Countries D (original) (raw)
Contents of this page:
Denmark - Djibouti - Dominica - Dominican Republic
Dahomey: see Benin.
Damascus: see under Syria.
Danish West Indies: see Virgin Islands (U.S.).
Danzig: see under Poland.
Darfur: see under Sudan, The.
Demerara-Essequibo: see under Guyana.
Denmark
899 Kingdom of Denmark9 Apr 1940 - 5 May 1945 German occupation
Kings/Queens� - Oldenborg dynasty - 4 Sep 1699 - 12 Oct 1730 Frederik IV (b. 1671 - d. 1730) 12 Oct 1730 - 6 Aug 1746 Christian VI (b. 1699 - d. 1746) 6 Aug 1746 - 14 Jan 1766 Frederik V (b. 1723 - d. 1766) 14 Jan 1766 - 13 Mar 1808 Christian VII (b. 1749 - d. 1808) 13 Mar 1808 - 3 Dec 1839 Frederik VI (b. 1768 - d. 1839) 3 Dec 1839 - 20 Jan 1848 Christian VIII (b. 1786 - d. 1848) 20 Jan 1848 - 15 Nov 1863 Frederik VII (b. 1808 - d. 1863) - Gl�cksborg (in full: Slesvig-Holsten-S�nderborg-Gl�cksborg) dynasty - 15 Nov 1863 - 29 Jan 1906 Christian IX (b. 1818 - d. 1906) 29 Jan 1906 - 14 May 1912 Frederik VIII (b. 1843 - d. 1912) 14 May 1912 - 20 Apr 1947 Christian X (b. 1870 - d. 1947) 19 Oct 1942 - 15 May 1943 Crown Prince Frederik (regent) (b. 1899 - d. 1972) 20 Apr 1947 - 14 Jan 1972 Frederik IX (s.a.) 14 Jan 1972 - 14 Jan 2024 Margrethe II (f) (b. 1940) 14 Jan 2024 - Frederik X (b. 1968)
Grand chancellors 1699 - 31 Jul 1708 Conrad greve Reventlow (b. 1644 - d. 1708) 1721 - 1730 Ulrik Adolf greve Holstein (b. 1664 - d. 1737) Ministers of state (approximate designation for leading ministers) 1730 - 1735 Iver Rosenkrantz (b. 1674 - d. 1745) 1735 - 1751 Johan Ludvig (from 1746, greve) Holstein (b. 1694 - d. 1763) 1751 - 1770 Johann Hartwig Ernst greve af Bernstorff (b. 1712 - d. 1772) 1770 - 1772 Johann Friedrich greve Struensee (b. 1737 - d. 1772) 1772 - 1784 Ove H�egh-Guldberg (b. 1731 - d. 1808) 1784 - 21 Jun 1797 Andreas Peter greve af Bernstorff (b. 1735 - d. 1797) 1797 - 1810 Christian G�nther greve af Bernstorff (b. 1769 - d. 1835) 1810 - 1814 Frederik greve Moltke (b. 1754 - d. 1836) 1814 Frederik Julius Kaas (b. 1758 - d. 1827) 1814 - 1818 Joachim Godske greve Moltke (b. 1746 - d. 1818) 1818 - 1824 Ernst Heinrich greve af Schimmelmann (b. 1747 - d. 1831) 1824 - 1842 Otto Joachim greve Moltke (b. 1770 - d. 1853) 1842 - 1848 Poul Christian Stemann (b. 1764 - d. 1855) Prime ministers 22 Mar 1848 - 27 Jan 1852 Adam Wilhelm Moltke (b. 1785 - d. 1864) 27 Jan 1852 - 21 Apr 1853 Christian Albrecht Bluhme (1st time) (b. 1794 - d. 1866) 21 Apr 1853 - 12 Dec 1854 Anders Sand�e �rsted (b. 1778 - d. 1860) 12 Dec 1854 - 18 Oct 1856 Peter Georg Bang (b. 1797 - d. 1861) 18 Oct 1856 - 13 May 1857 Carl Christopher Georg Andr� (b. 1812 - d. 1893) 13 May 1857 - 2 Dec 1859 Carl Christian Hall (1st time) (b. 1812 - d. 1888) 2 Dec 1859 - 8 Feb 1860 Carl Edvard Rotwitt (b. 1812 - d. 1860) 8 Feb 1860 - 24 Feb 1860 Carl Axel Bror Blixen-Finecke (b. 1822 - d. 1873) (acting) 24 Feb 1860 - 31 Dec 1863 Carl Christian Hall (2nd time) (s.a.) 31 Dec 1863 - 11 Jul 1864 Ditlev Gothard Monrad (b. 1811 - d. 1887) 11 Jul 1864 - 6 Nov 1865 Christian Albrecht Bluhme (2nd time) (s.a.) 6 Nov 1865 - 28 May 1870 Christian Emil Krag-Juel-Vind-Frijs (b. 1817 - d. 1896) 28 May 1870 - 14 Jul 1874 Ludvig Holstein-Holsteinborg (b. 1815 - d. 1892) 14 Jul 1874 - 11 Jun 1875 Christen Andreas Fonnesbech (b. 1817 - d. 1880) 11 Jun 1875 - 7 Aug 1894 Jacob Br�nnum Scavenius Estrup (b. 1825 - d. 1913) 7 Aug 1894 - 23 May 1897 Tage Reedtz-Thott (b. 1839 - d. 1923) 23 May 1897 - 27 Apr 1900 Hugo Egmont H�rring (b. 1842 - d. 1909) 27 Apr 1900 - 24 Jul 1901 Hannibal Sehested (b. 1842 - d. 1924) 24 Jul 1901 - 14 Jan 1905 Johan Henrik Deuntzer (b. 1845 - d. 1918) 14 Jan 1905 - 11 Oct 1908 Jens Christian Christensen (b. 1856 - d. 1930) 11 Oct 1908 - 16 Aug 1909 Niels Neergaard (1st time) (b. 1854 - d. 1936) 16 Aug 1909 - 28 Oct 1909 Johan Ludvig Holstein-Ledreborg (b. 1839 - d. 1912) 28 Oct 1909 - 4 Jul 1910 Carl Theodor Zahle (1st time) (b. 1866 - d. 1946) 4 Jul 1910 - 21 Jun 1913 Klaus Berntsen (b. 1844 - d. 1927) 21 Jun 1913 - 30 Mar 1920 Carl Theodor Zahle (2nd time) (s.a.) 30 Mar 1920 - 5 Apr 1920 Otto Liebe (b. 1860 - d. 1929) 5 Apr 1920 - 5 May 1920 Michael Petersen Friis (b. 1857 - d. 1944) 5 May 1920 - 23 Apr 1924 Niels Neergaard (2nd time) (s.a.) 23 Apr 1924 - 13 Dec 1926 Thorvald Stauning (1st time) (b. 1873 - d. 1942) 13 Dec 1926 - 28 Apr 1929 Thomas Madsen-Mygdal (b. 1876 - d. 1943) 28 Apr 1929 - 3 May 1942 Thorvald Stauning (2nd time) (s.a.) 4 May 1942 - 9 Nov 1942 Vilhelm Buhl (1st time) (b. 1881 - d. 1954) 9 Nov 1942 - 5 May 1945� Erik Scavenius (b. 1877 - d. 1962) 5 May 1945 - 7 Nov 1945 Vilhelm Buhl (2nd time) (s.a.) 7 Nov 1945 - 13 Nov 1947 Knud Kristensen (b. 1880 - d. 1962) 13 Nov 1947 - 27 Oct 1950 Hans Hedtoft (1st time) (b. 1903 - d. 1955) 27 Oct 1950 - 30 Sep 1953 Erik Eriksen (b. 1902 - d. 1972) 30 Sep 1953 - 29 Jan 1955 Hans Hedtoft (2nd time) (s.a.) 29 Jan 1955 - 19 Feb 1960 Hans Christian Hansen (b. 1906 - d. 1960) (acting to 1 Feb 1955) 19 Feb 1960 - 3 Sep 1962 Viggo Kampmann (b. 1910 - d. 1976) (acting to 21 Feb 1960) 3 Sep 1962 - 2 Feb 1968 Jens Otto Krag (1st time) (b. 1914 - d. 1978) 2 Feb 1968 - 11 Oct 1971 Hilmar Baunsgaard (b. 1920 - d. 1989) 11 Oct 1971 - 5 Oct 1972 Jens Otto Krag (2nd time) (s.a.) 5 Oct 1972 - 19 Dec 1973 Anker J�rgensen (1st time) (b. 1922 - d. 2016) 19 Dec 1973 - 13 Feb 1975 Poul Hartling (b. 1914 - d. 2000) 13 Feb 1975 - 10 Sep 1982 Anker J�rgensen (2nd time) (s.a.) 10 Sep 1982 - 25 Jan 1993 Poul Schl�ter (b. 1929 - d. 2021) 25 Jan 1993 - 27 Nov 2001 Poul Nyrup Rasmussen (b. 1943) 27 Nov 2001 - 5 Apr 2009 Anders Fogh Rasmussen (b. 1953) 5 Apr 2009 - 3 Oct 2011 Lars L�kke Rasmussen (1st time) (b. 1964) 3 Oct 2011 - 28 Jun 2015 Helle Thorning-Schmidt (f) (b. 1966) 28 Jun 2015 - 27 Jun 2019 Lars L�kke Rasmussen (2nd time) (s.a.) 27 Jun 2019 - Mette Frederiksen (f) (b. 1977)
German plenipotentiaries 9 Apr 1940 - Nov 1942 Cecil von Renthe-Fink (b. 1885 - d. 1964) Nov 1942 - 5 May 1945 Werner Best (b. 1903 - d. 1989)
�The royal style to 15 Jan 1972 was Af Guds Naade, Konge/Dronning til Danmark, de Venders og Goters ("by the Grace of God, King/Queen of Denmark, the Wends and the Goths"); from 15 Jan 1972 simply Danmarks Dronning.
�Prime Minister Scavenius and his government laid down their functions 29 Aug 1943. From then the Germans governed Denmark alone. However, Scavenius and his government constitutionally still were Denmark's government until 1945.
Djibouti
11 Mar 1862 France acquires Obock 1884 Territory of Obock and Protectorate of Tadjoura 20 May 1896 French Somaliland 27 Oct 1946 status changed from colony to overseas territory 5 Jul 1967 French Territory of the Afars and Issas 27 Jun 1977 independence (Republic of Djibouti)
Governors (from 3 Jul 1967, high commissioners) 29 Dec 1883 - Mar 1899 L�once Lagarde, vicomte de Rouffeyroux (b. 1860 - d. 1936) (commissioner to 24 Jun 1884, then commandant to 5 Sep 1887) 20 Apr 1899 - 13 Apr 1900 Alfred Martineau (b. 1859 - d. 1945) 13 Apr 1900 - 6 Dec 1900 Gabriel Angoulvant (acting) (b. 1872 - d. 1932) 6 Dec 1900 - 2 Apr 1904 Louis Alphonse Bonhoure (b. 1864 - d. 1909) 2 Apr 1904 - 5 Aug 1904 Albert Dubarry (acting) 5 Aug 1904 - 1915 Pierre Pascal 5 Oct 1905 - 19 May 1906 Louis Auguste Bertrand Ormi�res (b. 1851 - d. 19...) (acting for Pascal) 1915 - 1916 Paul Simoni (b. 1863 - d. 1931) 1916 - 1918 Victor Marie Fillon 1918 - 1924 Jules G�rard Auguste Lauret (b. 1866 - d. 19...) 1924 - 1932 Pierre Amable Chapon-Baissac (b. 1876 - d. af.1934) 1932 - 1934 Louis Placide Blacher (b. 1883 - d. 1960) 6 Aug 1934 - 18 Jul 1935 Marcel de Coppet (b. 1881 - d. 1968) 18 Jul 1935 - 20 Dec 1935 Achille Silvestre (b. 1879 - d. 1937) 20 Dec 1935 - 1 May 1937 Armand Annet (b. 1888 - d. 1973) 1 May 1937 - 27 Apr 1938 Fran�ois Pierre-Alype (b. 1886 - d. 1956) (acting to 19 Mar 1938) 27 Apr 1938 - 25 Jul 1940 Hubert Deschamps (b. 1900 - d. 1979) (acting to 2 May 1939) 25 Jul 1940 - 2 Sep 1940 Ga�tan Lo�c Elie Ernest Germain (b. 1904 - d. 1956) 2 Sep 1940 - Sep 1942 Louis Nouailhetas (b. 1894 - d. 1985) 21 Oct 1942 - 4 Dec 1942 Auguste Charles Jules Truffert (b. 1886 - d. 1967) 4 Dec 1942 - 26 Dec 1942 Edmond Gustave Dupont (b. 1888 - d. 1957) 30 Dec 1942 - 22 Jun 1943 Andr� Bayardelle (b. 1896 - d. 1947) 22 Jun 1943 - 1 May 1944 Rapha�l Saller (b. 1899 - d. 1976) (acting to 7 Jan 1944) 1 May 1944 - 30 Apr 1946 Jean Chalvet (b. 1893 - d. 1975) 30 Apr 1946 - 1 Mar 1950 Paul Henri Siriex (b. 1908 - d. 2003) 1 Mar 1950 - 6 Apr 1954 Numa Sadoul (b. 1906 - d. 1990) 6 Apr 1954 - 13 Aug 1954 Roland Pr� (b. 1907 - d. 1980) 13 Aug 1954 - 7 Aug 1957 Ren� Petitbon (b. 1902 - d. 1965) 7 Aug 1957 - 1958 Maurice M�ker (b. 1913 - d. 1987) 21 Oct 1958 - 16 Nov 1962 Jacques Compain (b. 1912 - d. 1984) 16 Nov 1962 - 15 Sep 1966 Ren� Tirant (b. 1907 - d. 1978) 15 Sep 1966 - 5 Feb 1969 Louis Saget (b. 1915 - d. 2010) 5 Feb 1969 - 21 Aug 1971 Dominique Ponchardier (b. 1917 - d. 1986) 21 Aug 1971 - 1 Aug 1974 Georges Thiercy (b. 1915 - d. 1984) 1 Aug 1974 - 9 Feb 1976 Christian Dablanc (b. 1931 - d. 1989) 9 Feb 1976 - 27 Jun 1977 Camille d'Ornano (b. 1917 - d. 1989) Presidents 27 Jun 1977 - 8 May 1999 Hassan Gouled Aptidon (b. 1916 - d. 2006) 8 May 1999 - Ismail Omar Guelleh (b. 1947)
Vice presidents of the Government Council 1957 - Dec 1958 Mahamoud Harbi Farah (b. 1921 - d. 1960) Dec 1958 - Apr 1959 Hassan Gouled Aptidon (s.a.) Apr 1959 - Jun 1960 Ahmed Dini Ahmed (b. 1932 - d. 2004) Jun 1960 - 1966 Ali Aref Bourhan (b. 1934) 1966 - 1967 Abdallah Mohamed Kamil (b. 1936) Presidents of the Government Council 7 Jul 1967 - 29 Jul 1976 Ali Aref Bourhan (s.a.) 29 Jul 1976 - 18 May 1977 Abdallah Mohamed Kamil (s.a.) Prime ministers 18 May 1977 - 12 Jul 1977 Hassan Gouled Aptidon (s.a.) 12 Jul 1977 - 5 Feb 1978 Ahmed Dini Ahmed (s.a.) 5 Feb 1978 - 2 Oct 1978 Abdallah Mohamed Kamil (s.a.) 2 Oct 1978 - 7 Mar 2001 Barkat Gourad Hamadou (b. 1930 - d. 2018) 7 Mar 2001 - 1 Apr 2013 Dileita Mohamed Dileita (b. 1958) 1 Apr 2013 - Abdoulkader Kamil Mohamed (b. 1951)
Dniester Republic: see under Moldova.
Dodecanese Islands: see under Greece.
Dominica
1761 British rule7 Sep 1778 - 10 Jan 1784 French rule 1833 - 1 Jan 1940 part of the Leeward Islands (see under Antigua and Barbuda) 1 Jan 1940 - 1 Jan 1960 part of the Windward Islands (see under Grenada) 3 Jan 1958 - 31 May 1962 part of the Federation of the West Indies (see under Trinidad and Tobago) 1 Mar 1967 associated state 3 Nov 1978 independence (Commonwealth of Dominica)
Governors 1761 - 1768 ... 8 Mar 1768 - 1771 William Young (1st time) (b. ... - d. 1788) 1771 William Stewart 1771 - 1774 William Young (2nd time) (s.a.) 5 Feb 1774 - 1778 Thomas Shirley (b. 1727 - d. 1800) 1778 - 1780 Marie Charles, marquis du Chilleau (b. 1734 - d. 1794) 1780 - 10 Jan 1784 Baron de Fagan 10 Jan 1784 - 1789 John Orde (b. 1751 - d. 1824) 1789 - 1794 Thomas Bruce (b. 1738 - d. 1797) 1794 - 1796 Henry Hamilton (b. 1734 - d. 1796) 1796 - 1797 Matson (acting) 1797 - 1802 Andrew James Cochrane Johnstone (b. 1767 - d. 1833) 27 Sep 1802 - 1805 George Prevost (b. 1767 - d. 1816) 1805 - 1808 George Metcalfe 27 May 1808 - 1809 James Montgomery 1809 - 1812 Edward Barnes 1812 - 1813 John Corlet (acting) 1813 - Jun 1814 George Robert Ainslie (b. 1776 - d. 1839) Jun 1814 - 1815 B. Lucas (acting) 1815 - 1816 R. Reid (1st time) (acting) 1816 - 1819 Charles William Maxwell (b. ... - d. 1848) 1819 - 1820 R. Reid (2nd time) (acting) 1820 - 1821 Samuel Ford Whittingham (b. 1772 - d. 1841) 1821 - 1822 R. Reid (3rd time) (acting) 1822 - 1824 Hans Francis Hastings, Earl of Huntingdon (b. 1779 - d. 1828) 1824 - 1831 William Nicolay (b. 1771 - d. 1842) 1831 - 1833 J.P. Lockhart (acting) Lieutenant governors 1833 - 1834 Charles Marsh Schomberg (b. 1779 - d. 1835) 1834 - 1837 J.P. Lockhart (acting) 1837 - 1838 Henry Light (b. 1783 - d. 1870) 1838 John Longley 1839 - 1843 John Macphail 1843 - 1845 D.S. Laidlaw (acting) 1845 - 1851 George McDonald 1851 - 1857 Samuel Wensley Blackall (b. 1809 - d. 1871) 1857 - 1860 Harry St. George Ord (b. 1819 - d. 1885) Apr 1860 - Dec 1861 George Berkeley (acting) (b. 1819 - d. 1905) 1861 - 1864 Thomas Price 1865 W. Robinson (acting) 1865 - 1867 James Robert Longden (b. 1827 - d. 1891) 1867 - 1869 Henry Ernest Gascoyne Bulwer (b. 1836 - d. 1914) (acting) 1869 - 1871 Sanford Freeling (b. 1828 - d. 1894) 1871 - 1872 Neale Porter (acting) Presidents 1872 - 1873 Alexander Wilson Moir (b. 1823 - d. 1897) 1873 - 1882 Charles Monroe Eldridge (b. 1825 - d. 1888) 1882 - 1887 James Meade 1887 - 1894 George Ruthven Le Hunte (b. 1852 - d. 1925) (also called commissioner) 1894 - 1895 Edward Baynes (acting commissioner) Administrators 1895 - Apr 1899 Philip Arthur Templer (b. 1846 - d. 1899) Apr 1899 - Sep 1899 William Henry Whyham (acting) (b. 1848 - d. 1917) Sep 1899 - 1905 Hesketh Bell (b. 1864 - d. 1952) 1905 - 1913 Douglas Young (b. 1859 - d. 1943) 1913 - 1914 John Alder Burdon (acting) (b. 1866 - d. 1933) 1914 - 1915 Edward Rawle Drayton (b. 1859 - d. 1927) 1915 - 27 Oct 1919 Arthur William Mahaffy (b. 1869 - d. 1919) 1919 - 1923 Robert Walter (b. 1873 - d. 1959) Nov 1923 - 1924 Wilfred Bennett Davidson-Houston (b. 1870 - d. 1960) (acting) Jul 1924 - 1931 Edward Carlyon Eliot (b. 1870 - d. 1940) 1931 - 1933 Walter Andrew Bowring (b. 1875 - d. 1950) 1933 - 1937 Henry Bradshaw Popham (b. 1881 - d. 1947) 1938 - 1945 James Scott Neill (b. 1889 - d. 1958) 1946 - 1952 Edwin Arrowsmith (b. 1909 - d. 1992) 1952 - 1959 Laurence Lindo (b. 1911 - d. 1980) 1960 - Dec 1964 Alec Lovelace (b. 1907 - d. 1981) 1965 - 1 Mar 1967 Geoffrey Colin Guy (b. 1921 - d. 2006) Governors 1 Mar 1967 - Nov 1967 Geoffrey Colin Guy (s.a.) Nov 1967 - 3 Nov 1978 Louis Cools-Lartigue (from 1 Jan 1968, Sir Louis Cools-Lartigue) (b. 1905 - d. 1993) Presidents 3 Nov 1978 - 19 Jan 1979 Sir Louis Cools-Lartigue (s.a.) (interim) 19 Jan 1979 - 29 Jan 1980 Fred Degazon (b. 1913 - d. 2008) (left Dominica 11 Jun 1979) 15 Jun 1979 - 16 Jun 1979 Sir Louis Cools-Lartigue (s.a.) (acting for Degazon) 21 Jun 1979 - 15 Feb 1980 Jenner Armour (b. 1932 - d. 2001) (acting [for Degazon to 29 Jan 1980]) 26 Feb 1980 - 20 Dec 1983 Aurelius Marie (b. 1903 - d. 1995) 23 May 1983 - 24 Oct 1993 Clarence Augustus Seignoret (from 25 Oct 1985, Sir Clarence Augustus Seignoret) (b. 1919 - d. 2002) (acting for Marie to 20 Dec 1983) 25 Oct 1993 - 5 Oct 1998 Crispin Sorhaindo (b. 1931 - d. 2010) 6 Oct 1998 - 1 Oct 2003 Vernon Shaw (b. 1930 - d. 2013) 2 Oct 2003 - 17 Sep 2012 Nicholas Liverpool (b. 1934 - d. 2015) 17 Sep 2012 - 1 Oct 2013 Eliud Williams (b. 1948) 2 Oct 2013 - 1 Oct 2023 Charles Savarin (b. 1943) 2 Oct 2023 - Sylvanie Burton (f) (b. 1965?)
Chief ministers 1 Jan 1960 - Jan 1961 Frank Baron (b. 1923 - d. 2016) Jan 1961 - 1 Mar 1967 Edward Oliver LeBlanc (b. 1923 - d. 2004) Premiers 1 Mar 1967 - 27 Jul 1974 Edward Oliver LeBlanc (s.a.) 27 Jul 1974 - 3 Nov 1978 Patrick R. John (b. 1938 - d. 2021) Prime ministers 3 Nov 1978 - 21 Jun 1979 Patrick R. John (s.a.) 21 Jun 1979 - 21 Jul 1980 Oliver Seraphine (interim) (b. 1943) 21 Jul 1980 - 14 Jun 1995 Eugenia Charles (from Oct 1991, Dame Eugenia Charles) (f) (b. 1919 - d. 2005) 14 Jun 1995 - 3 Feb 2000 Edison James (b. 1943) 3 Feb 2000 - 1 Oct 2000 Rosie Douglas (b. 1941 - d. 2000) 1 Oct 2000 - 6 Jan 2004 Pierre Charles (b. 1954 - d. 2004) (acting to 3 Oct 2000) 6 Jan 2004 - 8 Jan 2004 Osborne Riviere (acting) (b. 1932 - d. 2017) 8 Jan 2004 - Roosevelt Skerrit (b. 1972)
Dominican Republic
Dec 1492 Spanish colony (Hispaniola) 20 Sep 1697 Spain recognizes French claim to western Hispaniola; island divided into French Saint-Domingue (see Haiti) and Spanish Santo Domingo 22 Jul 1795 Spain cedes Santo Domingo to France (Spanish administration continues until 1801) 13 Dec 1808 Santo Domingo reverts to Spain 1 Dec 1821 independence (Independent State of the Spanish Part of Haiti in Colombia) 9 Feb 1822 incorporated into Haiti 27 Feb 1844 independence (Dominican Republic) 18 Mar 1861 reincorporated into Spain 14 Sep 1863 independence (Dominican Republic) (recognized 11 Jul 1865) 29 Nov 1916 - 12 Jul 1924 U.S. military occupation
De facto ruler 16 Aug 1930 - 30 May 1961 Rafael Trujillo (b. 1891 - d. 1961)
Governors 1699 - 1702 Severino de Manzaneda Salinas y Rozas 1702 - 1706 Ignacio P�rez Caro (2nd time) 1706 - 1707 Sebasti�n de Cerezada y Gir�n 1707 - 1713 Guillermo Morfi 1713 - 1714 Pedro de Niela y Torres 1714 - 1715 Antonio Landeche 1715 - 1723 Fernando Constanzo y Ram�rez, caballero de Santiago 1723 - 1732 Francisco de la Rocha y Ferrer 1732 - 1739 Alfonso de Castro y Mazo 1739 - 1750 Pedro Zorilla de San Mart�n, marqu�s de la G�ndara Real 1750 Juan Jos� Colomo 1750 - 1751 Jos� de Zunnier de Basteros 1751 - 1759 Francisco Rubio y Pe�aranda 1759 - 1771 Manuel de Azlor y Urriez 1771 - 1779 Jos� Solano y Bote 1779 - 1785 Isidoro de Peralta y Rojas 1785 - 1786 Joaqu�n Garc�a y Moreno (1st time) 1786 - 1788 Manuel Gonz�lez de Torres 1788 - 1801 Joaqu�n Garc�a y Moreno (2nd time) 13 Dec 1808 - 1811 Juan S�nchez Ram�rez (b. 17... - d. 1811) 1811 - 1813 Manuel Caballero y Masot 1813 - 1818 Carlos de Urrutia y Montoya (b. 1750 - d. 1825) 1818 - 1821 Sebasti�n Kindel�n y Oreg�n 1821 Pascual Leal Governor and State President 1 Dec 1821 - 9 Feb 1822 Jos� N��ez de C�ceres (b. 1772 - d. 1846) President of the Provisional Governing Junta 27 Feb 1844 - 1 Mar 1844 Francisco del Rosario S�nchez (b. 1817 - d. 1861) Presidents of the Central Governing Junta 1 Mar 1844 - 5 Jun 1844 Tom�s Bobadilla (b. 1785 - d. 1871) 5 Jun 1844 - 9 Jun 1844 Jos� Mar�a Caminero (b. 1782 - d. 1852) 9 Jun 1844 - 16 Jul 1844 Francisco del Rosario S�nchez (s.a.) 16 Jul 1844 - 13 Nov 1844 Pedro Santana (b. 1801 - d. 1864) (concurrently Supreme Chief of the Republic) Presidents 13 Nov 1844 - 4 Aug 1848 Pedro Santana (1st time) (s.a.) 4 Aug 1848 - 8 Sep 1848 Council of Secretaries of State - F�lix Mercenario (b. 1789 - d. 1861) - Domingo de la Rocha (b. 1797 - d. 1883) - Jos� Mar�a Caminero (s.a.) - Manuel Jimenes (b. 1808 - d. 1854) 8 Sep 1848 - 29 May 1849 Manuel Jimenes (s.a.) 30 May 1849 - 23 Sep 1849 Pedro Santana (2nd time) (s.a.) (Supreme Chief of the Republic) 24 Sep 1849 - 15 Feb 1853 Buenaventura B�ez (1st time) (b. 1812 - d. 1884) 15 Feb 1853 - 26 May 1856 Pedro Santana (3rd time) (s.a.) 26 May 1856 - 8 Oct 1856 Manuel de Regla Mota (b. 1795 - d. 1864) 8 Oct 1856 - 13 Jun 1858 Buenaventura B�ez (2nd time) (s.a.) 13 Jun 1858 - 28 Jul 1858 Jos� Desiderio Valverde (b. _c._1822 - d. 1904) (in rebellion from 7 Jul 1857 [as President of the Provisional Government to 1 Mar 1858] and then to 28 Aug 1858) 28 Jul 1858 - 18 Mar 1861 Pedro Santana (4th time) (s.a.) (acting to 31 Jan 1859) Governors and captains-general 18 Mar 1861 - 20 Jul 1862 Pedro Santana (s.a.) 20 Jul 1862 - 22 Oct 1863 Felipe Ribero y Lemoine (b. 1797 - d. 1873) 23 Oct 1863 - 30 Mar 1864 Carlos de Vargas y Cerveto (b. 1817 - d. 1876) 31 Mar 1864 - 11 Jul 1865 Jos� de la G�ndara y Navarro (b. 1820 - d. 1885) Presidents 14 Sep 1863 - 10 Oct 1864 Jos� Antonio Salcedo (b. 1816 - d. 1864) (President of the Government [provisional to 24 Aug 1864]) 10 Oct 1864 - 23 Jan 1865 Gaspar Polanco (b. 1816 - d. 1867) (President of the Provisional Government) 23 Jan 1865 - 24 Jan 1865 Generals-in-Chief - Pedro Antonio Pimentel (b. 1830 - d. 1874) - Benito Monci�n (b. 1826 - d. 1898) - Federico de Jes�s Garc�a (b. _c._1835 - d. 1873) 24 Jan 1865 - 24 Mar 1865 Benigno Filomeno de Rojas (b. 1811 - d. 1865) (President of the Superior Governing Junta to 28 Feb 1865, then President of the Executive Commission of the National Convention) 25 Mar 1865 - 4 Aug 1865 Pedro Antonio Pimentel (s.a.) 4 Aug 1865 - 15 Nov 1865 Jos� Mar�a Cabral (1st time) (b. 1819 - d. 1899) (Protector) 15 Nov 1865 - 8 Dec 1865 Pedro Guillermo (b. 1814 - d. 1867) (President of the Provisional Government; in rebellion as President of the Central Governing Junta from earlier in 1865) 8 Dec 1865 - 29 May 1866 Buenaventura B�ez (3rd time) (s.a.) 29 May 1866 - 22 Aug 1866 Triumvirate (in rebellion from 1 May 1866) - Pedro Antonio Pimentel (s.a.) - Gregorio Luper�n (b. 1839 - d. 1897) - Federico de Jes�s Garc�a 22 Aug 1866 - 31 Jan 1868 Jos� Mar�a Cabral (2nd time) (s.a.) (Provisional Chief to 29 Sep 1866) 22 Dec 1867 - 13 Feb 1868 Jos� Hungr�a (in rebellion) (b. 1819 - d. 1872) 31 Jan 1868 - 13 Feb 1868 Manuel Altagracia C�ceres (acting) (b. 1838 - d. 1878) 13 Feb 1868 - 2 May 1868 Junta of Generals - Jos� Hungr�a (s.a.) - Francisco Antonio G�mez (b. ... - d. 1883) - Jos� Ram�n Luciano (b. ... - d. 1890?) 2 May 1868 - 2 Jan 1874 Buenaventura B�ez (4th time) (s.a.) 2 Jan 1874 - 22 Jan 1874 Ignacio Mar�a Gonz�lez (1st time) (b. 1840 - d. 1915) (Supreme Chief; in rebellion from 25 Nov 1873) 22 Jan 1874 - 6 Apr 1874 Generals-in-Chief - Ignacio Mar�a Gonz�lez (s.a.) - Manuel Altagracia C�ceres (s.a.) 6 Apr 1874 - 23 Feb 1876 Ignacio Mar�a Gonz�lez (2nd time) (s.a.) (Supreme Chief 10 Sep 1874 - 12 Apr 1875) 7 Feb 1876 - Feb 1876 Constitutional Executive Junta (in rebellion) - Esteban D�az - M�ximo Grull�n (b. 1826 - d. 1877) - Manuel de Jes�s de Pe�a (b. 1834 - d. 1915) - Alfredo Deetjen (b. 1836 - d. 1897) - Isidro Pereyra (b. 1839 - d. 1893) 23 Feb 1876 - 29 Apr 1876 Council of Secretaries of State - Pedro Tom�s Garrido (b. 1827 - d. 1895) - Jos� de Jes�s de Castro - Pedro Pablo de Bonilla (b. 1807 - d. 1881?) - Juan Bautista Zafra (b. 1840 - d. 1886) - Pablo L�pez Villanueva (to 1876) (b. ... - d. 1902) - Jacinto Peynado (from 1876) (b. 1826 - d. 1897) 29 Apr 1876 - 5 Oct 1876 Ulises Francisco Espaillat (b. 1823 - d. 1878) 5 Oct 1876 - 11 Nov 1876 Superior Governing Junta - Pablo L�pez Villanueva (s.a.) - Jos� Caminero (b. ... - d. 1892) - Juan Ariza (b. 1820 - d. 1882) - Fidel Rodr�guez Urdaneta - Jos� de Jes�s de Castro - Juan Bautista Zafra (s.a.) - Pedro Tom�s Garrido (s.a.) 11 Nov 1876 - 9 Dec 1876 Ignacio Mar�a Gonz�lez (3rd time) (s.a.) (Supreme Chief) 10 Dec 1876 - 26 Dec 1876 Marcos Antonio Cabral (b. 1843 - d. 1903) (President of Provisional Governing Junta) 26 Dec 1876 - 2 Mar 1878 Buenaventura B�ez (5th time) (s.a.) (provisional to 21 Mar 1877) 1 Mar 1878 - 3 May 1878 Ignacio Mar�a Gonz�lez (4th time) (s.a.) (President of the Provisional Government, in rebellion) 2 Mar 1878 - 5 Mar 1878 Council of Secretaries of State - Jos� Mar�a Cabral (s.a.) - Joaqu�n Montol�o (b. 1821 - d. 1911) 5 Mar 1878 - 6 Jul 1878 Ces�reo Guillermo (1st time) (b. 1847 - d. 1885) (President of the Central Government) 6 Jul 1878 - 2 Sep 1878 Ignacio Mar�a Gonz�lez (5th time) (s.a.) 2 Sep 1878 - 6 Sep 1878 People's Military Chiefs - Ulises Heureaux (b. 1845 - d. 1899) - Ces�reo Guillermo (s.a.) 7 Sep 1878 - 29 Sep 1878 Jacinto del Rosario de Castro (b. 1811 - d. 1896) (acting) 30 Sep 1878 - 27 Feb 1879 Council of Secretaries of State - Ces�reo Guillermo (s.a.) - Alejandro Angulo Guridi (b. 1823 - d. 1906) - Pedro Ram�n Aristy 27 Feb 1879 - 6 Dec 1879 Ces�reo Guillermo (2nd time) (s.a.) 6 Dec 1879 - 1 Sep 1880 Gregorio Luper�n (s.a.) (in rebellion from 7 Oct 1879) 1 Sep 1880 - 1 Sep 1882 Fernando Arturo de Meri�o (b. 1833 - d. 1906) 1 Sep 1882 - 1 Sep 1884 Ulises Heureaux (1st time) (s.a.) 1 Sep 1884 - 16 May 1885 Francisco Gregorio Billini (b. 1844 - d. 1898) 16 May 1885 - 6 Jan 1887 Alejandro Woss y Gil (1st time) (b. 1856 - d. 1932) 6 Jan 1887 - 27 Feb 1889 Ulises Heureaux (2nd time) (s.a.) 27 Feb 1889 - 30 Apr 1889 Manuel Mar�a Gautier (acting) (b. 1830 - d. 1897) 30 Apr 1889 - 26 Jul 1899 Ulises Heureaux (3rd time) (s.a.) 26 Jul 1899 - 30 Aug 1899 Wenceslao Figuereo (b. 1834 - d. 1910) 30 Aug 1899 - 31 Aug 1899 Council of Secretaries of State - Tom�s Demetrio Morales (b. 18... - d. 1906) - Ar�stides Pati�o (b. 1856 - d. 1928) - Enrique Henr�quez y Alfau (b. 1859 - d. 1940) - Jaime R. Vidal - Braulio �lvarez (Undersecretary) (b. 1841 - d. 1927) 31 Aug 1899 - 4 Sep 1899 People's Revolutionary Governing Junta - Mariano Cestero (b. 1838 - d. 1909) - �lvaro Logro�o - Ar�stides Pati�o (s.a.) - Pedro Mar�a Mej�a 4 Sep 1899 - 15 Nov 1899 Horacio V�squez (1st time) (b. 1860 - d. 1936) (President of the Provisional Government; in rebellion from 1 Aug 1899) 15 Nov 1899 - 2 May 1902 Juan Isidro Jimenes (1st time) (b. 1846 - d. 1919) 26 Apr 1902 - 23 Apr 1903 Horacio V�squez (2nd time) (s.a.) (President of the Provisional Government) 23 Apr 1903 - 24 Nov 1903 Alejandro Woss y Gil (2nd time) (s.a.) (President of the Provisional Government to 1 Aug 1903) 24 Oct 1903 - 12 Jan 1906 Carlos Felipe Morales (b. 1867 - d. 1914) (President of the Provisional Government to 19 Apr 1904; left the country 25 Dec 1905) 25 Dec 1905 - 29 Dec 1905 Council of Secretaries of State (acting for Morales) - Manuel Lamarche Garc�a - Emiliano Tejera (b. 1841 - d. 1923) - Andr�s Julio Montol�o (b. 1821 - d. 1911) - Francisco Leonte V�squez Lajara (b. 1856 - d. 1923) - Carlos Ginebra - Eladio Victoria (b. 1864 - d. 1939) - Federico Vel�squez y Hern�ndez (b. 1870 - d. 1934) 29 Dec 1905 - 19 Nov 1911 Ram�n C�ceres (b. 1866 - d. 1911) (acting for Morales to 12 Jan 1906) 19 Nov 1911 - 5 Dec 1911 Council of Secretaries - Miguel Antonio Rom�n (b. 1834 - d. 1920) - Jos� Mar�a Cabral (b. 1864 - d. 1937) - Manuel de Jes�s Troncoso de la Concha (b. 1878 - d. 1955) - Federico Vel�squez y Hern�ndez (1st time) (s.a.) - Manuel Lamarche Garc�a - Emilio Tejera (b. 1880 - d. 1968) - Rafael D�az 5 Dec 1911 - 30 Nov 1912 Eladio Victoria (s.a.) (provisional to 27 Feb 1912) 1 Dec 1912 - 13 Apr 1913 Adolfo Alejandro Nouel (b. 1862 - d. 1937) (provisional) 14 Apr 1913 - 27 Aug 1914 Jos� Bordas Vald�s (provisional) (b. 1874 - d. 1968) 28 Aug 1914 - 5 Dec 1914 Ram�n B�ez (provisional) (b. 1858 - d. 1929) 5 Dec 1914 - 7 May 1916 Juan Isidro Jimenes (2nd time) (s.a.) 7 May 1916 - 31 Jul 1916 Council of Secretaries - Jaime Mota (b. 1860 - d. 19...) - Bernardo Pichardo (b. 1877 - d. 1924) - Jos� Manuel Jimenes (to 1916) - Federico Vel�squez y Hern�ndez (2nd time) (from 1916) (s.a.) 31 Jul 1916 - 29 Nov 1916 Francisco Henr�quez y Carvajal (b. 1859 - d. 1935) (provisional) Governors 29 Nov 1916 - 18 Nov 1918 Harry Shepard Knapp (b. 1856 - d. 1923) 18 Nov 1918 - 25 Feb 1919 Ben Hebard Fuller (b. 1870 - d. 1937) 25 Feb 1919 - 3 Jun 1921 Thomas Snowden (b. 1857 - d. 1930) 3 Jun 1921 - 21 Oct 1922 Samuel S. Robison (b. 1867 - d. 1952) Presidents 21 Oct 1922 - 12 Jul 1924 Juan Bautista Vicini Burgos (b. 1871 - d. 1935) (provisional) 12 Jul 1924 - 3 Mar 1930 Horacio V�squez (3rd time) (s.a.) 3 Mar 1930 - 16 Aug 1930 Rafael Estrella Ure�a (acting) (b. 1889 - d. 1945) 16 Aug 1930 - 16 Aug 1938 Rafael Trujillo (1st time) (s.a.) 16 Aug 1938 - 7 Mar 1940 Jacinto Bienvenido Peynado (b. 1878 - d. 1940) 7 Mar 1940 - 18 May 1942 Manuel de Jes�s Troncoso de la Concha (s.a.) 18 May 1942 - 16 Aug 1952 Rafael Trujillo (2nd time) (s.a.) (acting to 16 Aug 1942) 16 Aug 1952 - 3 Aug 1960 H�ctor Trujillo (b. 1908 - d. 2002) 3 Aug 1960 - 16 Jan 1962 Joaqu�n Balaguer (1st time) (b. 1906/07 - d. 2002) 16 Jan 1962 - 18 Jan 1962 Civic-Military Council - Armando �scar Pacheco - Luis Amiama Ti� (b. 1914 - d. 1980) - Antonio Imbert Barrera (b. 1920 - d. 2016) - Enrique Valdez Vidaurre - Wilfredo Medina Natalio - Huberto Bogaert (from 17 Jan 1962) (chairman) (b. 1901 - d. 1962) 18 Jan 1962 - 27 Feb 1963 Rafael Filiberto Bonnelly (b. 1904 - d. 1979) 27 Feb 1963 - 25 Sep 1963 Juan Bosch (b. 1909 - d. 2001) 25 Sep 1963 - 26 Sep 1963 V�ctor Elby Vi�as Rom�n (b. 1925? - d. 2004) (chairman Provisional Junta) 26 Sep 1963 - 25 Apr 1965 Triumvirate - Emilio de los Santos (b. 1903 - d. 1986) (to 22 Dec 1963) (chairman) - Ram�n Tapia Espinal (b. 1926 - d. 2002) (to 8 Apr 1964) - Manuel Enrique Tavares Espaillat (to 27 Jun 1964) (b. 1924 - d. 1984) - Donald Reid Cabral (b. 1923 - d. 2006) (from 29 Dec 1963) (chairman) - Ram�n C�ceres Troncoso (b. 1930 - d. 2020) (from 18 Apr 1964) 13 Oct 1963 - 4 Nov 1963 Juan Casasnovas Garrido (provisional; in rebellion) 25 Apr 1965 (hours) Revolutionary Committee - Vinicio Fern�ndez P�rez - Giovanni Guti�rrez Ram�rez - Francisco Alberto Caama�o De�� (b. 1932 - d. 1973) - Eladio Ram�rez S�nchez (b. 1934 - d. 2001) - Pedro Bartolom� Benoit (b. 1921 - d. 2012) 25 Apr 1965 - 27 Apr 1965 Jos� Rafael Molina Ure�a (b. 1921 - d. 2000) (provisional) 1 May 1965 - 7 May 1965 Pedro Bartolom� Benoit (s.a.) (chairman military junta) 7 May 1965 - 30 Aug 1965 Antonio Imbert Barrera (s.a.) 4 May 1965 - 3 Sep 1965 Francisco Alberto Caama�o De�� (s.a.) (in opposition) 3 Sep 1965 - 1 Jul 1966 H�ctor Garc�a Godoy (provisional) (b. 1921 - d. 1970) 1 Jul 1966 - 16 Aug 1978 Joaqu�n Balaguer (2nd time) (s.a.) 16 Apr 1970 - 22 May 1970 Ram�n Ruiz Tejada (b. 1907 - d. 1995) (acting for Balaguer) 16 Aug 1978 - 4 Jul 1982 Antonio Guzm�n Fern�ndez (b. 1911 - d. 1982) 4 Jul 1982 - 16 Aug 1982 Jacobo Majluta Azar (b. 1934 - d. 1996) 16 Aug 1982 - 16 Aug 1986 Salvador Jorge Blanco (b. 1926 - d. 2010) 16 Aug 1986 - 16 Aug 1996 Joaqu�n Balaguer (3rd time) (s.a.) 16 Aug 1996 - 16 Aug 2000 Leonel Fern�ndez (1st time) (b. 1953) 16 Aug 2000 - 16 Aug 2004 Hip�lito Mej�a (b. 1941) 16 Aug 2004 - 16 Aug 2012 Leonel Fern�ndez (2nd time) (s.a.) 16 Aug 2012 - 16 Aug 2020 Danilo Medina (b. 1951) 16 Aug 2020 - Luis Abinader (b. 1967)
Dubai: see under United Arab Emirates.
Dutch Guiana: see Suriname.