Ajit Bhalla | University of Cambridge (original) (raw)
Papers by Ajit Bhalla
Journal of Economic Issues
Economic Change and Restructuring, 1998
Agora La Informatica En Un Mundo En Transformacion, 1986
UNCTAD/EDM/Misc.128 This report was prepared for, and presented at the National Workshop on the c... more UNCTAD/EDM/Misc.128 This report was prepared for, and presented at the National Workshop on the challenges facing Zimbabwe in the context of managing its integration into the global economy in pursuit of sustainable human development, held in Harare, on December 13-14, 1999. The workshop was organized under the aegis of the UNCTAD/UNDP Global Programme. Participants to the workshop included senior policy makers from various ministries in the government
World Development, 1990
This paper compares rural-urban disparities in China and India in light of differences in the fol... more This paper compares rural-urban disparities in China and India in light of differences in the following indicators: income and consumption, deposit to credit ratios, and agricultural and industrial productivity. Access to such public services as health are also considered. Reasons for disparities are sought in government policies affecting agricultural terms of trade, credit, and rural to urban migration. The paper concludes that the Chinese economy during the Mao Zedong period was much more egalitarian than the Indian; but the case is less clearcut for the Deng Xiaoping period.
Journal of International Development, 1991
This paper examines interrelationships between health status, access and utilization. Indicators ... more This paper examines interrelationships between health status, access and utilization. Indicators for each of these are measured for China and India. It is shown that China, both during Mao and Deng periods, scores over India in the provision of health services to the rural population. Differences in economic inequalities, organization of health services and motivation account for this. Contrary to the prevailing view there is no conclusive evidence that the post-Mao reforms have lowered the access of rural people to health services. The decline of barefoot doctors has been accompanied by an increase in private medical practitioners, and a decline in rural health insurance has coincided with new and alternative experiments in this domain. * The first draft of this paper was written in 1988 during the tenure of a Hallsworth Fellowship in the Economics Department, University of Manchester. I am grateful to an anonymous referee for useful comments on an earlier draft of the paper.
Journal of International Development, 2003
ABSTRACT This paper presents a comprehensive picture of inequality in China on the basis of provi... more ABSTRACT This paper presents a comprehensive picture of inequality in China on the basis of provincial data. It decomposes overall inequalities into intra and inter components. Rural-urban inequality dominated overall inequality in the past and will continue to do so in the future. Meanwhile, in recent years inter-regional inequality has grown rapidly and become an important component of inequality. We find that the pattern of inequality is quite different in the pre-reform and reform periods. Our results show that overall inequality in China is large by international standards and that it has grown worse during the past half century. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
International Journal of Technology Management and Sustainable Development, 2002
... 1 These two concepts are further developed in a forthcoming vol-ume by Rob Davies and Ajit Bh... more ... 1 These two concepts are further developed in a forthcoming vol-ume by Rob Davies and Ajit Bhalla which is currently under preparation. 41 Globalisation and Sustainable Development: a Southern African Perspective Page 3. ture (see, for example, Bhaduri 1993: 15152). ...
The European Journal of Development Research, 1999
Africa Spectrum, 1973
... of large-scale footwear manufacturers has reduced the growth potential of artisan shoe-makers... more ... of large-scale footwear manufacturers has reduced the growth potential of artisan shoe-makers ... insufficient co-ordination between various agencies concerned, and to the lack of whole ... The situation in Nigerian manufacturing is described as follows: "The use of greater number of ...
Asian Survey, 1995
... Government subsidies in India, estimated at nearly 15% of GDP, are an enormous burden on the ... more ... Government subsidies in India, estimated at nearly 15% of GDP, are an enormous burden on the central and state exchequer. The rapid increase in public expenditure by the central government during the 1980s is one of the major reasons for the growth of the fiscal deficit. ...
Applied Economics, 1990
... responsibility system, are likely to influence the nature and degree of sectoral interdepende... more ... responsibility system, are likely to influence the nature and degree of sectoral interdependence. ... at least between 1978 and 1982) and growing investment opportunities in urban areas (Griffin ... Lack of adequate State investment, deteriorating rural infrastructure (especially the
Development and Change, 1979
For looking at development planning in a historical perspective, a useful starting point is perha... more For looking at development planning in a historical perspective, a useful starting point is perhaps the Harrod-Domar model which has inspired the use of marginal capital coefficients in growth theory and development plans. It is also appropriate to start with this subject in a paper written in honour of Dr Kurt Martin who himself has contributed a critique of the capital-output ratios. * HARROD-DOMAR MODEL AND THE CAPITAL COEFFICIENT I1 Plan Output Period Concept
This paper investigates convergence patterns among China's provinces using GDP data for the perio... more This paper investigates convergence patterns among China's provinces using GDP data for the period 1952-97. We use the Markov chains proposed by Quah (1993) and the generalized entropy decomposition approach proposed by to analyse the convergence behaviour. Both sets of results show similar evidence of convergence within the predefined geo-economic sub-regions, but no evidence of convergence between the sub-regions. The finding has important policy implications on regional economic development in China.
This paper presents a comprehensive picture of inequality in China on the basis of provincial dat... more This paper presents a comprehensive picture of inequality in China on the basis of provincial data. It decomposes overall inequalities into intra and inter components. Ruralurban inequality dominated overall inequality in the past and will continue to do so in the future. Meanwhile, in recent years inter-regional inequality has grown rapidly and become an important component of inequality. We find that the pattern of inequality is quite different in the pre-reform and reform periods. Our results show that overall inequality in China is large by international standards and that it has grown worse during the past half century.
This article attempts to analyse the economic, social and political dimensions of social exclusio... more This article attempts to analyse the economic, social and political dimensions of social exclusion. After comparing the concept with the conventional notions of poverty and marginalization, we argue that social exclusion overlaps with poverty broadly de®ned, but goes beyond it by explicitly embracing the relational as well as distributional aspects of poverty. It is shown that the concept has universal validity although it has not gained much attention in developing countries. Indicators to measure dierent aspects of social exclusion are discussed; in this context, the article considers how appropriate it might be to use precariousness of employment as a measure. Finally, methodological problems involved in operationalizing the concept as a tool of policy formulation to ®ght exclusion are underlined.
Journal of Economic Issues
Economic Change and Restructuring, 1998
Agora La Informatica En Un Mundo En Transformacion, 1986
UNCTAD/EDM/Misc.128 This report was prepared for, and presented at the National Workshop on the c... more UNCTAD/EDM/Misc.128 This report was prepared for, and presented at the National Workshop on the challenges facing Zimbabwe in the context of managing its integration into the global economy in pursuit of sustainable human development, held in Harare, on December 13-14, 1999. The workshop was organized under the aegis of the UNCTAD/UNDP Global Programme. Participants to the workshop included senior policy makers from various ministries in the government
World Development, 1990
This paper compares rural-urban disparities in China and India in light of differences in the fol... more This paper compares rural-urban disparities in China and India in light of differences in the following indicators: income and consumption, deposit to credit ratios, and agricultural and industrial productivity. Access to such public services as health are also considered. Reasons for disparities are sought in government policies affecting agricultural terms of trade, credit, and rural to urban migration. The paper concludes that the Chinese economy during the Mao Zedong period was much more egalitarian than the Indian; but the case is less clearcut for the Deng Xiaoping period.
Journal of International Development, 1991
This paper examines interrelationships between health status, access and utilization. Indicators ... more This paper examines interrelationships between health status, access and utilization. Indicators for each of these are measured for China and India. It is shown that China, both during Mao and Deng periods, scores over India in the provision of health services to the rural population. Differences in economic inequalities, organization of health services and motivation account for this. Contrary to the prevailing view there is no conclusive evidence that the post-Mao reforms have lowered the access of rural people to health services. The decline of barefoot doctors has been accompanied by an increase in private medical practitioners, and a decline in rural health insurance has coincided with new and alternative experiments in this domain. * The first draft of this paper was written in 1988 during the tenure of a Hallsworth Fellowship in the Economics Department, University of Manchester. I am grateful to an anonymous referee for useful comments on an earlier draft of the paper.
Journal of International Development, 2003
ABSTRACT This paper presents a comprehensive picture of inequality in China on the basis of provi... more ABSTRACT This paper presents a comprehensive picture of inequality in China on the basis of provincial data. It decomposes overall inequalities into intra and inter components. Rural-urban inequality dominated overall inequality in the past and will continue to do so in the future. Meanwhile, in recent years inter-regional inequality has grown rapidly and become an important component of inequality. We find that the pattern of inequality is quite different in the pre-reform and reform periods. Our results show that overall inequality in China is large by international standards and that it has grown worse during the past half century. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
International Journal of Technology Management and Sustainable Development, 2002
... 1 These two concepts are further developed in a forthcoming vol-ume by Rob Davies and Ajit Bh... more ... 1 These two concepts are further developed in a forthcoming vol-ume by Rob Davies and Ajit Bhalla which is currently under preparation. 41 Globalisation and Sustainable Development: a Southern African Perspective Page 3. ture (see, for example, Bhaduri 1993: 15152). ...
The European Journal of Development Research, 1999
Africa Spectrum, 1973
... of large-scale footwear manufacturers has reduced the growth potential of artisan shoe-makers... more ... of large-scale footwear manufacturers has reduced the growth potential of artisan shoe-makers ... insufficient co-ordination between various agencies concerned, and to the lack of whole ... The situation in Nigerian manufacturing is described as follows: "The use of greater number of ...
Asian Survey, 1995
... Government subsidies in India, estimated at nearly 15% of GDP, are an enormous burden on the ... more ... Government subsidies in India, estimated at nearly 15% of GDP, are an enormous burden on the central and state exchequer. The rapid increase in public expenditure by the central government during the 1980s is one of the major reasons for the growth of the fiscal deficit. ...
Applied Economics, 1990
... responsibility system, are likely to influence the nature and degree of sectoral interdepende... more ... responsibility system, are likely to influence the nature and degree of sectoral interdependence. ... at least between 1978 and 1982) and growing investment opportunities in urban areas (Griffin ... Lack of adequate State investment, deteriorating rural infrastructure (especially the
Development and Change, 1979
For looking at development planning in a historical perspective, a useful starting point is perha... more For looking at development planning in a historical perspective, a useful starting point is perhaps the Harrod-Domar model which has inspired the use of marginal capital coefficients in growth theory and development plans. It is also appropriate to start with this subject in a paper written in honour of Dr Kurt Martin who himself has contributed a critique of the capital-output ratios. * HARROD-DOMAR MODEL AND THE CAPITAL COEFFICIENT I1 Plan Output Period Concept
This paper investigates convergence patterns among China's provinces using GDP data for the perio... more This paper investigates convergence patterns among China's provinces using GDP data for the period 1952-97. We use the Markov chains proposed by Quah (1993) and the generalized entropy decomposition approach proposed by to analyse the convergence behaviour. Both sets of results show similar evidence of convergence within the predefined geo-economic sub-regions, but no evidence of convergence between the sub-regions. The finding has important policy implications on regional economic development in China.
This paper presents a comprehensive picture of inequality in China on the basis of provincial dat... more This paper presents a comprehensive picture of inequality in China on the basis of provincial data. It decomposes overall inequalities into intra and inter components. Ruralurban inequality dominated overall inequality in the past and will continue to do so in the future. Meanwhile, in recent years inter-regional inequality has grown rapidly and become an important component of inequality. We find that the pattern of inequality is quite different in the pre-reform and reform periods. Our results show that overall inequality in China is large by international standards and that it has grown worse during the past half century.
This article attempts to analyse the economic, social and political dimensions of social exclusio... more This article attempts to analyse the economic, social and political dimensions of social exclusion. After comparing the concept with the conventional notions of poverty and marginalization, we argue that social exclusion overlaps with poverty broadly de®ned, but goes beyond it by explicitly embracing the relational as well as distributional aspects of poverty. It is shown that the concept has universal validity although it has not gained much attention in developing countries. Indicators to measure dierent aspects of social exclusion are discussed; in this context, the article considers how appropriate it might be to use precariousness of employment as a measure. Finally, methodological problems involved in operationalizing the concept as a tool of policy formulation to ®ght exclusion are underlined.