Tareq Abdallatif | Ain Shams (original) (raw)

Papers by Tareq Abdallatif

There are various strategies for magnetic surveying. Most are designed to capture a wide range of... more There are various strategies for magnetic surveying. Most are designed to capture a wide range of sources from near surface to deep subsurface structure. Magnetics, particularly magnetic gradiometry, is often used for discovering small objects at very shallow depths that have environmental or archaeological importance.

A detailed marine magnetic survey of the region southwest of Jeju Island, offshore Korea, reveals... more A detailed marine magnetic survey of the region southwest of Jeju Island, offshore Korea, reveals the boundary between the northern part of the Socotra Basin (SB) and the Fukien-Reinan Massif (FRM). To delineate the boundary and highlight its origin, several interpretation methods have been applied. Low and band pass filtering; upward-continuation filtering; horizontal gradient (HG) transformation and 2½D methods delineate the boundary in the subsurface basement. Analysis of the magnetic amplitudes through three selected profiles provides a good correlation between the applied methods and exposes the magnetic sources on and around the boundary. The modeling of magnetic anomalies northwest of the Socotra Basin revealed the edge lines between the adjacent subsurface geological units. Among the applied methods, the results of the horizontal gradient method were prominent in clarifying distinctly the location of this important boundary. These results are shown in addition to the results of other interpretation tools that the boundary is located in the shallow section of the northwestern part of the SB. Based on these results, FRM is probably sandwiched between two identified boundaries in the northwestern portion of the northern part of the SB. These results are consistent with earlier recent studies over the same area, and will lead to a better understanding of the geology of this neglected region and the East China Sea Shelf Basin in general.

A B S T R A C T The main outbuildings of the Amenemhat II pyramid complex in Dahsour were yet to ... more A B S T R A C T The main outbuildings of the Amenemhat II pyramid complex in Dahsour were yet to be discovered due to a very long subjection of the area to the military authorities and also the demolition of the pyramid itself. We describe the discovery of some of these outbuildings using near-surface magnetic investigations. A gradiometer survey was conducted in the area east of the pyramid to measure the vertical magnetic gradient with a high resolution instrument at 0.5 m sampling interval. The data showed some undesirable field effects such as grid discontinuities, grid slope, traverse stripe effects, spikes and high frequencies originating from recent ferrous contamination. These undesirable effects were addressed to produce an enhanced display. We have successfully detected four main structures in the area east of the pyramid; the causeway that connected the mortuary temple with the valley temple during the Middle Kingdom of the 12 th Dynasty, the mortuary temple and its associated rooms, ruins of an ancient working area and an Egyptian-style tomb structure called a Mastaba. An improved recognition for these structures was accomplished by using the analytic signal and Euler deconvolution techniques. Excavation of a small part within the study area has proven the reliability of magnetic discoveries and the shallowness and composition of the detected features.

A marine magnetic survey was carried

Egyptologists have suggested there might be a hidden extension of the Karnak Temple, located in t... more Egyptologists have suggested there might be a hidden extension of the Karnak Temple, located in the Luxor governorate of Egypt. They believe that the temple contains some buried sections on its northern and eastern sides. During January and September 2002, ground-penetrating radar (GPR) and magnetic surveys were carried out on an 80 40 m area near the eastern gate. The GPR data did not give a clear picture of some of the buried features. A clearer identification of the hidden features was accomplished by interpretation of the magnetic data using the analytic signal approach. Our study has revealed the presence of coffin-and tomblike structures built of mud bricks. Limestone blocks were also detected, which may be attributable to destroyed pillars or statues.

An integrated magnetic study was conducted at Abu Sir, a locality in northern Egypt also known as... more An integrated magnetic study was conducted at Abu Sir, a locality in northern Egypt also known as the " Land of the Forgotten Pyramids. " Two magnetic tools were applied over an area of 25,600 m 2 in order to trace and detect hidden archaeological features near the Temple of the Sun. The acquisition of the magnetic data was initiated by measuring the magnetic susceptibility of the topsoil samples collected within the entire study area. This was followed by a gradiometer survey to measure the vertical gradient of the geomagnetic field over a restricted area of 14,400 m 2. The magnetic susceptibility results are characterized by high values in the middle of the study area and a small extension of high values to the southwest. This pattern may indicate the presence of ritual monuments. The magnetic susceptibility measurements identified regions of interest to be targeted during the gradiometer survey. The gradiometer results revealed the existence of numerous archaeological features of different shapes and sizes composed of mud bricks. These features may represent tombs, burial rooms, and dissected walls, and all of them probably belong to the 5th Dynasty of pharaohs. The depth of the expected buried archaeological features was estimated from the gradiometer results and is about 1.2 m for deep features and 0.42 m for shallow features.

Near-surface cavities in karstic carbonate regions are of a particular engineering concern due to... more Near-surface cavities in karstic carbonate regions are of a particular engineering concern due to their propensity to cause ground subsidence and hazardous effects on the constructions. In a case study at Al-Hassa area, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), traditional application of probing techniques has not thoroughly covered the study area due to economic, technical and time limitations. Therefore, buried near-surface cavities became a threat to the proposed constructions in the vicinity of the study area. In this paper, the application of an integrated geophysical survey to delineate the concealed cavities using ground penetrating radar (GPR) and 2D electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) will be presented. Cavities located down to 4 m below natural ground level were well detected by GPR, while those situated deeper than 4 m were well detected by 2D ERT. Correlation between geophysical and engineering geological data has shown a good agreement, indicating the great benefit of geophysical investigation in identifying the ground conditions for major engineering projects in karstic regions like Al-Hassa area. Around thirty two detected cavernous zones were confirmed by borings, and were subjected to suitable ground remediation.

The archaeological site of Tell Toukh El-Qaramous, which is located to the south of Abu Kebir, Sh... more The archaeological site of Tell Toukh El-Qaramous, which is located to the south of Abu Kebir, Sharkiya Governorate, was subjected to detailed geophysical studies using magnetic vertical gradient and geoelectric resistivity survey. The success of these surveys depends on the contrast in the physical properties between the dominant sedimentary deposits (clays and sands) and the buried archeological constructions. The area of study occupies about 80 acres at present. It was subjected firstly to a regional geophysical survey to discover the subsurface conditions above one of the most important military fortress that had been constructed to be vanguard of the eastern entry to Egypt during the Ptolemaic age (323–30 BC). Detailed gridded magnetic (0.5 m grid interval) and geoelectric resistivity surveys (2 m grid interval) were also carried out at a selected site of about 50 ð 100 m according to the recommendations of the archaeologists who periodically carried out excavation of the archaeological remains. Such surveys could help mapping of the anomalous features that probably reflect the buried archaeological remains. The integrated results of the magnetic gradient images obtained as well as apparent resistivity maps for depths ranges from 1 to 5 m gave fascinating results. The results indicate that the Tell-Toukh El-Qaramous has been built on a buried sand gezira. Also, groups of ancients walls made of mud bricks and some interesting locations of archeological buried artefacts have been delineated. Both the magnetic and resistivity data supported each other and are in good agreement for the same locations of archeological interest.

Integrated geophysical surveys including magnetometer, gradiometer and seismic refraction were pe... more Integrated geophysical surveys including magnetometer, gradiometer and seismic refraction were performed in the Suchon area, Kongju, Korea, which revealed three locations of buried architectural features. The magnetometer survey identified four main anomalies that were further tested using the gradiometer. Application of the second vertical derivative and the high-pass filtering techniques to the magnetometer data isolated the deeper sources and enhanced the near-surface features. Depth was estimated using magnetometer data and seismic refraction analysis.The study identified three promising areas that are strongly recommended forexcavation, which can be seen in the northeastern and southwestern parts of the study area. They are strongly linked to shallow historical features , i.e. brick tomb structure, pottery collection and stone-mound tomb, that were dominant during Baekche rule in Suchon area and therefore are believed to be from the Baekche period.

Two geophysical methods were used for mapping the archaeological features at Qantir village: magn... more Two geophysical methods were used for mapping the archaeological features at Qantir village: magnetic and resistivity surveys. The magnetic survey was carried out before the resistivity survey in order to evaluate the distribution of hidden archaeological features and cultural relics. It was conducted over an area of 120 ð 100 m using a fluxgate gradiometer (Geoscan FM36) that measures the vertical gradient of the geomagnetic field. The readings were logged every 0.5 m along 20 m, zigzag traverses. The resultant data were processed and treated to produce a high-quality magnetic image. The final magnetogram and graphical interpretation plot show the distribution of high and low magnetic features that reflect the buried archaeological and nonarchaeological features. Subsequently, a resistivity survey was carried out over interesting areas identified from the initial results of the magnetogram. Four Wenner profiles were also measured, named P1W, P2W, P3W and P4W. The minimum electrode spacing used through all the profiles was 1 m and the maximum electrode spacing varied from one profile to another according to its length. These data were used to construct four apparent resistivity pseudosections. A comparison between the magnetic vertical gradient profile and resistivity inverse models was performed in order to check the value of using the Wenner configuration in parallel with the gradiometer survey. The geophysical investigation mapped some archaeological features with a high probability of indicating the presence of storage and burial chambers, bisecting walls, ditches and streets.

The whole area to the northeast of Zoser pyramid, Saqqara,Giza,Egypt, is characterized by the dis... more The whole area to the northeast of Zoser pyramid, Saqqara,Giza,Egypt, is characterized by the distribution of a variety of tomb structures of the1st and 2nd Dynasties.The main objective of undertaking a gradiometer survey is to detect the ancient remains as well as other archeological features hidden in thisimportant area.Agradiometersurvey witharasterof 0.5 m Â 0.5 mhasbeencarriedoutovera surface area of 100 m Â100 m to achieve the purpose and the magnetic data were processed using Geoplot software in order to obtain high quality images of the hidden structures.The results obtained show the presence ofinterconnected large tomb structures composed of mud-bricks; some otherancient rooms and walls are also present.The historical background of the study area confirms the existence of such tomb structures.

Al-Zayyan Temple or Qasr Al-Zayyan might be regarded as one in a chain of several fortresses that... more Al-Zayyan Temple or Qasr Al-Zayyan might be regarded as one in a chain of several fortresses that the Romans built to secure the salver's trade caravan route between Asyut and Sudan, known as Darb Al-Arbain. Al-Zayyan temple lies about 25 km south of Al-Kharga city, the capital of the New Valley, and deviates to the east of Al-Kharga-Paris main road some 2 km along the Al-Zayyan-Aarif minor road. The background information about the temple is very scarce, and even what is known is neither clear nor accurate. Some indications have ascribed it to Amenebis and that it was restored during the reign of Emperor Antoninus (AD 138–161). An integrated ground-penetrating radar (GPR) survey using the SIR 2000 Geophysical Survey Systems, Inc. (GSSI) together with magnetic survey using FM36 (GeoScan) and the three component fluxgate gradiometer TRM-70D (Tokin) have been applied to the western side of the temple. The results show relatively large-scale buried structures in a direction intersecting that of the present temple at about 45 °. Some particular features within the structure have been speculatively ascribed on the basis of comprehending their signatures in the GPR sections. The magnetic results have improved the identification of some objects revealed by the GPR and provided ideas about some of the other features.

A marine magnetic survey was carried