Azza A B D E L A Z I Z Elrefay | Cairo University (original) (raw)

Papers by Azza A B D E L A Z I Z Elrefay

Cairo university /Anglo Egyptian Journal and Researchers Union website, 2023

How to prepare quantitative and qualitative tests and obtain comprehensive reports in order to im... more How to prepare quantitative and qualitative tests and obtain comprehensive reports in order to improve the educational process

Cairo University Universities Library Union , 2024

Using psychodrama to reduce the severity of post-traumatic stress disorder or emotional disorders... more Using psychodrama to reduce the severity of post-traumatic stress disorder or emotional disorders in children with learning difficulties who suffer from alexithymia

Interdisciplinary Neurosurgery

International Journal of Clinical Practice

Acta Dermato-Venereologica

Pili torti or 1wisted hairs ;., considered a rare, conscniial, probably inherited disordcr of thc... more Pili torti or 1wisted hairs ;., considered a rare, conscniial, probably inherited disordcr of thc hllir folliclc. 11 mny be nssociated with other ectodermal and neurolo gical abnormali1ies. Acquired pili torti a, a result of cicatricial alopccia has not becn recogniscd. The purposo of this papcr is lo re1>orl five cascs of congcnital pili torti and four case, of acquired pili toni secn by Lhe authors. An auempt is madc to cla�sify the various distinct clinical syndromes in which pili toni may be found.

Romanian Neurosurgery, 2018

Background: meningioma in parasagittal location represent between 20%-30% of meningioma in the cr... more Background: meningioma in parasagittal location represent between 20%-30% of meningioma in the cranial cavity. The close relation of it with Superior Sagittal Sinus make its surgical resection is a great challenge to the surgeon to get a good result. Patients & method: we collected 23 cases of Parasagittal Meningioma cases medical records (including pre-& postoperative clinical pictures, images plus operative details and complications post operatively) who admitted to neurosurgery dept., Mansoura University Hospital and underwent surgical resection in the period that began in 2010 and ended in 2016. We followed up the cases at least for 6 months. Results: the patient’s age varied between 64-35 years. 16 female & 7 males. The presenting symptoms was headache (11 patients), fits (6 patients), motor weakness (5 cases), abnormal gait (1 patient) and dizziness (1 case). 15 cases had gross total tumor excision while 8 cases showed partial tumor removal. Recurrence rat was in 4 cases (17.4...

Cancer Research, 2014

North African countries, such as Egypt and Morocco, have a high prevalence of non-infectious, chr... more North African countries, such as Egypt and Morocco, have a high prevalence of non-infectious, chronic mastitis (up to 10% of patients presenting with breast problems) compared to less than 1% worldwide. This same geographic region also suffers from an unusually high prevalence of inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) - 10-15% of breast cancer cases - versus just 1-2% of cases in the U.S. IBC is a serious public health issue as it is the most lethal form of breast cancer because of the propensity for rapid onset of disseminated metastases, which are present in one-third of cases at diagnosis. It is our hypothesis that this geographic overlap is not coincidental, but that the high level of background chronic breast inflammation changes the mammary microenvironment making it more auspicious for the development of IBC. Here we report our work aimed at determining molecular and histologic criteria to classify mastitis into pathogenic groups in order to rationally guide treatment for this seri...

Journal of Biochemical and Molecular Toxicology, 2014

In the present study, the effect of arjunolic acid on testicular damage induced by intraperitonea... more In the present study, the effect of arjunolic acid on testicular damage induced by intraperitoneal injection of rats with 7 mg/kg cisplatin was studied. Cisplatin induced a significant reduction in testicular weights, plasma testosterone, and testicular reduced glutathione levels in addition to a significant elevation of testicular malondialdehyde levels and testicular gene expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) when compared with the control group (p < 0.05). Lower tubular diameters and depletion of germ cells and irregular small seminiferous tubules with Sertoli cells only were observed in the cisplatin group. Arjunolic acid administration significantly corrected the changes in both biochemical and histopathological parameters. Arjunolic acid plays a significant protective role against cisplatin-induced testicular injury by attenuating oxidative stress parameters along with downregulation of iNOS, TNF-α, and p38-MAPK testicular expressions.

Egyptian Journal of Pathology, 2011

ABSTRACT Introduction: Colorectal cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths, w... more ABSTRACT Introduction: Colorectal cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths, with recurrence and metastasis being the primary reasons for mortality. New evidence has implicated chemokines as the likely cause. In this study, we studied the positive expression of CXCR4 chemokine receptor in colorectal carcinoma and investigated its relation to clinical, pathologic data, and prognosis. Materials and methods: Tumor tissue specimens from 54 patients with colorectal carcinoma who underwent radical surgery from January 2006 to January 2008 at the Gastroentrology centre, Mansoura University, Egypt were collected. Paraffin sections of all samples were submitted for immunohistochemistry using CXCR4 chemokine receptor and CD34. The prognostic significance of CXCR4 chemokine receptor were studied as well as the relation to tumor microvessel density. Results: In 54 cancer tissue specimens, CXCR4 chemokine receptor was positively expressed in 23 cases (42.6%). Positive expression of CXCR4 chemokine receptor is significantly associated with an increasing incidence of lymphovascular invasion, nodal involvement, higher TNM stage, higher tumor microvessel density, and a lower 2-year disease-free survival rate compared with those with negative CXCR4 chemokine receptor expression (P<0.05). Conclusion: Positive CXCR4 chemokine receptor expression is associated with poor prognosis and could be a potential predictive factor for recurrence or metastasis of colorectal cancer patients. Thus, CXCR4 chemokine receptor may be a potential target for specific therapeutic interventions in the future.

Egyptian Journal of Pathology, 2012

ABSTRACT Background: Deep (aggressive) fibromatoses (desmoid tumours) are locally aggressive soft... more ABSTRACT Background: Deep (aggressive) fibromatoses (desmoid tumours) are locally aggressive soft tissue tumours associated with the adenomatous polyposis coli-β-catenin-signalling pathway. Matrix metalloproteinase-7 (MMP-7), which is one of the target genes of the adenomatous polyposis coli-β-catenin-signalling pathway, has been reported to play an important role in tumour progression. In this study, we studied the expression of nuclear β-catenin and MMP-7 in deep fibromatosis and examined their relationship with early recurrence. Materials and methods: The study was carried out on 26 patients with fibromatosis during the period from January 2000 to January 2010 at the clinical oncology and nuclear medicine department, Mansoura University, Egypt. Archival materials were obtained from the pathology department and other laboratories. Paraffin sections of all samples were submitted for immunohistochemistry using β-catenin and MMP-7, with subsequent retrospective analysis of clinical data for all patients and β-catenin and MMP-7 in relation to recurrence. Results: Nuclear β-catenin was expressed in all cases, either focal or diffuse; MMP-7 was expressed in 22 cases with variable intensity and distribution from mild, moderate to marked. Positive expression of β-catenin and MMP-7 was significantly associated with early recurrence (P<0.05). There was a statistically significant correlation between the widespread nuclear expression of β-catenin and overexpression of MMP-7 (P<0.01). Adjuvant radiotherapy showed a negative correlation with early recurrence, but unfortunately, was not statistically significant (P=0.024), whereas sex, age, positive margins and tumour site were not statistically significant (P>0.01). Conclusion: β-Catenin and MMP-7 expression were associated with higher early local recurrence and could be a potential predictive factor for recurrence or aggressive behaviour. Therefore, both could define a subset of patients with aggressive behaviour and who may benefit from a combined modality such as surgery and postoperative radiotherapy.

Egyptian Liver Journal, 2012

ABSTRACT Background/aim: The immunopathogenesis of occult hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a ... more ABSTRACT Background/aim: The immunopathogenesis of occult hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a matter of great controversy and has been suggested to involve a complex balance between cytokines with proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory activity. This work aimed at studying the production of serum Th1 and Th2 cytokines in patients with occult HCV infection. Methods: Serum levels of cytokines Th1 [interleukin-2 (IL-2) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ)] and Th2 (IL-4) were measured in 27 patients with occult HCV infection and in 28 patients with chronic hepatitis C infection. Results: The levels of IL-2 and IFN-γ were highly significantly increased in patients with chronic HCV infection (P<0.001). In contrast, IL-4 showed a highly significant increase in occult HCV infection (P<0.001). Significant increases were noted in chronic HCV infection with respect to bilirubin (P<0.001), alanine transaminase (P=0.009), aspartate transaminase (P=0.013) and alfa-fetoprotein (P<0.001) levels, whereas the level of serum albumin was significantly higher in occult HCV infection (P<0.001). The degree of necroinflammation (P<0.001), fibrosis (P<0.001) and cirrhosis (P=0.03) was significantly increased during chronic HCV infection. Conclusion: Our data revealed a high prevalence of occult HCV infection (25%) in patients with unexplained persistently abnormal liver function test results. These patients exhibited a distinct immunoregulatory cytokine pattern, favouring viral persistence and explaining the less-aggressive course of this disease entity compared with chronic HCV infection.

Pathology & Oncology Research, 2012

Tumour biology : the journal of the International Society for Oncodevelopmental Biology and Medicine, Jan 27, 2015

Glypican-3 (GPC3) is a member of the membrane-bound heparin sulfate proteoglycans. E-cadherin is ... more Glypican-3 (GPC3) is a member of the membrane-bound heparin sulfate proteoglycans. E-cadherin is an adhesive receptor that is believed to act as a tumor suppressor gene. Many studies had investigated E-cadherin expressions in colorectal carcinoma (CRC) while only one study had investigated GPC3 expression in CRC. This study aims to investigate expression of GCP3 and E-cadherin in colorectal mucinous carcinoma (MA) and non-mucinous adenocarcinoma (NMA) using manual tissue microarray technique. Tumor tissue specimens are collected from 75 cases of MC and 75 cases of NMA who underwent radical surgery from Jan 2007 to Jan 2012 at the Gastroenterology Centre, Mansoura University, Egypt. Their clinicopathological parameters and survival data were revised and analyzed using established statistical methodologies. High-density manual tissue microarrays were constructed using modified mechanical pencil tip technique and immunohistochemistry for GPC3 and E-cadherin was done. NMA showed higher ...

Tumor Biology, 2014

Most colorectal carcinomas (CRCs) are considered to arise from conventional adenoma based on the ... more Most colorectal carcinomas (CRCs) are considered to arise from conventional adenoma based on the concept of the adenoma-carcinoma sequence. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are known to be overexpressed as normal mucosa progresses to adenomas and carcinomas. There has been little previous investigation about MMP-13 expression in adenoma-carcinoma sequence. In this study, we aimed to investigate the immunohistochemical expression of MMP-13 in colorectal adenoma and CRC specimens using tissue microarray (TMA) technique. A total of 40 cases of CRC associated with adenoma were collected from files of the Pathology laboratory at Mansoura Gastroenterology Center between January 2007 and January 2012. Sections from TMA blocks were prepared and stained for MMP-13. Immunoreactivity to MMP-13 staining was localized to the cytoplasm of mildly, moderately, and severely dysplatic cells of adenomas and CRC tumor cells that were either homogenous or heterogeneous. There was no significant difference in MMP-13 expression between adenomas and CRCs either non-mucinous or mucinous. Adenomas with high MMP-13 expression were significantly associated with moderate to marked degree of inflammatory cellular infiltrate and presence of familial adenomatous polyps. In conclusion, MMP-13 may be a potential biological marker of early tumorigenesis in the adenoma-carcinoma sequence.

Pharmacological Research, 1997

The present work examines the mechanism of testicular toxicity of acrylonitrile. In testicular ce... more The present work examines the mechanism of testicular toxicity of acrylonitrile. In testicular centrifugal fractions from Sprague Dawley rats, the metabolism of VCN to cyanide (CN-) was highest in the microsomal fraction and required NADPH for maximum activity. This biotransformation of VCN to CN- was characterized with respect to time (30 min), microsomal protein concentration (1.5 mg ml(-1)), pH (7.5) and temperature (37 degrees C). The V(max) of the reaction was 65.1 pmol CN- mg protein(-1) min(-1) and K(m) was 88.6 micromol VCN. Flushing the microsomes with carbon monoxide (CO)(4:1, CO/O2 v/v), addition of benzimidazole (1 mM) or addition of SKF 525-A (5x10(-4) M) to incubation mixtures significantly inhibited VCN metabolism by 49%, 54% and 37.4% respectively. Activation of VCN to CN- was markedly increased in microsomes obtained from phenobarbital (PB)-treated rats (128.2%). Addition of glutathione (GSH), L-cysteine, D-penicillamine or 2-mercaptoethanol significantly enhanced the release of CN- from VCN 126%, 247%, 202% and 129% of the control value respectively. These findings indicate that VCN is metabolized in the testis via cytochrome P-450 dependent mixed function oxidase system.

Pharmacological Research, 1999

Pharmacological Research, 1998

Acrylonitrile (vinyl cyanide, VCN), an environmental pollutant, has been shown to be an animal an... more Acrylonitrile (vinyl cyanide, VCN), an environmental pollutant, has been shown to be an animal and human carcinogen particularly for the GIT. In a previous work done in our laboratory, VCN induced immunosuppressive effects as indicated by a decrease in plaque forming cell (PFC) response to SRBCs (sheep red blood cell) immunization, a marked depletion of spleen lymphocyte subsets by flow cytometric analysis as well as bacterial translocation of the normal flora leading to brachial lymph node abscess. This work was carried out to evaluate the systemic and/or local immunotoxic potential of VCN. Acrylonitrile (2.7 mg kg-1 day-1) was given to CD-1 mice once daily for 5, 10 and 15 days. Immunohistochemical assessment of the number of cells capable of producing IgA in different intestinal compartments (duodenum, jejunum and ileum) revealed a significant decrease following VCN treatment. On the contrary, Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation in gut epithelial cells (duodenum and ileum) showed a significant increase in the same VCN-treated groups of animals. On the other hand, [3H]thymidine uptake was significantly decreased in splenocytes stimulated with phytohemaglutinin (PHA), Concanavalin-A (Con-A) and Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and derived from animals treated with VCN. The effects of VCN were started after 5 days and increased up to 15 days of daily treatment in most of the investigated parameters. The results suggested that VCN has a profound immunosuppressive effect either systemically or locally which could be a contributing factor in its GIT carcinogenicity.

BJU International, 2011

Serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen significantly decreased in L-arginine and α-tocopherol, ... more Serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen significantly decreased in L-arginine and α-tocopherol, as well as combination groups, compared to the control group. Malondialdehyde was significantly decreased in the combination group compared to L-arginine and α-tocopherol alone. Histological examination of the control group showed that acute tubular necrosis was markedly decreased in transplanted kidneys treated with a combination of both L-arginine and α-tocopherol. CONCLUSIONS Concomitant administration of L-arginine and α-tocopherol has a more protective effect and synergistic antioxidant effect on ischaemia/reperfusion injury in transplanted rat kidneys.

Abstract: Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is one of the leading causes of cancer related deaths; in Eg... more Abstract: Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is one of the leading causes of cancer related deaths; in Egypt it constitutes 6.5% of all cancers. Previous studies have shown conflicting results on clinicohistopathological features and survival of patients with colorectal mucinous (MA) and non-mucinous adenocarcinoma (NMA). To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to investigate these features in Egypt. In this work, we studied tumor tissue specimens from 150 patients with colorectal MA and NMA who underwent radical surgery from Jan 2007 to Jan 2012 at Gastroenterology Centre, Mansoura University, Egypt. Their clinicohistopathological parameters and survival were analyzed using established statistical methodologies. Incidence of MA and its subtypes was much higher in Egypt than worldwide incidence. MA was significantly associated with younger age, more depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis, less microscopic abscess formation and less peri-tumoral lymphocytic response (Crohn-li...

Indian Journal of Pathology and Microbiology, 2011

INTRODUCTION AND AIM OF WORK: Central nervous system (CNS) tumors represent a major public health... more INTRODUCTION AND AIM OF WORK: Central nervous system (CNS) tumors represent a major public health problem, and their epidemiological data in Egypt have been rather incomplete except for some regional reports. There are no available frequency-based data on CNS tumors in our locality. The objective of this study was to estimate the frequency of CNS tumors in east delta region, Egypt. The data were collected during the 8-year period from January 1999 to December 2007 from Pathology Department, Mansoura University, and other referred pathology labs. Examination of HandE stained sections from retrieved paraffin blocks were done in all cases for histopathologic categorization of C.N.S. tumors. Immunohistochemical studies were applied to confirm final histopathologic diagnosis in problematic cases. Intracranial tumors represented 86.7% of cases in comparison to only 13.3% for spinal tumors. Gliomas were the CNS tumors of the highest frequency (35.2%), followed by meningioma (25.6%), pituitary adenoma (11.6%) and nerve sheath tumors (6.6%). 10.25% of tumors were of children <15 years. This study provides the largest series of the relative frequency of CNS tumors in Delta region in Egypt till now and may help to give insight into the epidemiology of CNS tumors in our locality.

Cairo university /Anglo Egyptian Journal and Researchers Union website, 2023

How to prepare quantitative and qualitative tests and obtain comprehensive reports in order to im... more How to prepare quantitative and qualitative tests and obtain comprehensive reports in order to improve the educational process

Cairo University Universities Library Union , 2024

Using psychodrama to reduce the severity of post-traumatic stress disorder or emotional disorders... more Using psychodrama to reduce the severity of post-traumatic stress disorder or emotional disorders in children with learning difficulties who suffer from alexithymia

Interdisciplinary Neurosurgery

International Journal of Clinical Practice

Acta Dermato-Venereologica

Pili torti or 1wisted hairs ;., considered a rare, conscniial, probably inherited disordcr of thc... more Pili torti or 1wisted hairs ;., considered a rare, conscniial, probably inherited disordcr of thc hllir folliclc. 11 mny be nssociated with other ectodermal and neurolo gical abnormali1ies. Acquired pili torti a, a result of cicatricial alopccia has not becn recogniscd. The purposo of this papcr is lo re1>orl five cascs of congcnital pili torti and four case, of acquired pili toni secn by Lhe authors. An auempt is madc to cla�sify the various distinct clinical syndromes in which pili toni may be found.

Romanian Neurosurgery, 2018

Background: meningioma in parasagittal location represent between 20%-30% of meningioma in the cr... more Background: meningioma in parasagittal location represent between 20%-30% of meningioma in the cranial cavity. The close relation of it with Superior Sagittal Sinus make its surgical resection is a great challenge to the surgeon to get a good result. Patients & method: we collected 23 cases of Parasagittal Meningioma cases medical records (including pre-& postoperative clinical pictures, images plus operative details and complications post operatively) who admitted to neurosurgery dept., Mansoura University Hospital and underwent surgical resection in the period that began in 2010 and ended in 2016. We followed up the cases at least for 6 months. Results: the patient’s age varied between 64-35 years. 16 female & 7 males. The presenting symptoms was headache (11 patients), fits (6 patients), motor weakness (5 cases), abnormal gait (1 patient) and dizziness (1 case). 15 cases had gross total tumor excision while 8 cases showed partial tumor removal. Recurrence rat was in 4 cases (17.4...

Cancer Research, 2014

North African countries, such as Egypt and Morocco, have a high prevalence of non-infectious, chr... more North African countries, such as Egypt and Morocco, have a high prevalence of non-infectious, chronic mastitis (up to 10% of patients presenting with breast problems) compared to less than 1% worldwide. This same geographic region also suffers from an unusually high prevalence of inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) - 10-15% of breast cancer cases - versus just 1-2% of cases in the U.S. IBC is a serious public health issue as it is the most lethal form of breast cancer because of the propensity for rapid onset of disseminated metastases, which are present in one-third of cases at diagnosis. It is our hypothesis that this geographic overlap is not coincidental, but that the high level of background chronic breast inflammation changes the mammary microenvironment making it more auspicious for the development of IBC. Here we report our work aimed at determining molecular and histologic criteria to classify mastitis into pathogenic groups in order to rationally guide treatment for this seri...

Journal of Biochemical and Molecular Toxicology, 2014

In the present study, the effect of arjunolic acid on testicular damage induced by intraperitonea... more In the present study, the effect of arjunolic acid on testicular damage induced by intraperitoneal injection of rats with 7 mg/kg cisplatin was studied. Cisplatin induced a significant reduction in testicular weights, plasma testosterone, and testicular reduced glutathione levels in addition to a significant elevation of testicular malondialdehyde levels and testicular gene expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) when compared with the control group (p < 0.05). Lower tubular diameters and depletion of germ cells and irregular small seminiferous tubules with Sertoli cells only were observed in the cisplatin group. Arjunolic acid administration significantly corrected the changes in both biochemical and histopathological parameters. Arjunolic acid plays a significant protective role against cisplatin-induced testicular injury by attenuating oxidative stress parameters along with downregulation of iNOS, TNF-α, and p38-MAPK testicular expressions.

Egyptian Journal of Pathology, 2011

ABSTRACT Introduction: Colorectal cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths, w... more ABSTRACT Introduction: Colorectal cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths, with recurrence and metastasis being the primary reasons for mortality. New evidence has implicated chemokines as the likely cause. In this study, we studied the positive expression of CXCR4 chemokine receptor in colorectal carcinoma and investigated its relation to clinical, pathologic data, and prognosis. Materials and methods: Tumor tissue specimens from 54 patients with colorectal carcinoma who underwent radical surgery from January 2006 to January 2008 at the Gastroentrology centre, Mansoura University, Egypt were collected. Paraffin sections of all samples were submitted for immunohistochemistry using CXCR4 chemokine receptor and CD34. The prognostic significance of CXCR4 chemokine receptor were studied as well as the relation to tumor microvessel density. Results: In 54 cancer tissue specimens, CXCR4 chemokine receptor was positively expressed in 23 cases (42.6%). Positive expression of CXCR4 chemokine receptor is significantly associated with an increasing incidence of lymphovascular invasion, nodal involvement, higher TNM stage, higher tumor microvessel density, and a lower 2-year disease-free survival rate compared with those with negative CXCR4 chemokine receptor expression (P<0.05). Conclusion: Positive CXCR4 chemokine receptor expression is associated with poor prognosis and could be a potential predictive factor for recurrence or metastasis of colorectal cancer patients. Thus, CXCR4 chemokine receptor may be a potential target for specific therapeutic interventions in the future.

Egyptian Journal of Pathology, 2012

ABSTRACT Background: Deep (aggressive) fibromatoses (desmoid tumours) are locally aggressive soft... more ABSTRACT Background: Deep (aggressive) fibromatoses (desmoid tumours) are locally aggressive soft tissue tumours associated with the adenomatous polyposis coli-β-catenin-signalling pathway. Matrix metalloproteinase-7 (MMP-7), which is one of the target genes of the adenomatous polyposis coli-β-catenin-signalling pathway, has been reported to play an important role in tumour progression. In this study, we studied the expression of nuclear β-catenin and MMP-7 in deep fibromatosis and examined their relationship with early recurrence. Materials and methods: The study was carried out on 26 patients with fibromatosis during the period from January 2000 to January 2010 at the clinical oncology and nuclear medicine department, Mansoura University, Egypt. Archival materials were obtained from the pathology department and other laboratories. Paraffin sections of all samples were submitted for immunohistochemistry using β-catenin and MMP-7, with subsequent retrospective analysis of clinical data for all patients and β-catenin and MMP-7 in relation to recurrence. Results: Nuclear β-catenin was expressed in all cases, either focal or diffuse; MMP-7 was expressed in 22 cases with variable intensity and distribution from mild, moderate to marked. Positive expression of β-catenin and MMP-7 was significantly associated with early recurrence (P<0.05). There was a statistically significant correlation between the widespread nuclear expression of β-catenin and overexpression of MMP-7 (P<0.01). Adjuvant radiotherapy showed a negative correlation with early recurrence, but unfortunately, was not statistically significant (P=0.024), whereas sex, age, positive margins and tumour site were not statistically significant (P>0.01). Conclusion: β-Catenin and MMP-7 expression were associated with higher early local recurrence and could be a potential predictive factor for recurrence or aggressive behaviour. Therefore, both could define a subset of patients with aggressive behaviour and who may benefit from a combined modality such as surgery and postoperative radiotherapy.

Egyptian Liver Journal, 2012

ABSTRACT Background/aim: The immunopathogenesis of occult hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a ... more ABSTRACT Background/aim: The immunopathogenesis of occult hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a matter of great controversy and has been suggested to involve a complex balance between cytokines with proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory activity. This work aimed at studying the production of serum Th1 and Th2 cytokines in patients with occult HCV infection. Methods: Serum levels of cytokines Th1 [interleukin-2 (IL-2) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ)] and Th2 (IL-4) were measured in 27 patients with occult HCV infection and in 28 patients with chronic hepatitis C infection. Results: The levels of IL-2 and IFN-γ were highly significantly increased in patients with chronic HCV infection (P<0.001). In contrast, IL-4 showed a highly significant increase in occult HCV infection (P<0.001). Significant increases were noted in chronic HCV infection with respect to bilirubin (P<0.001), alanine transaminase (P=0.009), aspartate transaminase (P=0.013) and alfa-fetoprotein (P<0.001) levels, whereas the level of serum albumin was significantly higher in occult HCV infection (P<0.001). The degree of necroinflammation (P<0.001), fibrosis (P<0.001) and cirrhosis (P=0.03) was significantly increased during chronic HCV infection. Conclusion: Our data revealed a high prevalence of occult HCV infection (25%) in patients with unexplained persistently abnormal liver function test results. These patients exhibited a distinct immunoregulatory cytokine pattern, favouring viral persistence and explaining the less-aggressive course of this disease entity compared with chronic HCV infection.

Pathology & Oncology Research, 2012

Tumour biology : the journal of the International Society for Oncodevelopmental Biology and Medicine, Jan 27, 2015

Glypican-3 (GPC3) is a member of the membrane-bound heparin sulfate proteoglycans. E-cadherin is ... more Glypican-3 (GPC3) is a member of the membrane-bound heparin sulfate proteoglycans. E-cadherin is an adhesive receptor that is believed to act as a tumor suppressor gene. Many studies had investigated E-cadherin expressions in colorectal carcinoma (CRC) while only one study had investigated GPC3 expression in CRC. This study aims to investigate expression of GCP3 and E-cadherin in colorectal mucinous carcinoma (MA) and non-mucinous adenocarcinoma (NMA) using manual tissue microarray technique. Tumor tissue specimens are collected from 75 cases of MC and 75 cases of NMA who underwent radical surgery from Jan 2007 to Jan 2012 at the Gastroenterology Centre, Mansoura University, Egypt. Their clinicopathological parameters and survival data were revised and analyzed using established statistical methodologies. High-density manual tissue microarrays were constructed using modified mechanical pencil tip technique and immunohistochemistry for GPC3 and E-cadherin was done. NMA showed higher ...

Tumor Biology, 2014

Most colorectal carcinomas (CRCs) are considered to arise from conventional adenoma based on the ... more Most colorectal carcinomas (CRCs) are considered to arise from conventional adenoma based on the concept of the adenoma-carcinoma sequence. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are known to be overexpressed as normal mucosa progresses to adenomas and carcinomas. There has been little previous investigation about MMP-13 expression in adenoma-carcinoma sequence. In this study, we aimed to investigate the immunohistochemical expression of MMP-13 in colorectal adenoma and CRC specimens using tissue microarray (TMA) technique. A total of 40 cases of CRC associated with adenoma were collected from files of the Pathology laboratory at Mansoura Gastroenterology Center between January 2007 and January 2012. Sections from TMA blocks were prepared and stained for MMP-13. Immunoreactivity to MMP-13 staining was localized to the cytoplasm of mildly, moderately, and severely dysplatic cells of adenomas and CRC tumor cells that were either homogenous or heterogeneous. There was no significant difference in MMP-13 expression between adenomas and CRCs either non-mucinous or mucinous. Adenomas with high MMP-13 expression were significantly associated with moderate to marked degree of inflammatory cellular infiltrate and presence of familial adenomatous polyps. In conclusion, MMP-13 may be a potential biological marker of early tumorigenesis in the adenoma-carcinoma sequence.

Pharmacological Research, 1997

The present work examines the mechanism of testicular toxicity of acrylonitrile. In testicular ce... more The present work examines the mechanism of testicular toxicity of acrylonitrile. In testicular centrifugal fractions from Sprague Dawley rats, the metabolism of VCN to cyanide (CN-) was highest in the microsomal fraction and required NADPH for maximum activity. This biotransformation of VCN to CN- was characterized with respect to time (30 min), microsomal protein concentration (1.5 mg ml(-1)), pH (7.5) and temperature (37 degrees C). The V(max) of the reaction was 65.1 pmol CN- mg protein(-1) min(-1) and K(m) was 88.6 micromol VCN. Flushing the microsomes with carbon monoxide (CO)(4:1, CO/O2 v/v), addition of benzimidazole (1 mM) or addition of SKF 525-A (5x10(-4) M) to incubation mixtures significantly inhibited VCN metabolism by 49%, 54% and 37.4% respectively. Activation of VCN to CN- was markedly increased in microsomes obtained from phenobarbital (PB)-treated rats (128.2%). Addition of glutathione (GSH), L-cysteine, D-penicillamine or 2-mercaptoethanol significantly enhanced the release of CN- from VCN 126%, 247%, 202% and 129% of the control value respectively. These findings indicate that VCN is metabolized in the testis via cytochrome P-450 dependent mixed function oxidase system.

Pharmacological Research, 1999

Pharmacological Research, 1998

Acrylonitrile (vinyl cyanide, VCN), an environmental pollutant, has been shown to be an animal an... more Acrylonitrile (vinyl cyanide, VCN), an environmental pollutant, has been shown to be an animal and human carcinogen particularly for the GIT. In a previous work done in our laboratory, VCN induced immunosuppressive effects as indicated by a decrease in plaque forming cell (PFC) response to SRBCs (sheep red blood cell) immunization, a marked depletion of spleen lymphocyte subsets by flow cytometric analysis as well as bacterial translocation of the normal flora leading to brachial lymph node abscess. This work was carried out to evaluate the systemic and/or local immunotoxic potential of VCN. Acrylonitrile (2.7 mg kg-1 day-1) was given to CD-1 mice once daily for 5, 10 and 15 days. Immunohistochemical assessment of the number of cells capable of producing IgA in different intestinal compartments (duodenum, jejunum and ileum) revealed a significant decrease following VCN treatment. On the contrary, Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation in gut epithelial cells (duodenum and ileum) showed a significant increase in the same VCN-treated groups of animals. On the other hand, [3H]thymidine uptake was significantly decreased in splenocytes stimulated with phytohemaglutinin (PHA), Concanavalin-A (Con-A) and Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and derived from animals treated with VCN. The effects of VCN were started after 5 days and increased up to 15 days of daily treatment in most of the investigated parameters. The results suggested that VCN has a profound immunosuppressive effect either systemically or locally which could be a contributing factor in its GIT carcinogenicity.

BJU International, 2011

Serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen significantly decreased in L-arginine and α-tocopherol, ... more Serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen significantly decreased in L-arginine and α-tocopherol, as well as combination groups, compared to the control group. Malondialdehyde was significantly decreased in the combination group compared to L-arginine and α-tocopherol alone. Histological examination of the control group showed that acute tubular necrosis was markedly decreased in transplanted kidneys treated with a combination of both L-arginine and α-tocopherol. CONCLUSIONS Concomitant administration of L-arginine and α-tocopherol has a more protective effect and synergistic antioxidant effect on ischaemia/reperfusion injury in transplanted rat kidneys.

Abstract: Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is one of the leading causes of cancer related deaths; in Eg... more Abstract: Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is one of the leading causes of cancer related deaths; in Egypt it constitutes 6.5% of all cancers. Previous studies have shown conflicting results on clinicohistopathological features and survival of patients with colorectal mucinous (MA) and non-mucinous adenocarcinoma (NMA). To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to investigate these features in Egypt. In this work, we studied tumor tissue specimens from 150 patients with colorectal MA and NMA who underwent radical surgery from Jan 2007 to Jan 2012 at Gastroenterology Centre, Mansoura University, Egypt. Their clinicohistopathological parameters and survival were analyzed using established statistical methodologies. Incidence of MA and its subtypes was much higher in Egypt than worldwide incidence. MA was significantly associated with younger age, more depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis, less microscopic abscess formation and less peri-tumoral lymphocytic response (Crohn-li...

Indian Journal of Pathology and Microbiology, 2011

INTRODUCTION AND AIM OF WORK: Central nervous system (CNS) tumors represent a major public health... more INTRODUCTION AND AIM OF WORK: Central nervous system (CNS) tumors represent a major public health problem, and their epidemiological data in Egypt have been rather incomplete except for some regional reports. There are no available frequency-based data on CNS tumors in our locality. The objective of this study was to estimate the frequency of CNS tumors in east delta region, Egypt. The data were collected during the 8-year period from January 1999 to December 2007 from Pathology Department, Mansoura University, and other referred pathology labs. Examination of HandE stained sections from retrieved paraffin blocks were done in all cases for histopathologic categorization of C.N.S. tumors. Immunohistochemical studies were applied to confirm final histopathologic diagnosis in problematic cases. Intracranial tumors represented 86.7% of cases in comparison to only 13.3% for spinal tumors. Gliomas were the CNS tumors of the highest frequency (35.2%), followed by meningioma (25.6%), pituitary adenoma (11.6%) and nerve sheath tumors (6.6%). 10.25% of tumors were of children <15 years. This study provides the largest series of the relative frequency of CNS tumors in Delta region in Egypt till now and may help to give insight into the epidemiology of CNS tumors in our locality.

المؤتمر الثلاثون للأكاديميه العالميه لذوى الأحتياجات الخاصه, 2023

الأليكسيثيميا الأضطراب المحير أو إضطراب ما بعد الصدمه من الأضطرابات التى تؤثر على الفرد وينعكس عل... more الأليكسيثيميا الأضطراب المحير أو إضطراب ما بعد الصدمه من الأضطرابات التى تؤثر على الفرد وينعكس على البيئه التى يتواجد بها بصوره كبيره لذلك يجب النظر إليها للرفع من كفائة الفرد وقدرته على الأنتاج

Cairo university , 2024

Advantages and disadvantages of distance learning for higher education and the most important cha... more Advantages and disadvantages of distance learning for higher education and the most important challenges we face and how to solve them