FALANA TAYE FREDRICK | Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba-Akoko, Nigeria (original) (raw)

Papers by FALANA TAYE FREDRICK

International Journal of Technology Enhanced Learning, 2009

Cyclic Redundancy Codes (CRCs) are used in a wide variety of computer networks and data storage d... more Cyclic Redundancy Codes (CRCs) are used in a wide variety of computer networks and data storage devices to provide inexpensive and effective error detection capabilities. As data transfer rates and the amount of data stored increase, the need for simple, cheap, and robust error detection codes increases as well. Thus it is important to be sure that the CRCs in use are as effective as possible.
A transmitted bit can be received in error, due to “noise” on the transmission channel. If we are dealing with voice or video data, the occurrence of errors in a small percentage of bits is quite tolerable, but in many other cases it is crucial that all bits be received intact. If for example we are downloading a binary program file, the program may be un-executable if even one bit is incorrect. If the destination or source address of a packet has one bit wrong, communication is impossible. There are many methods which have been developed to detect errors, applied at different levels of the seven layer model. Of course, no method can detect all errors, but a number of methods in use today are amazingly effective. The one we will discuss here is the famous CRC coding form.
One powerful error-detection method is Cyclic Redundancy Checking (CRC), a generalization of parity checking. One appends a few (typically 16 or 32) bits to the end of the bit string for a message and sends out the extended string. The receiver then performs a computation which would yield 0 if no bits of the message had been in error; if the result is not 0, then the receiver knows that there has been an error in one or more bits. CRC cannot detect all possible errors, but the range of errors which it can detect is impressively broad.

Frame Relay is a standardized wide area network technology that specifies the physical and data l... more Frame Relay is a standardized wide area network technology that specifies the physical and data link layers of digital telecommunications channels using a packet switching methodology.
Frame Relay is a high-performance WAN protocol that operates at the physical and data link layers of the OSI reference model. Frame Relay originally was designed for use across Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) interfaces. Today, it is used over a variety of other network interfaces as well. Frame Relay is an example of a packet-switched technology.

ABSTRACT This study was carried out on the design and implementation of post utme online examin... more ABSTRACT
This study was carried out on the design and implementation of post utme online examination system, a case study of Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba - Akoko, Ondo State. Online Examination System is a system based on carrying out test and examination, which were carried out manually with the aid of computer and internet technology Mustakerov & Borissova (2011).
The project work support and implement the three structural layers proposed by Aimin & Jipeng (2009), the three layers were the administrator, Student and instructor, also the architecture of Jin & Ma (2008) which focus on this layers were adopted in the development. Furthermore, Wilson (2004) investigated the extent the feedback process affects the student performance by comparing with the students who receive classical face-to-face education. The author emphasized that student feedbacks may render evaluation process more efficient. The current study is inline with Wilson (2004) and also with the view of Crisp & Ward (2008), on the other hand, that getting feedbacks in the systems with too many students can only be achieved with the aid of online systems. And lastly, in their study, Shen et al. (2001) emphasized the importance of adjustment and update processes based on student feedbacks for proper execution of online examination. The current research makes use of this trend in the integration of feedback system in Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba - Akoko online examination system.
In addition, there are other potentially problematic issues to consider. There are consistent situational or environmental characteristics of situations where students cheat (Leming, 1979; Maramark & Maline, 1993). Most cheaters recognize that cheating is wrong, but believe that they are in special circumstances that make it right for them to cheat (Sykes & Matza, 1957). The second of the problems concerns enrolment. No matter how securely the system is designed, if the correct person is not enrolled, the use of biometrics does not help (Ashbourn, 1999; Boves & Koolwaaij, 1998; Schneier, 1999). Although these disadvantages should not discourage developers from creating online support, they should be considered during planning and designing stages (Aimin & Jipeng 2009) this serve as a motivation for the current project.
Primary contribution of this study is the proposed online examination system having an integrated and flexible structure. The system manages a number of functions such as collection of feedbacks from students, generating reports and submitting them to the managers and providing proposals in the decision-making processes by help of analysis within a single module as distinct from the other studies found in the literature.

Education, in every human community is an indispensable instrument for human progress, empowermen... more Education, in every human community is an indispensable instrument for human progress, empowerment and effecting national development. This suggests that a nation that lacks sound educational culture and philosophy stands the risk of decay whereas a nation that sees to the development of its education sector is bond to achieve great success. Schools are established for the purpose of teaching and learning. It is also more important that the teachers are properly accommodated to facilitate the teaching –learning process that go on there. This is the essence of the school plant and facilities (Alimi 2004). Therefore school facilities are the space interpretation and physical expression of the school curriculum.
Student performance is also refered to as academic achievement by Adediwura and Tayo (2007). Academic achievement or academic performance is the out come of education the extent to which a student, teacher or institution has achieved their educational goals. Achievement is commonly measured by examinations or continuous assessment but there is no general agreement on how it is best tested or which aspects are most important.

The advent of the internet has revolutionized the life of the global community in all ways. Its u... more The advent of the internet has revolutionized the life of the global community in all ways. Its usefulness seems to manifest greatly in the academic circles, where students use the internet for information research and relaxation. The internet is the most popular (IT) Information Technology resource which has also been embraced by the academic community in Nigeria. It uses has been to solve scarcity of textbooks, collaborate with international colleagues and to update knowledge. The internet is a useful tool in the “tri-personality” of a lecturer and a researcher. It provides a wealth of resources for optimum achievement of the ends targeted by the personality, within seconds; a student can retrieve information through the internet to update his/her knowledge, prepare his/her lecture, solve assignments given by lecturer or teacher and also work with colleagues and specialist(Scholastic, 2003).

This study was designed to investigate the Prospects And Challenges Of E-Learning in Nigerian Uni... more This study was designed to investigate the Prospects And Challenges Of E-Learning in Nigerian University Education, a case study of National Open University of Nigeria Akure Study Center. The design of the study was questionnaire, specifically Frequency count, Percentage, Mean, t-test and ANOVA look into the Prospects And Challenges Of E-Learning in Nigerian University Education with a view to find out the area of strength and weakness in Computer usage .upon identifying weakness ,the study aimed at providing recommendation for improvement. 140 students and staffs participated in the study by providing data which was sought through the use of questionnaires. The instrument required information on Computer training background competence and literacy level of the Students and Staffs. Result level shows that acquaintance level necessary for the use of e-learning facilities by students were very high and Inability to operate computer and internet devices makes e-learning boring to National Open University of Nigeria students. Although, some staff and student of NOUN don’t know how to operate computer and learning new software’s to enhance e-learning does not waste student/staff time but inequality of access to technology is the prior challenges of e-learning among the student of NOUN. Also, E-learning is alternative to the face-to-face teaching method; E-learning complements face-to-face teaching method, and increased collaboration learning and interaction. There are significant challenges and prospects of E-learning in Nigerian University education such as inappropriate maintenance, no stable internet provider to support easy and fast learning and teaching, and this problem can be alleviated since there is no any significance difference between education via electronic means and conventional means if Government can. To counter the effect of challenges, Nigeria education can be ascertain if Government make internet accessible, provide adequate personnel on maintenance and finance e-learning.

This study was designed to investigate the perceptions and attitudes of students and teachers tow... more This study was designed to investigate the perceptions and attitudes of students and teachers towards mobile learning in Senior Secondary Schools in Ondo State. The design of the study was questionnaire prone, specifically frequency distribution and means Statistics techniques look into the investigate the perceptions and attitudes of teachers towards mobile learning in Senior Secondary Schools in Ondo State with a view to find out the area of strength and weakness in mobile technology usage upon identifying weakness, the study aimed at providing recommendation for improvement. 100 students and staffs participated in the study by providing data which was sought through the use of questionnaires. The instrument required information on mobile / computer training background competence and literacy level of the Students and teachers. Result level shows that acquaintance level necessary for the use of mobile learning facilities by students and teachers were very high and Teachers are not just ready to use Mobile-Learning as a teaching methodology, it can also be view from the report that Mobile-Learning make teacher to be lazy in the classroom. It is also worthy of note that Mobile-Learning make teacher to depend on internet without thinking creatively for practical work in the classroom and Mobile-Learning is too stressful compare to face-to-face teaching. The report also shows that the cost of mobile-learning tools is too high and it is a major problem affecting learning and teaching and Electrical instability is a major setback in achieving teaching and learning with computer related devices according to the report from the study.
It can also be seen clearly that that Inability to operate mobile device or / and computer (internet) devices make mobile-learning boring to Teacher in Secondary Schools and the Teacher has no financial support to improve mobile-learning, also, teacher has no equipment and tools to support mobile-learning. More so, Inequality of access to technology is the prior challenging of
7
mobile-learning among Secondary School Teacher of Nigeria based on the researcher report. The report also shows that, Nigeria has no stable internet provider to support easy and fast learning and teaching and Mobile-learning waste teacher’s time in the classroom.
Also, Mobile-learning increased collaboration learning and interaction, Mobile-learning offer flexibility and equity because it can be obtain anytime, anywhere and by anyone and Mobile-learning, educational objectives and goals can be achieved, also Mobile-learning can reduce the level of illiteracy and ignorance among students, and Mobile-learning help to improve educational attainment and raise standard of education.
To counter the effect of challenges, Mobile-learning has greater advantages to any other means, so it should be encouraged, and Nigeria education can be ascertain if Government allows mobile phone learning by teacher and student and finance it.

This study was designed to investigate the pedagogical competence of Junior Secondary School Comp... more This study was designed to investigate the pedagogical competence of Junior Secondary School Computer Science Teachers in Ondo Senatorial District of Ondo State. The design of the study was questionnaire prone, specifically frequency, percentage and means look into the pedagogical competence of Junior Secondary School Computer Science Teachers with a view to find out the area of strength and weakness in Computer usage .upon identifying weakness ,the study aimed at providing recommendation for improvement. 100 secondary school teachers participated in the study by providing data which was sought through the use of questionnaires and competence practical test. The instrument require information on Computer training background competence and literacy level of the Educators. Result level shows that majority of the teachers were computer literate. A significant number showed that they had basic knowledge on Computer, have computer related tools. A few however had no basic knowledge on Computer. Result shows that the majority of the respondents were able to use the basic software in computer for lesson delivery. In terms of applicability of the packages, teacher‟s knowledge of ICTS for classroom usage still lags behind.
Challenges to ICT competence were identified as lack of adequate computer hardware, limited knowledge on how to make full use of ICT in the classroom, lack of electricity supply, inadequate structural facilities, such as computer laboratory ,limited understanding on how to integrate ICT into the teaching process. To counter the effect of challenges, Nigeria education can be ascertain if Government make internet accessible, free and finance computer literacy.

Teaching Documents by FALANA TAYE FREDRICK

Cyclic Redundancy Codes (CRCs) are used in a wide variety of computer networks and data storage d... more Cyclic Redundancy Codes (CRCs) are used in a wide variety of computer networks and data storage devices to provide inexpensive and effective error detection capabilities. As data transfer rates and the amount of data stored increase, the need for simple, cheap, and robust error detection codes increases as well. Thus it is important to be sure that the CRCs in use are as effective as possible.
A transmitted bit can be received in error, due to “noise” on the transmission channel. If we are dealing with voice or video data, the occurrence of errors in a small percentage of bits is quite tolerable, but in many other cases it is crucial that all bits be received intact. If for example we are downloading a binary program file, the program may be un-executable if even one bit is incorrect. If the destination or source address of a packet has one bit wrong, communication is impossible. There are many methods which have been developed to detect errors, applied at different levels of the seven layer model. Of course, no method can detect all errors, but a number of methods in use today are amazingly effective. The one we will discuss here is the famous CRC coding form.
One powerful error-detection method is Cyclic Redundancy Checking (CRC), a generalization of parity checking. One appends a few (typically 16 or 32) bits to the end of the bit string for a message and sends out the extended string. The receiver then performs a computation which would yield 0 if no bits of the message had been in error; if the result is not 0, then the receiver knows that there has been an error in one or more bits. CRC cannot detect all possible errors, but the range of errors which it can detect is impressively broad.

The aims and objectives of this book is towards adequate and effective knowledge of programming u... more The aims and objectives of this book is towards adequate and effective knowledge of programming using QBasic.

Drafts by FALANA TAYE FREDRICK

Naming conventions are rules which enable the titling of electronic and physical folders, documen... more Naming conventions are rules which enable the titling of electronic and physical folders, documents and records in a consistent and logical way. This ensures that the correct records can be located, identified and retrieved from a filing system in a timely fashion, and that they are stored in an appropriate secure location. In computer programing, a name or an identifier is the user-defined name of a program element. It can be a namespace, class, method, variable or interface. Identifiers are symbols used to uniquely identify a program element in the code. They are also used to refer to types, constants, macros and parameters. Benefits of Naming Conventions Naming records consistently, logically and in a predictable way will distinguish similar records from one another at a glance, and by doing so will facilitate the storage and retrieval of data. Through consistency and the application of logical standards we benefit from secure storage, and the ability to locate and access information. a. File Identifiability The good practice dictates that all information (files, datasets, documents, or records) should be identifiable and traceable. This can be achieved by following good practices by applying referencing to all documents/files.

International Journal of Technology Enhanced Learning, 2009

Cyclic Redundancy Codes (CRCs) are used in a wide variety of computer networks and data storage d... more Cyclic Redundancy Codes (CRCs) are used in a wide variety of computer networks and data storage devices to provide inexpensive and effective error detection capabilities. As data transfer rates and the amount of data stored increase, the need for simple, cheap, and robust error detection codes increases as well. Thus it is important to be sure that the CRCs in use are as effective as possible.
A transmitted bit can be received in error, due to “noise” on the transmission channel. If we are dealing with voice or video data, the occurrence of errors in a small percentage of bits is quite tolerable, but in many other cases it is crucial that all bits be received intact. If for example we are downloading a binary program file, the program may be un-executable if even one bit is incorrect. If the destination or source address of a packet has one bit wrong, communication is impossible. There are many methods which have been developed to detect errors, applied at different levels of the seven layer model. Of course, no method can detect all errors, but a number of methods in use today are amazingly effective. The one we will discuss here is the famous CRC coding form.
One powerful error-detection method is Cyclic Redundancy Checking (CRC), a generalization of parity checking. One appends a few (typically 16 or 32) bits to the end of the bit string for a message and sends out the extended string. The receiver then performs a computation which would yield 0 if no bits of the message had been in error; if the result is not 0, then the receiver knows that there has been an error in one or more bits. CRC cannot detect all possible errors, but the range of errors which it can detect is impressively broad.

Frame Relay is a standardized wide area network technology that specifies the physical and data l... more Frame Relay is a standardized wide area network technology that specifies the physical and data link layers of digital telecommunications channels using a packet switching methodology.
Frame Relay is a high-performance WAN protocol that operates at the physical and data link layers of the OSI reference model. Frame Relay originally was designed for use across Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) interfaces. Today, it is used over a variety of other network interfaces as well. Frame Relay is an example of a packet-switched technology.

ABSTRACT This study was carried out on the design and implementation of post utme online examin... more ABSTRACT
This study was carried out on the design and implementation of post utme online examination system, a case study of Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba - Akoko, Ondo State. Online Examination System is a system based on carrying out test and examination, which were carried out manually with the aid of computer and internet technology Mustakerov & Borissova (2011).
The project work support and implement the three structural layers proposed by Aimin & Jipeng (2009), the three layers were the administrator, Student and instructor, also the architecture of Jin & Ma (2008) which focus on this layers were adopted in the development. Furthermore, Wilson (2004) investigated the extent the feedback process affects the student performance by comparing with the students who receive classical face-to-face education. The author emphasized that student feedbacks may render evaluation process more efficient. The current study is inline with Wilson (2004) and also with the view of Crisp & Ward (2008), on the other hand, that getting feedbacks in the systems with too many students can only be achieved with the aid of online systems. And lastly, in their study, Shen et al. (2001) emphasized the importance of adjustment and update processes based on student feedbacks for proper execution of online examination. The current research makes use of this trend in the integration of feedback system in Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba - Akoko online examination system.
In addition, there are other potentially problematic issues to consider. There are consistent situational or environmental characteristics of situations where students cheat (Leming, 1979; Maramark & Maline, 1993). Most cheaters recognize that cheating is wrong, but believe that they are in special circumstances that make it right for them to cheat (Sykes & Matza, 1957). The second of the problems concerns enrolment. No matter how securely the system is designed, if the correct person is not enrolled, the use of biometrics does not help (Ashbourn, 1999; Boves & Koolwaaij, 1998; Schneier, 1999). Although these disadvantages should not discourage developers from creating online support, they should be considered during planning and designing stages (Aimin & Jipeng 2009) this serve as a motivation for the current project.
Primary contribution of this study is the proposed online examination system having an integrated and flexible structure. The system manages a number of functions such as collection of feedbacks from students, generating reports and submitting them to the managers and providing proposals in the decision-making processes by help of analysis within a single module as distinct from the other studies found in the literature.

Education, in every human community is an indispensable instrument for human progress, empowermen... more Education, in every human community is an indispensable instrument for human progress, empowerment and effecting national development. This suggests that a nation that lacks sound educational culture and philosophy stands the risk of decay whereas a nation that sees to the development of its education sector is bond to achieve great success. Schools are established for the purpose of teaching and learning. It is also more important that the teachers are properly accommodated to facilitate the teaching –learning process that go on there. This is the essence of the school plant and facilities (Alimi 2004). Therefore school facilities are the space interpretation and physical expression of the school curriculum.
Student performance is also refered to as academic achievement by Adediwura and Tayo (2007). Academic achievement or academic performance is the out come of education the extent to which a student, teacher or institution has achieved their educational goals. Achievement is commonly measured by examinations or continuous assessment but there is no general agreement on how it is best tested or which aspects are most important.

The advent of the internet has revolutionized the life of the global community in all ways. Its u... more The advent of the internet has revolutionized the life of the global community in all ways. Its usefulness seems to manifest greatly in the academic circles, where students use the internet for information research and relaxation. The internet is the most popular (IT) Information Technology resource which has also been embraced by the academic community in Nigeria. It uses has been to solve scarcity of textbooks, collaborate with international colleagues and to update knowledge. The internet is a useful tool in the “tri-personality” of a lecturer and a researcher. It provides a wealth of resources for optimum achievement of the ends targeted by the personality, within seconds; a student can retrieve information through the internet to update his/her knowledge, prepare his/her lecture, solve assignments given by lecturer or teacher and also work with colleagues and specialist(Scholastic, 2003).

This study was designed to investigate the Prospects And Challenges Of E-Learning in Nigerian Uni... more This study was designed to investigate the Prospects And Challenges Of E-Learning in Nigerian University Education, a case study of National Open University of Nigeria Akure Study Center. The design of the study was questionnaire, specifically Frequency count, Percentage, Mean, t-test and ANOVA look into the Prospects And Challenges Of E-Learning in Nigerian University Education with a view to find out the area of strength and weakness in Computer usage .upon identifying weakness ,the study aimed at providing recommendation for improvement. 140 students and staffs participated in the study by providing data which was sought through the use of questionnaires. The instrument required information on Computer training background competence and literacy level of the Students and Staffs. Result level shows that acquaintance level necessary for the use of e-learning facilities by students were very high and Inability to operate computer and internet devices makes e-learning boring to National Open University of Nigeria students. Although, some staff and student of NOUN don’t know how to operate computer and learning new software’s to enhance e-learning does not waste student/staff time but inequality of access to technology is the prior challenges of e-learning among the student of NOUN. Also, E-learning is alternative to the face-to-face teaching method; E-learning complements face-to-face teaching method, and increased collaboration learning and interaction. There are significant challenges and prospects of E-learning in Nigerian University education such as inappropriate maintenance, no stable internet provider to support easy and fast learning and teaching, and this problem can be alleviated since there is no any significance difference between education via electronic means and conventional means if Government can. To counter the effect of challenges, Nigeria education can be ascertain if Government make internet accessible, provide adequate personnel on maintenance and finance e-learning.

This study was designed to investigate the perceptions and attitudes of students and teachers tow... more This study was designed to investigate the perceptions and attitudes of students and teachers towards mobile learning in Senior Secondary Schools in Ondo State. The design of the study was questionnaire prone, specifically frequency distribution and means Statistics techniques look into the investigate the perceptions and attitudes of teachers towards mobile learning in Senior Secondary Schools in Ondo State with a view to find out the area of strength and weakness in mobile technology usage upon identifying weakness, the study aimed at providing recommendation for improvement. 100 students and staffs participated in the study by providing data which was sought through the use of questionnaires. The instrument required information on mobile / computer training background competence and literacy level of the Students and teachers. Result level shows that acquaintance level necessary for the use of mobile learning facilities by students and teachers were very high and Teachers are not just ready to use Mobile-Learning as a teaching methodology, it can also be view from the report that Mobile-Learning make teacher to be lazy in the classroom. It is also worthy of note that Mobile-Learning make teacher to depend on internet without thinking creatively for practical work in the classroom and Mobile-Learning is too stressful compare to face-to-face teaching. The report also shows that the cost of mobile-learning tools is too high and it is a major problem affecting learning and teaching and Electrical instability is a major setback in achieving teaching and learning with computer related devices according to the report from the study.
It can also be seen clearly that that Inability to operate mobile device or / and computer (internet) devices make mobile-learning boring to Teacher in Secondary Schools and the Teacher has no financial support to improve mobile-learning, also, teacher has no equipment and tools to support mobile-learning. More so, Inequality of access to technology is the prior challenging of
7
mobile-learning among Secondary School Teacher of Nigeria based on the researcher report. The report also shows that, Nigeria has no stable internet provider to support easy and fast learning and teaching and Mobile-learning waste teacher’s time in the classroom.
Also, Mobile-learning increased collaboration learning and interaction, Mobile-learning offer flexibility and equity because it can be obtain anytime, anywhere and by anyone and Mobile-learning, educational objectives and goals can be achieved, also Mobile-learning can reduce the level of illiteracy and ignorance among students, and Mobile-learning help to improve educational attainment and raise standard of education.
To counter the effect of challenges, Mobile-learning has greater advantages to any other means, so it should be encouraged, and Nigeria education can be ascertain if Government allows mobile phone learning by teacher and student and finance it.

This study was designed to investigate the pedagogical competence of Junior Secondary School Comp... more This study was designed to investigate the pedagogical competence of Junior Secondary School Computer Science Teachers in Ondo Senatorial District of Ondo State. The design of the study was questionnaire prone, specifically frequency, percentage and means look into the pedagogical competence of Junior Secondary School Computer Science Teachers with a view to find out the area of strength and weakness in Computer usage .upon identifying weakness ,the study aimed at providing recommendation for improvement. 100 secondary school teachers participated in the study by providing data which was sought through the use of questionnaires and competence practical test. The instrument require information on Computer training background competence and literacy level of the Educators. Result level shows that majority of the teachers were computer literate. A significant number showed that they had basic knowledge on Computer, have computer related tools. A few however had no basic knowledge on Computer. Result shows that the majority of the respondents were able to use the basic software in computer for lesson delivery. In terms of applicability of the packages, teacher‟s knowledge of ICTS for classroom usage still lags behind.
Challenges to ICT competence were identified as lack of adequate computer hardware, limited knowledge on how to make full use of ICT in the classroom, lack of electricity supply, inadequate structural facilities, such as computer laboratory ,limited understanding on how to integrate ICT into the teaching process. To counter the effect of challenges, Nigeria education can be ascertain if Government make internet accessible, free and finance computer literacy.

Cyclic Redundancy Codes (CRCs) are used in a wide variety of computer networks and data storage d... more Cyclic Redundancy Codes (CRCs) are used in a wide variety of computer networks and data storage devices to provide inexpensive and effective error detection capabilities. As data transfer rates and the amount of data stored increase, the need for simple, cheap, and robust error detection codes increases as well. Thus it is important to be sure that the CRCs in use are as effective as possible.
A transmitted bit can be received in error, due to “noise” on the transmission channel. If we are dealing with voice or video data, the occurrence of errors in a small percentage of bits is quite tolerable, but in many other cases it is crucial that all bits be received intact. If for example we are downloading a binary program file, the program may be un-executable if even one bit is incorrect. If the destination or source address of a packet has one bit wrong, communication is impossible. There are many methods which have been developed to detect errors, applied at different levels of the seven layer model. Of course, no method can detect all errors, but a number of methods in use today are amazingly effective. The one we will discuss here is the famous CRC coding form.
One powerful error-detection method is Cyclic Redundancy Checking (CRC), a generalization of parity checking. One appends a few (typically 16 or 32) bits to the end of the bit string for a message and sends out the extended string. The receiver then performs a computation which would yield 0 if no bits of the message had been in error; if the result is not 0, then the receiver knows that there has been an error in one or more bits. CRC cannot detect all possible errors, but the range of errors which it can detect is impressively broad.

The aims and objectives of this book is towards adequate and effective knowledge of programming u... more The aims and objectives of this book is towards adequate and effective knowledge of programming using QBasic.

Naming conventions are rules which enable the titling of electronic and physical folders, documen... more Naming conventions are rules which enable the titling of electronic and physical folders, documents and records in a consistent and logical way. This ensures that the correct records can be located, identified and retrieved from a filing system in a timely fashion, and that they are stored in an appropriate secure location. In computer programing, a name or an identifier is the user-defined name of a program element. It can be a namespace, class, method, variable or interface. Identifiers are symbols used to uniquely identify a program element in the code. They are also used to refer to types, constants, macros and parameters. Benefits of Naming Conventions Naming records consistently, logically and in a predictable way will distinguish similar records from one another at a glance, and by doing so will facilitate the storage and retrieval of data. Through consistency and the application of logical standards we benefit from secure storage, and the ability to locate and access information. a. File Identifiability The good practice dictates that all information (files, datasets, documents, or records) should be identifiable and traceable. This can be achieved by following good practices by applying referencing to all documents/files.