstations and serversw36), HP Focus (HP9000/500 family)e105, Motorola 680x0 (HP9000/300 family)e105

“HP-UX started earlier than 1986 on their hp9000/500 family, with the HP Focus CPU, it was a multi CPU system, up to 7 CPUs in one box. Then came the HP9000/300 family, these where workstations, also running HP-UX. These where built on the Motorola 680X0 CPU. After that HP introduced the HP9000/400 family also called Apollo, since they merged with them. At this time the PA-RISC based HP-UX came along. The 300 and 400 family was supported up to HP-UX 9.10, this included some of the new things in HP-UX 10.X.” —Erkkie105

680x0 assembly language is discussed in the assembly language section.

Maximum Number of Processors: 128 for 11.10 and later; 32 for 11.00

Number of bits: 64w43 (64 or 32 bits for 11.00 or later; 32 bits for earlier than 11.00)

“Digital UNIX continues to dominate the 64-bit arena, leaving HP-UX and IRIX to contest the second position, followed closely by AIX. Solaris and NT trail significantly behind. HP, having progressed about halfway through its hardware transition to 64-bits, also offering good backwards compatibility for 32-bit applications.” —D.H. Brown Associatesw43 †

Kernel:

POSIX: compatible

Peripherals:

File Systems Supported:

preferred file system: VxFSe40
file systems can read/write/format: VxFSe40, jfse40, hfse40, LIFe42
file systems can read/write: FATe40, UFSe40, BFFSe40, NFSe40
file systems read only and can write through optional software: ISO 9660 (Level 1 only)e40
file systems can read/write through third party or optional software: AFSe40, DFSe118, SMBe40
file systems read only through third party or optional software: RockRidgee42 (“pfs* utils [RockRidge Interchange and High Sierra], which is licensed from Young Minds, Inc, is included for free in all HP-UX from 10.0 and later”)e105

“On-line file systems and volume management: HP-UX 11i provides simple and flexible file system and volume management tools that let you manage your environment dynamically — expand your file system, create virtual volumes, and add new hardware components quickly.” —HP-UX 11i Manageabilityw86 †

Other Systems Emulated:

Graphics Engine:

Text Command Shell: UNIX shells

User Interface (graphic):

Visual User Environment (VUE)
Common Desktop Environment (CDE)

“VUE has been replaced with CDE, which debuted with HP-UX 10.10. Starting with 10.20, CDE became the default windowing environment, though VUE was still provided as an option. As of 11.00, VUE is no longer part of HP-UX. The design of the CDE desktop incorporates and enhances many HP VUE features. Although the CDE desktop has a similar appearance to HP VUE, there are important differences. The differences include:” —comp.sys.hp.hpux FAQw75

New and more customizable Front Panel

Graphical MIME-enabled mail application

Graphical Calendar

Graphical Print Queue Manager

New terminal emulator

Action and datatype syntax changes

ToolTalk messaging support

Desktop application registration

Graphic Command Shell:

Internet Services:

Businesses and organizations with servers powered by HP-UX: HP (Hewlett Packard), Wal-Martw52

http://www.join.com “JOIN DHCP/DDNS” commercial integrated DHCP and DDNS servers from Join Systems for DHCP and BootP clients running on SunOS 4.x, Solaris 2.x SPARC and x86, Digital UNIX, HP-UX 10.x using Motif GUI, evaluation copies available online.

http://www.baynetworks.com/Products/nav/f_netid_3_0.html “NetID” commercial DHCP/DDNS server from Bay Networks that runs on Solaris, HP-UX, Windows NT 4.0, and Windows 95; links into Oracle and Sybase, with tools for managing IP addresses.

HP provides strong Internet support within HP-UX, bolstered by its good showing in advanced Internet protocol function and network security, while lagging behind in support for advanced NFS capability. HP-UX, along with AIX, has also established a lead in supporting NDS.” —Digital Equipment Corporation, “AIX 4.3 Leaps To 64-Bits In Dead Heat With Digital UNIX 4.0”w51

See also chart of internet features.

Security:

Safely leveraging internet opportunities

HP-UX 11i is a highly secure commercial UNIX operating system that provides the fortification your e-business needs to prevail against hacking and cyber attacks. Designed to enable this new era of Internet-based technologies and e-security, HP-UX 11i can meet your security requirements in the areas of policy, authorization and access control, identification and authentication, audit and alarms, and privacy and integrity.w87

» System security
» Network security
» Directory enabled computing
» Netscape Directory Server v6.2 for hp-ux
» HP-UX 11i additional security technologies
» HP-UX 11i system security features and benefits summary table

System security

Host Intrusion Detection System (HIDS)
Host Intrusion Detection System (HIDS) is a standard feature of HP-UX 11i security capabilities, making HP the only systems vendor to offer its own host intrusion detection product. HIDS enhances host-level security with near real-time automatic monitoring of each configured host for signs of potentially damaging intrusions.w87

» HP-UX HIDS solutions brief (147KB, PDF)
» Download HIDS

Other system security highlights include:

Stack buffer overflow protection—uses a combination of highly efficient software and existing memory management hardware to protect against both known and unknown stack buffer overflow attacks. Eliminates need to modify a program’s code to get stack buffer overflow protection, unlike other products that require time-consuming program modifications, recompilation, or relinking.w87

» Stack buffer overflow protection in HP-UX 11i white paper (104KB, PDF, 11/01)

Security patch check—Perl script that performs analysis of file sets and patches installed on an HP-UX machine and generates a report of recommended security patches.w87

HP-UX Bastille—is a security hardening/lockdown tool that enhances the security of an HP-UX Unix host. It accommodates the various degrees of hardening required of servers used for webs, applications and databases. By answering a series of security and usability questions, the server is tightened appropriately for its use. It configures daemons, system settings, and firewalls to be more secure. It turns off unneeded services such as pwgrd and printing, and it configures client software such as rcp and rlogin to be more secure. It also helps create “chroot jails” that help limit the vulnerability of common Internet services such as Web servers and DNS.w87

» Download this software

HP-UX Install-Time Security
Install-time Security (ITS) is available to HP-UX 11i version 2 customers as an install option to lockdown systems during installation. ITS makes HP-UX more secure out-of-the-box when customers select higher security levels. There are four choices, including a maximum compatibility level which provides security tools, but doesn’t apply a security level, because they represent tradeoffs between security, functionality, productivity, and usability.w87
When the customer selects a level, Bastille will fit it to their system. Here are some examples of what ITS does:

Run Security Patch Check and setup a cron job to help them become and stay current with security patches announced in security bulletins.w87

Configure IPFilter at higher security levels to block incoming network connections. A new Bastille HP-UX11iv2 feature.w87

Shutdown services with security tradeoffs. — Enhanced in HP-UX 11iv2w87

Allow, at customer option, select authenticated management network connections into the machine.w87
The security level choices for Install-time Security are:

Tools Only — Installs HP-UX Bastille, Security Patch Check, HP-UX Secure Shell, and HP-UX IPFilter for the customers later use either individually or by running Bastille interactively.w87

Host, — Performs roughly 50 host-based lockdown including turning off many services with security tradeoffs other than telnet and ftp, and many settings to their more secure state.w87

DMZ applies the Host level then disables telnet and ftp. It then uses IPFilter to block all inbound network connections except Secure Shell. This level is suitable for deployment in a network De-Militarized Zone: a firewall-protected “neutral zone” typically between the Internet and an intranet. It does this by implementing the automatable portions of the General Configuration Policy section of the SANS consensus model “Internet DMZ Equipment Policy.”w87

Managed DMZ. This level is the same as DMZ but allows select authenticated management protocols inbound.w87
Install-time Security is available in the foundation HP-UX 11i version 2.

Certification — HP-UX 11i is Hewlett-Packard’s UNIX®-based operating environment specifically targeted at Internet applications. HP-UX 11i delivers an end-to-end scalable, manageable, and secure infrastructure for developing, deploying, and brokering mission-critical e-services. HP-UX 11.11 is evaluated and certified to the Common Criteria evaluation assurance level EAL4, against the functional requirements in the Controlled Access Protection Profile (EAL4-CAPP). The target environment is for systems that may execute on a single HP 9000 Server or be connected to other HP 9000 Servers identically configured to form a local distributed system implementing a unified security policy. The details can be viewed at http://niap.nist.gov/cc-scheme/vpl_type.html.w87
HP also offers a version of HP-UX that is B1 certified.

Network security

HP demonstrates its commitment to network security with HP-UX 11i’s rich set of standards-based and directory-enabled network security features that enable you to build your e-business without compromising corporate security:w87

» Network security features of HP-UX 11i white paper (560KB, PDF, 02/04)

HP-UX kerberos server—provides key distribution facilities to implement the Kerberos authentication protocol in network-distributed enterprises.

» HP-UX kerberos server white paper (627KB, PDF)
» HP-UX kerberos server product brief (105KB, PDF)
» Download this software

HP-UX ipsec—provides secure and private communication over the Internet and within the enterprise-without modifying existing applications.w87

» Download this software

HP-UX ipfilter—is a stateful firewall system that filters IP packets to control packet flow in or out of the system. It works as a security defense by minimizing the number of exposure points on a system.w87

» HP ipfilter solutions brief (64.3KB, PDF)
» Download this software

HP-UX AAA server provides authentication, authorization, and accounting services using the RADIUS protocol; enables service providers or enterprises to authenticate users and then account for time and billing use of network services. In addition to the features described in the product brief, release 6.1.x provides the following new features:w87

Support for the following major wireless-LAN authentication types: PEAP, TLS, TTLS, GTC, MSCHAP (in addition to already supported LEAP, MD5)w87

A GUI wireless LAN Advisor provides instructions to configure user based authentication and WEP/WPA key distribution in a wireless LAN environment. This “Advisor” is an HTML tutorial/help system that simplifies the process for securing WLANs with the AAA server.w87

“Self-signed” AAA server digital certificates created during installation. Users now deploy a secured TTLS and PEAP environment without a having to generate digital certificatesw87

DHCP Interface. The AAA server can now assign IP addresses generated by a DHCP server.w87

Support for Microsoft NT domain name syntax. Users can authenticate with either the standard network access identifier syntax (user@domain) or NT domain syntax (domain\user).w87

» HP-UX AAA server product brief (174KB, PDF)
» Designing a secure wireless LAN with the HP-UX AAA RADIUS server (HP-UX 11.0, HP-UX 11i v1, HP-UX 11i v2) (4.9MB, PDF, 02/04)
» Introduction to diameter (HP-UX 11.0, HP-UX 11i v1) (PDF)
» Executive briefing: wireless network security (HP-UX 11.0, HP-UX 11i v1) (PDF)
» Download this software

HP-UX mobile AAA server—HP-UX mobile AAA server is a wireless data authenticator based on the emerging Diameter protocol. This advanced implementation provides authentication, authorization, and accounting (AAA) functions in 3GPP2 wireless data networks. It is the first Diameter implementation available, and is designed for next generation mobile operators and OEMs for use in 3G wireless test labs.w87

HP-UX secure shell—HP-UX Secure Shell is a powerful software-based approach to encrypted network security. It provides secured remote login. Data sent over the network is encrypted by SSH-1 or SSH-2 protocols and decrypted once it reaches its destination.w87

New Features in HP-UX Secure Shell A.03.50.000

Privilege separation

Enhanced ls support for sftp

SSH protocol enhancements

Download this software

Directory-enabled computing

As your enterprise extends outward to include partners, customers and suppliers for information sharing and increased collaboration, you need the protection to allow only the right people in. HP provides this added protection through directory-enabled computing. HP includes Netscape Directory Server for HP-UX with the HP-UX 11i operating environment.w87

In addition, LDAP Services are integrated through LDAP UX integration. LDAP is integrated with:w87

Local OS login authorization as pam_authz

Cluster management

With sendmail

With BIND 9.2.0

With NIS

With Network Quality of Service (QoS) management

With Virtual Private Network (VPN) management

AAA (RADIUS) Server

» Download this software

NIS+ Server is available as a directory server.w87

Netscape Directory Server V6.2 for hp-ux

Netscape Directory Server for hp-ux is an LDAP server that centralizes application settings, user profiles, group data, policies, and access control information into a network-based registry. Directory Server simplifies user management by eliminating data redundancy and automating data maintenance. It also improves security enabling administrators to store policies and access control information in the directory for a single authentication source across enterprise or extranet applications.w87

» Netscape Directory Server for hp-ux (104KB, PDF)
» Download this software

Novell eDirectory for hp-ux

Novell® eDirectory™ is the foundation for the world’s largest identity management deployments-allowing businesses to manage identities and control access for employees, customers and partners. With Novell eDirectory, the industry’s first and most advanced full-service directory, businesses lay the groundwork for complete secure identity management solutions and multi-platform network services. Now HP-UX customers can implement this popular directory on systems running the HP-UX operating system.w87

» Learn more at the Novell eDirectroy web site
» Download this software

HP-UX 11i additional security technologies:

HP-UX PAM Kerberos is implemented under the PAM (Pluggable Authentication Module) framework. PAM gives the system administrators the flexibility of choosing any authentication service available on the system to perform.w87

» Download this software

LDAP-UX integration
LDAP-UX Integration for HP-UX is bundle consisting of two products, which provide access to the directory services of an LDAP directory server. These are NIS/LDAP Gateway and LDAP-UX Client Services.w87

» Integrating HP-UX 11.x account management and authentication with Microsoft Windows 2000 (HP-UX 11.0, HP-UX 11i v1) (PDF)
» Integrating HP-UX account management and authentication with LDAP (PDF)
» Download this software

HP-UX 11i system security features and benefitsw87

HP-UX secure shell Encrypts all traffic (including passwords) to effectively eliminate eavesdropping, connection hijacking, and other network-level attacks Provides a myriad of secure tunneling capabilities Protects a variety of authentication methods Secure remote logins Secure file transfer Secure remote commands execution Authenticate users using keys and agents Access control Port forwarding (tunneling)

HP-UX bastille Answer security questions Answer usability questions Lock-down appropriate to hp-ux server use Produce a profile script Use the script to harden many servers in the same category

Stack buffer overflow protection Uses a combination of highly efficient software and existing memory management hardware to protect against both known and unknown stack buffer overflow attacks. Eliminates need to modify a program’s code to get stack buffer overflow protection, unlike other products that require time-consuming program modifications, recompilation or relinking Provides a “trial mode” that can be used to gain confidence that it will not interfere with legitimate applications Provides a “zone bypass” feature that allows application owners to mark their binaries as having a legitimate need to execute code located on their stack(s) Programs so marked are exempt from the HP-UX stack buffer overflow protection

Security_Patch_Check Perl script that performs analysis of file sets and patches installed on an HP-UX machine and generates a report of recommended security patches

Access Control List (ACL) Stores a series of entries that identify specific users or groups and their access privileges for a directory or file Specifies detailed access permissions for multiple users and groups Supports Journaled File System (JFS 3.3)

Generic Security Services Application Programming Interface (GSS API) Contains all the GSS APIs in RFC 2743 and is implemented as C programming language interfaces Provides security services for client/server applications independent of various underlying security mechanisms and communication protocols, including authentication, integrity and confidentiality services Enables application developers writing secure applications to write code only once, eliminating need to change it whenever the underlying security mechanism changes

Sendmail-8.9.3 Uses the first sendmail release to include anti-spam rule sets, which give mail administrators significantly more power to reduce spam

Cryptographic algorithms HP implementation of RSA cryptographic algorithms for DES and Triple-DES uses advanced features in the enhanced assembly language for PA-RISC 2.0 that takes advantage of 64-bit registers Achieves almost twice the encryption speed of other leading software implementations

HP-UX 11i network security features and benefitsw87

HP-UX IPSec Provides secure and private communication over the Internet and within the enterprise-without modifying existing applications Incorporates Internet Key Exchange (IKE) as an automated protocol for dynamically negotiating the IPSec parameters. IKE provides dynamic secret key generation and exchange for IPSec and allows for scalability Interoperates with over 25 other IPSec implementations, including those of Cisco Systems and Microsoft®

HP-UX IPFilter A stateful inspection host-based firewall system that provides filtering of selected IP traffic and streaming UDP protocols into or out of the system

HP-UX Kerberos server Provides key distribution facilities to implement the Kerberos authentication protocol in network-distributed enterprises Provides strong authentication for client/server applications by using secret-key cryptography Enables encryption of all communications to assure privacy and data integrity Provides the foundation for secure single sign-on to applications and multi-platform resources

HP-UX AAA server Provides authentication, authorization and accounting services using the RADIUS protocol Enables service providers or enterprises to authenticate users and then account for time and billing use of network services Supports EAP (Extensible Authentication Protocol) for Wireless LAN Security

Pluggable Authentication Modules (PAM) Industry-standard authentication framework gives system administrators the flexibility to choose any authentication service available on the system Allows new authentication service modules to be plugged in and made available without modifying the applications

BIND9.2.0 Provides data integrity and authentication to applications using cryptographic digital signature Prevents non-authorized access to DNS and prevents name-to-address mapping tampering over the wire Restricts DHCP updates to those authorized to perform them Guarantees the integrity of zone data using digital signatures

HP-UX 11i system security features and benefitsw87
HP-UX secure shell	Encrypts all traffic (including passwords) to effectively eliminate eavesdropping, connection hijacking, and other network-level attacks Provides a myriad of secure tunneling capabilities Protects a variety of authentication methods Secure remote logins Secure file transfer Secure remote commands execution Authenticate users using keys and agents Access control Port forwarding (tunneling)
HP-UX bastille	Answer security questions Answer usability questions Lock-down appropriate to hp-ux server use Produce a profile script Use the script to harden many servers in the same category
Stack buffer overflow protection	Uses a combination of highly efficient software and existing memory management hardware to protect against both known and unknown stack buffer overflow attacks. Eliminates need to modify a program’s code to get stack buffer overflow protection, unlike other products that require time-consuming program modifications, recompilation or relinking Provides a “trial mode” that can be used to gain confidence that it will not interfere with legitimate applications Provides a “zone bypass” feature that allows application owners to mark their binaries as having a legitimate need to execute code located on their stack(s) Programs so marked are exempt from the HP-UX stack buffer overflow protection
Security_Patch_Check	Perl script that performs analysis of file sets and patches installed on an HP-UX machine and generates a report of recommended security patches
Access Control List (ACL)	Stores a series of entries that identify specific users or groups and their access privileges for a directory or file Specifies detailed access permissions for multiple users and groups Supports Journaled File System (JFS 3.3)
Generic Security Services Application Programming Interface (GSS API)	Contains all the GSS APIs in RFC 2743 and is implemented as C programming language interfaces Provides security services for client/server applications independent of various underlying security mechanisms and communication protocols, including authentication, integrity and confidentiality services Enables application developers writing secure applications to write code only once, eliminating need to change it whenever the underlying security mechanism changes
Sendmail-8.9.3	Uses the first sendmail release to include anti-spam rule sets, which give mail administrators significantly more power to reduce spam
Cryptographic algorithms	HP implementation of RSA cryptographic algorithms for DES and Triple-DES uses advanced features in the enhanced assembly language for PA-RISC 2.0 that takes advantage of 64-bit registers Achieves almost twice the encryption speed of other leading software implementations

HP-UX 11i network security features and benefitsw87
HP-UX IPSec	Provides secure and private communication over the Internet and within the enterprise-without modifying existing applications Incorporates Internet Key Exchange (IKE) as an automated protocol for dynamically negotiating the IPSec parameters. IKE provides dynamic secret key generation and exchange for IPSec and allows for scalability Interoperates with over 25 other IPSec implementations, including those of Cisco Systems and Microsoft®
HP-UX IPFilter	A stateful inspection host-based firewall system that provides filtering of selected IP traffic and streaming UDP protocols into or out of the system
HP-UX Kerberos server	Provides key distribution facilities to implement the Kerberos authentication protocol in network-distributed enterprises Provides strong authentication for client/server applications by using secret-key cryptography Enables encryption of all communications to assure privacy and data integrity Provides the foundation for secure single sign-on to applications and multi-platform resources
HP-UX AAA server	Provides authentication, authorization and accounting services using the RADIUS protocol Enables service providers or enterprises to authenticate users and then account for time and billing use of network services Supports EAP (Extensible Authentication Protocol) for Wireless LAN Security
Pluggable Authentication Modules (PAM)	Industry-standard authentication framework gives system administrators the flexibility to choose any authentication service available on the system Allows new authentication service modules to be plugged in and made available without modifying the applications
BIND9.2.0	Provides data integrity and authentication to applications using cryptographic digital signature Prevents non-authorized access to DNS and prevents name-to-address mapping tampering over the wire Restricts DHCP updates to those authorized to perform them Guarantees the integrity of zone data using digital signatures

Other:

“HP-UX 11.0 rates just behind Digital and IBM, complementing its effective 64-bit implementation with a Web-based version of its system management GUI, and competitive reliability and scalability features.” —D.H. Brown Associatesw42 †

“Harnessing the demands of e-business. Designed for ease-of-use, power, multi-systems, and high availability, HP-UX 11i system management tools and products are designed to remove the complexity out of system administration. They provide extensive capabilities for allocating system resources among application loads. Hard and virtual (soft) partitions allow multiple instances of HP-UX 11i to exist within one server, enabling application-specific tuning.” —HP-UX 11i Manageabilityw86 †

references

geek humor

“If you’re a UNIX user, all UNIX are pretty much the same. If you’re a UNIX programmer, all UNIX are a little bit different. If you’re a UNIX system admin, all UNIX are completely different! That’s comming from ULTRIX, AIX, HP-UX, Solaris, and Digital UNIX experiences. Might as well count linux, too.” —Bob Koehler, Hubble Space Telescope Payload Flight Software Team

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Last Updated: March 25, 2004

Created: June 22, 1998

Click here to skip over the summaries of individual operating systems.

HP-UX (original) (raw)

summary

OSdata.com is used in more than 300 colleges and universities around the world

references

further reading: web sites

FAQs

user group web sites

further reading: books

further reading: books: introductory/general

further reading: books: internet

further reading: books: enterprise/business

further reading: books: content creation

further reading: books: programming

further reading: books: hardware

further reading: books: miscellaneous

geek humor

OSdata.com is used in more than 300 colleges and universities around the world

home page

peer level

HP-UX (original) (raw)

summary

OSdata.com is used in more than 300 colleges and universities around the world

references

further reading: web sites

FAQs

user group web sites

other related web sites

further reading: books

further reading: books: introductory/general

further reading: books: internet

further reading: books: enterprise/business

further reading: books: content creation

further reading: books: programming

further reading: books: hardware

further reading: books: miscellaneous

geek humor

OSdata.com is used in more than 300 colleges and universities around the world

home page

peer level